Cov ntshav siab hauv cov qib siab

Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib qho rog (tseem hu ua lipid) uas koj lub cev xav kom ua haujlwm zoo. Ntau cov roj (cholesterol) phem yuav ua rau koj muaj feem mob plawv, mob stroke, thiab lwm yam teeb meem.

Lub sij hawm kho mob rau cov ntshav siab yog lipid tsis meej, hyperlipidemia, los yog hypercholesterolemia.

Nws muaj ntau yam roj cholesterol. Cov uas tham txog feem ntau yog:

• Cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho - tag nrho cov cholesterolols ua ke
• Cov roj lipoprotein ntau heev (HDL) cov roj cholesterol siab - feem ntau hu ua cov roj "zoo"
• Cov roj ntshav qis lipoprotein (LDL) cov roj cholesterol tsawg - feem ntau hu ua cov "cholesterol" phem

Rau ntau tus neeg, cov roj (cholesterol) tsis zoo yog ib feem los ntawm kev ua neej tsis huv. Qhov no feem ntau suav nrog kev noj zaub mov kom muaj rog hauv cov rog. Lwm yam hauv lub neej yog:

• Ceeb thawj
• Tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog

Qee qhov mob ua rau tuaj yeem ua rau cov roj (cholesterol) tsis zoo, suav nrog:

• Mob ntshav qab zib
• Mob raum
• Polycystic zes qe menyuam mob
• Cev xeeb tub thiab lwm yam kev mob uas nce qib ntawm poj niam cov tshuaj hormones
• Kev ua kom tsis muaj qog ua qog

Cov tshuaj xws li qee yam tshuaj tswj muaj me nyuam, tshuaj diuretics (dej tshuaj), beta-blockers, thiab qee cov tshuaj siv los kho kev nyuaj siab yuav ua rau kom nce qib roj. Ntau yam kev cuam tshuam uas dhau los ntawm cov tsev neeg ua rau cov cholesterol thiab qib triglyceride tsis zoo. Lawv suav nrog:

• Familial ua ke hyperlipidemia
• Tus mob ntshav siab dysbetalipoproteinemia
• Familial hypercholesterolemia
• Familial hypertriglyceridemia

Kev haus luam yeeb tsis ua rau cov qib roj cholesterol siab dua, tab sis nws tuaj yeem txo koj cov roj (cholesterol) HDL (zoo).

Kev kuaj ntshav yog ua los ntsuas tus mob lipid. Cov kws paub sib txawv pom zoo cov hnub nyoog txawv rau cov neeg laus.

• Pom zoo pib hnub nyoog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 20 txog 35 rau cov txiv neej thiab 20 txog 45 rau cov poj niam.
• Cov neeg laus uas muaj cov roj (cholesterol) zoo tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntsuas ntxiv rau 5 xyoo.
• Rov kuaj dua sai dua yog tias muaj kev hloov tshwm sim hauv kev ua neej (nrog rau qhov hnyav nce thiab kev noj haus).
• Cov neeg laus uas muaj keeb kwm nce mob roj, ntshav qab zib, raum muaj teeb meem, mob plawv, thiab lwm yam mob yuav tsum tau kuaj ntau zaus.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los ua haujlwm nrog koj tus kws kho mob txhawm rau teeb tsa koj cov hom phiaj roj (cholesterol). Cov txheej txheem tshiab txwv cov kws kho mob kom txav deb ntawm cov phiaj tshwj xeeb hauv cov roj (cholesterol). Hloov chaw, lawv pom zoo kom muab cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab cov koob tshuaj sib txawv raws tus neeg cov keeb kwm thiab qhov muaj feem phom sij. Cov txheej txheem no hloov qee lub sijhawm raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau muaj.

Cov hom phiaj dav dav yog:

• LDL: 70 txog 130 mg / dL (cov lej qis dua zoo dua)
• HDL: Ntau dua 50 mg / dL (cov lej ntau dua yog qhov zoo dua)
• Cov roj (cholesterol) tag nrho: Tsawg dua 200 mg / dL (cov lej qis dua zoo dua)
• Triglycerides: 10 txog 150 mg / dL (cov lej qis dua zoo dua)

Yog tias koj cov txiaj ntsig roj (cholesterol) tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem muaj lwm yam kev ntsuam xyuas xws li:

• Ntshav qab zib (piam thaj) ntsuas mus nrhiav ntshav qab zib
• Kuaj lub raum kev ua haujlwm
• Kev kuaj ntshav lub qog ua haujlwm txhawm rau txhawm rau nrhiav kev ua qog ua ntshav tsis zoo

Cov kauj ruam koj tuaj yeem coj los txhim kho koj cov qib roj cholesterol kom zoo thiab pab tiv thaiv kab mob plawv thiab muaj mob plawv xws li:

• Txiav Luam Yeeb. Nov yog tib qho kev pauv loj tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau kom txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv thiab mob stroke.
• Noj cov zaub uas muaj rog tsawg. Cov no suav nrog cov whole grains, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab zaub.
• Siv cov roj toppings, cov kua txob, thiab cov ris tsho hnav.
• Zam cov zaub mov uas muaj cov rog rog.
• Ib ce muaj zog tas li.
• Poob ceeb thawj yog tias koj rog dhau.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav kom koj noj tshuaj rau koj cov roj (cholesterol) yog tias lub neej pauv tsis txawv. Qhov no yuav cia siab rau:

• Koj lub hnub nyoog
• Txawm hais tias koj muaj mob plawv, ntshav qab zib, lossis lwm yam teebmeem ntshav ntws
• Seb koj haus luam yeeb lossis rog dhau
• Seb koj puas muaj ntshav siab lossis ntshav qab zib

Koj yuav xav tau tshuaj txo cov roj koj siab:

• Yog tias koj muaj kab mob plawv lossis ntshav qab zib
• Yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo mob plawv (txawm tias koj tseem tsis tau muaj teeb meem plawv)
• Yog tias koj cov tshuaj LDL roj yog 190 mg / dL lossis siab dua

Yuav luag txhua tus neeg txhua tus tuaj yeem tau txais cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm cov roj cholesterol LDL uas qis dua 160 txog 190 mg / dL.

Muaj ntau hom tshuaj los pab txo cov ntshav siab hauv cov ntshav. Cov tshuaj ua haujlwm sib txawv. Statins yog ib hom tshuaj uas txo cov roj cholesterol thiab muaj pov thawj txaus los txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob plawv. Lwm yam tshuaj muaj nyob yog tias koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntau thiab statins tsis txo koj cov roj (cholesterol) kom txaus. Cov no suav nrog ezetimibe thiab PCSK9 inhibitors.

Cov roj (cholesterol) siab tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg ntshav khov, tseem hu ua atherosclerosis. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum muaj rog, cov roj cholesterol, thiab lwm yam khoom tsim ua rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov qauv tawv hu ua plaques.

Ua haujlwm dhau sijhawm, cov plahaum no tuaj yeem thaiv cov hlab ntsha thiab ua rau mob plawv, mob stroke, thiab lwm yam tsos mob lossis teeb meem thoob plaws lub cev.

Cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb uas dhau los ntawm cov tsev neeg feem ntau ua rau cov qib roj cholesterol siab dua uas nyuaj rau kev tswj hwm.

Cov roj (cholesterol) - siab; Cov mob lipid; Hyperlipoproteinemia; Hyperlipidemia; Dyslipidemia; Hypercholesterolemia

• Angina - tawm hauv
• Angioplasty thiab stent - lub siab - tso tawm
• Antiplatelet tshuaj - P2Y12 inhibitors
• Cov tshuaj aspirin thiab kab mob plawv
• Nquag nquag tom qab koj lub plawv nres
• Nquag nquag siv thaum koj muaj kab mob plawv
• Butter, margarine, thiab roj ua noj
• Mob catheterization - paug
• Cov roj khov thiab txoj kev ua neej
• Roj Cholesterol - tshuaj kho mob
• Roj Cholesterol - qhov yuav tsum nug koj tus kws kho mob
• Tswj koj cov ntshav siab
• Mob ntshav qab zib - tiv thaiv lub plawv nres thiab mob hlab ntsha tawg
• Kev noj haus cov rog piav qhia
• Cov lus qhia zaub mov nrawm
• Plawv nres - tso tawm
• Kev phais plawv bypass - kev tso tawm
• Kev phais plawv bypass - tsawg minasally tus - tawm
• Kab mob hauv lub plawv - yam txaus ntshai
• Lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm - haus dej thiab cov tshuaj ua kom ntshav qab zib
• Kev mob plawv tsis zoo - tshuaj xyuas tsev
• Lub plawv khiav ceev - paug
• Yuav nyeem daim ntawv zaub mov li cas
• Noj ntsev tsawg
• Mediterranean noj
• Mob Stroke - tawm
• Ntshav qab zib Hom 2 - dab tsi yuav nug koj tus kws kho mob

• Cov roj khov tsim
• Kab mob rau cov hlab ntshav
• Cov roj khov ua tiav
• Kev loj hlob txoj kev ntawm atherosclerosis

Genest J, Libby P. Lipoprotein cuam tshuam thiab mob plawv. Hauv: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Plawv Lub Plawv: Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Tshuaj Mob plawv. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 48.

Grundy SM, Pob Zeb NJ, Bailey AL, li al. 2018 AHA / ACC / AACVPR / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / ADA / AGS / APhA / ASPC / NLA / PCNA cov lus qhia txog kev tswj hwm cov ntshav muaj roj: ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm American College ntawm Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force ntawm Kev Ntsuas Ua Haujlwm Cov. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019; 73 (24); e285-e350. PMID: 30423393 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30423393/.

Robinson JG. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lipid metabolism. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Tshuaj. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 195.

Tsoomfwv Meskas Tiv Thaiv Pabcuam Pab Pawg Tiv Thaiv tau sau cov lus pom zoo kawg. Kev siv Statin rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv rau cov neeg laus: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/re អនុសាសន៍ation/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication. Hloov kho Kaum Ib Hlis 13, 2016. Nkag mus rau Lub Ob Hlis 24, 2020.

Kev Pabcuam Tiv Thaiv US Ua Haujlwm; Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, li al. Kev soj ntsuam txog cov lipid tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas: Asmeskas Cov Kev Pabcuam Tiv Thaiv Kev Ua Haujlwm tau hais tawm cov lus. JAMA. 2016; 316 (6): 625-633. PMID: 27532917 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27532917/.