Tshuaj kho mob txha osteoporosis

Txha caj qaum yog ib yam kab mob uas ua rau cov pob txha tawv thiab yuav ua pob txha lov. Nrog osteoporosis, cov pob txha poob ntom. Cov pob txha ua kom txaus yog tus nqi ntawm cov pob txha calcified uas nyob hauv koj cov pob txha.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv tawm qee yam tshuaj los pab txo koj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha lov. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob txha hauv koj lub duav, lub nraub qaum, thiab lwm qhov chaw tsis tshua zoo.

Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj rau thaum:

• Kev ntsuam xyuas pob txha ceev qhia pom tias koj muaj osteoporosis, txawm tias koj tsis tau ua pob txha lov ua ntej, tab sis koj cov pob txha pob txha muaj feem ntau.
• Koj muaj pob txha pob txha, thiab pob txha lub cev ntaj ntsuam xyuas pom tias koj yuag dua li cov pob txha ib txwm, tab sis tsis yog txha txha.
• Koj muaj pob txha pob txha uas tshwm sim yam tsis muaj ib qho kev raug mob tseem ceeb.

Bisphosphonates yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas tau siv los tiv thaiv thiab kho cov pob txha tsis zoo. Lawv feem ntau noj ntawm qhov ncauj. Koj tuaj yeem noj cov ntsiav tshuaj ib hlis ib zaug lossis ib hlis ib zaug. Koj kuj tseem yuav tau bisphosphonates los ntawm txoj leeg ntshav (IV). Feem ntau qhov no tau ua ib zaug lossis ob zaug hauv ib xyoo.

Feem ntau cov kev phiv nrog bisphosphonates noj ntawm qhov ncauj yog kub siab, xeev siab, thiab mob hauv plab. Thaum koj noj bisphosphonates:

• Coj lawv rau ntawm lub plab khoob thaum sawv ntxov nrog 6 txog 8 ooj (oz), lossis 200 txog 250 millilitres (mL), ntawm cov dej ntshiab (tsis muaj dej ntshiab los yog kua txiv).
• Tom qab noj cov ntsiav tshuaj, nyob twj ywm zaum lossis sawv ntsug tsawg kawg 30 feeb.
• Tsis txhob noj lossis haus tsawg kawg yog 30 txog 60 feeb.

Cov mob tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj yog:

• Cov ntshav uas tsis muaj calcium ntau ntau
• Muaj qee hom pob txha-pob txha (pob txha caj qaum)
• Puas tsuaj rau lub puab tsaig pob txha
• Lub plawv dhia ceev ceev, txawv txav (atrial fibrillation)

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav kom koj tsum tsis noj cov tshuaj no tom qab 5 xyoo. Ua li ntawd txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim. Qhov no hu ua nyiaj so koobtsheej tshuaj.

Raloxifene (Evista) kuj tseem siv tau rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov mob pob txha.

• Nws tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha caj qaum, tab sis tsis yog lwm yam pob txha lov.
• Cov kev mob tshwm sim loj tshaj plaws yog qhov kev pheej hmoo me me ntawm cov ntshav txhaws ntawm cov leeg ntshav los yog hauv lub ntsws.
• Cov tshuaj no kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev muaj kab mob plawv thiab mob qog noj ntshav mis.
• Lwm yam tshuaj xaiv estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) kuj tseem siv los kho txha.

Denosumab (Prolia) yog ib hom tshuaj uas txwv tsis pub cov pob txha tsis ua kom lub cev tsis huv. Cov tshuaj no:

• Muab raws li kev txhaj tshuaj txhua txhua 6 lub hlis.
• Yuav nce pob txha ceev ntau dua bisphosphonates.
• Feem ntau tsis yog kho thib ib.
• Tej zaum tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov tib neeg tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob lossis noj tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Teriparatide (Forteo) yog cov roj av ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj parathyroid. Cov tshuaj no:

• Tej zaum yuav ua rau cov leeg pob txha thiab txo qhov uas yuav ua kom tawg taus.
• Muab raws li kev txhaj tshuaj hauv qab daim tawv nqaij hauv tsev, feem ntau txhua hnub.
• Tsis zoo li muaj kev mob tshwm sim mus ntev ntev, tab sis tuaj yeem ua rau xeev siab, kiv taub hau, los yog mob plab.

Estrogen, los yog kev hloov kho tshuaj hormone (HRT). Cov tshuaj no:

• Yog txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov txha.
• Yog cov tshuaj feem ntau kho mob osteoporosis rau ntau xyoo. Nws txoj kev siv tau txo qis vim yog txhawj xeeb tias cov tshuaj no ua rau mob plawv, mob cancer mis, thiab ntshav txhaws.
• Tseem yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau ntau tus poj niam hluas (50 txog 60 xyoo). Yog tias tus poj niam tab tom noj tshuaj estrogen dhau los, nws thiab nws tus kws kho mob yuav tsum sib tham txog qhov txaus ntshai thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua.

Romosuzomab (Yav tsaus ntuj) lub hom phiaj yog ib txoj kev loj hlob hauv cov pob txha hu ua sclerostin. Cov tshuaj no:

• Muab txhua hli raws li kev txhaj tshuaj hauv qab daim tawv nqaij rau ib xyoos.
• Yog pib ntawm nce pob txha ceev.
• Yuav ua rau muaj cov calcium nyob qis heev.
• Tej zaum yuav ua rau kom muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv nres thiab mob hlab ntsha tawg.

Parathyroid hormone

• Cov tshuaj no tau muab raws li kev txhaj tshuaj txhua hnub hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. Koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus saib xyuas neeg mob yuav qhia koj kom txhaj tshuaj rau koj tus kheej hauv tsev.
• Parathyroid hormone ua haujlwm zoo dua yog tias koj tsis tau noj bisphosphonates.

Calcitonin yog ib hom tshuaj uas ua rau tsis muaj pob txha poob. Cov tshuaj no:

• Qee zaum siv tom qab ua pob txha txhim kho vim nws txo qis pob txha mob.
• Yog qhov kev siv tsawg dua li bisphosphonates.
• Ua li tuaj yeem hno qhov ntswg lossis txhaj tshuaj.

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob txhawm rau cov kev mob tshwm sim no:

• Mob hauv siab, kub siab, lossis teeb meem nqos
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav
• Cov ntshav hauv koj cov quav
• O o, mob, liab ntawm ib qho ntawm koj ob sab ceg
• Lub plawv dhia ceev ceev
• Cov tawv nqaij ua pob
• Mob hauv koj sab ncej puab lossis ntsag
• Mob koj lub puab tsaig

Alendronate (Fosamax); Ibandronate (Boniva); Vam Meej (Actonel); Zoledronic acid (Reclast); Raloxifene (Evista); Teriparatide (Forteo); Denosumab (Prolia); Romosozumab (Hmo Ntuj); Tsawg pob txha ceev - cov tshuaj; Txha caj - tshuaj

• Kab mob hauv

De Paula FJA, Dub DM, Rosen CJ. Txha: cov kab mob yooj yim thiab chaw kho mob. Hauv: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Phau Ntawv ntawm EndocrinologyCov. Xab 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 30.

Eastell R, Rosen CJ, Dub DM, Cheung AM, Murad MH, Shoback D. Pharmacological kev tswj cov mob txha caj qaum hauv cov poj niam postmenopausal: ib haiv neeg Endocrine * Kev qhia txog kev coj ua. J Clin Endocrinol MetabCov. 2019; 104 (5): 1595-1622. PMID: 30907953 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30907953/.

• Kab mob hauv