Malabsorption

Malabsorption cuam tshuam nrog teeb meem nrog lub cev kev muaj peev xwm los nqus (nqus) cov as-ham los ntawm zaub mov.

Ntau yam kabmob tuaj yeem ua rau malabsorption. Feem ntau, malabsorption cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb meem nqus cov suab thaj, rog, protein lossis vitamins. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem koom nrog qhov teebmeem txhua yam nrog kev nqus cov zaub mov.

Teeb meem lossis kev puas tsuaj rau txoj hnyuv me uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov teeb meem nqus cov zaub mov tseem ceeb. Cov no suav nrog:

• Celiac mob
• Qav Tsuag
• Crohn kab mob
• Nplawg kab mob
• Kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev kho hluav taws xob
• Ntau dhau ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv
• Cov cab los sis cab kis
• Kev phais uas tshem tawm tag nrho lossis ib feem ntawm txoj hnyuv

Cov Enzymes uas ua los ntawm cov txiav ua pa pab nqus cov rog thiab lwm yam khoom noj haus zoo. Qhov ua kom tsawg ntawm cov enzymes no ua rau nws nyuaj rau nqus cov rog thiab qee yam as-ham. Cov teeb meem los ntawm tus txiav ua kab mob los ntawm:

• Cystic fibrosis
• Kev kis mob lossis o ntawm cov txiav
• Kev poob plig rau tus txiav
• Kev phais kom tshem tawm feem ntawm cov txiav

Qee qhov ntawm lwm qhov ua rau malabsorption muaj xws li:

• AIDS thiab HIV
• Qee yam tshuaj (tetracycline, qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, qee cov tshuaj siv los kho kev rog, colchicine, acarbose, phenytoin, cholestyramine)
• Gastrectomy thiab phais mob rau kev rog
• Cholestasis
• Kab mob siab
• Kev noj mis nyuj cov mis tsis txaus
• Soy mis protein protein tsis txaus

Hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov hnyav tam sim no lossis feem ntau ntawm qhov nce phaus yog feem ntau qis dua lwm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj hnub nyoog sib luag thiab cov pojniam. Qhov no yog hu ua qhov ua tsis tau zoo. Tus menyuam yuav tsis loj hlob thiab loj hlob ib txwm muaj.

Cov neeg laus los tseem tuaj yeem ua tsis tau zoo, nrog kev poob phaus, ua kom leeg nqaij, tsis muaj zog, thiab txawm ua teeb meem los xav.

Hloov cov quav me me feem ntau muaj, tab sis tsis tas li.

Hloov pauv cov quav yuav muaj:

• Tsam plab, ntswj, thiab roj
• Tej qhov quav
• Mob plab zawv
• Cov quav ua rog (steatorrhea)

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj. Kev ntsuam xyuas uas yuav ua tau muaj xws li:

• Kuaj ntshav thiab zis
• CT scan ntawm lub plab mog
• Kev ntsuam xyuas ua pa hydrogen
• MR lossis CT enterography
• Schilling kev xeem rau cov vitamin B12 tsis txaus
• Kev kuaj kev zais cia zais cia
• Kev tso quav me me
• Tso quav kab lis kev cai los yog kab lis kev cai ntawm cov hnyuv plhaw kom tsawg
• Kev soj ntsuam cov quav txawv
• Kev xoo hluav taws xob xoo ntawm pob me me los yog ua lwm yam duab ntsuas

Kev kho yog nyob ntawm qhov laj thawj thiab txhawm rau txo cov tsos mob thiab ua kom lub cev tau txais cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig txaus.

Kev noj zaub mov kom muaj calorie ntau. Nws yuav tsum tau muab:

• Cov vitamins thiab cov zaub mov tseem ceeb, xws li hlau, folic acid, thiab vitamin B12
• Txaus carbohydrates, proteins, thiab cov rog

Yog tias xav tau, kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm qee cov vitamins thiab minerals lossis tshwj xeeb kev loj hlob yuav muab. Cov uas muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev ua kab mob hnoos qeev yuav tsum tau noj cov kab mob pancreatic enzymes. Koj tus kws khomob yuav sau cov tshuaj no yog tias tsimnyog.

Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua kom qeeb zog uas ib txwm ua rau txoj hnyuv quav tuaj yeem sim. Qhov no yuav tso cov zaub mov nyob hauv cov hnyuv ntev dua.

Yog tias lub cev tsis tuaj yeem nqus cov khoom noj kom txaus, tag nrho cov khoom noj khoom haus niam txiv (TPN) tau sim. Nws yuav pab koj lossis koj tus menyuam kom tau txais zaub mov noj los ntawm cov mis tshwj xeeb los ntawm txoj hlab ntshav hauv lub cev. Koj tus muab kev pab yuav xaiv cov calories thiab cov tshuaj TPN kom haum. Qee zaum, koj tuaj yeem noj thiab haus thaum tau txais zaub mov los ntawm TPN.

Qhov outlook nyob ntawm qhov dab tsi ua rau malabsorption.

Lub sijhawm ntev malabsorption tuaj yeem ua rau:

• Mob Kev Plab
• Gallstones
• Raum pob zeb
• Nyias thiab cov pob txha tsis muaj zog

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm malabsorption.

Kev tiv thaiv nyob ntawm tus mob ua rau malabsorption.

• Lub plab zom mov
• Cystic fibrosis
• Digestive system plab hnyuv siab raum

Högenauer C, rauj HF. Maldigestion thiab malabsorption. Hauv: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger thiab Fordtran's Gastrointestinal thiab Kab Mob SiabCov. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 104.

Semrad CE. Txoj kev rau tus neeg mob raws plab thiab malabsorption. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 131.