Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) yog ib qho mob uas cov leeg mob hauv lub plawv yuav tuab. Feem ntau, tsuas yog ib ntu ntawm lub siab tuab tuab dua li lwm ntu.

Lub zom zaws tuaj yeem ua rau nws cov ntshav nyuaj tawm ntawm lub plawv, yuam kom lub siab ua haujlwm hnyav los tso ntshav. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau lub siab tawv lub siab kom so thiab nqus ntshav.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy feem ntau dhau los ntawm cov tsev neeg (pub rau hauv keeb kwm). Nws yog kev xav los ntawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov noob caj dab uas tswj cov leeg kev loj hlob.

Cov neeg hluas hnub nyoog yau dua muaj feem ntau ua mob hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej pom rau cov neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog.

Qee cov neeg uas muaj lub mob yuav tsis muaj cov tsos mob. Tej zaum lawv yuav xub pom tias lawv muaj qhov teeb meem thaum tab tom kuaj mob.

Hauv ntau cov neeg hluas cov laus, thawj cov tsos mob ntawm hypertrophic cardiomyopathy yog cia li vau thiab tuag taus. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau los ntawm lub siab tsis txaus siab lub plawv rwjms (arrhythmias). Nws kuj yuav yog qhov txhaws ntxiv uas tiv thaiv kom ntshav tawm ntawm lub plawv mus rau lub cev tas.

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim suav nrog:

• Kev mob hauv siab
• Kiv taub hau
• Tsaus muag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum qoj ib ce
• Nkees
• Lub teeb taws me me, tshwj xeeb nrog lossis tom qab ua si lossis qoj ib ce
• Hnov qhov hnov ​​lub plawv khiav nrawm lossis nrawm (palpitations)
• Ua tsis taus pa nrog kev ua si lossis tom qab pw (los yog pw tsaug zog ib pliag)

Tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav ua ib qho kev kuaj mob lub cev thiab mloog lub plawv thiab lub ntsws nrog lub stethoscope. Cov cim tej zaum yuav muaj:

• Lub plawv tsis txawv suab lossis lub plawv yws. Cov suab no yuav hloov nrog lub cev sib txawv.
• Ntshav siab.

Cov mem tes hauv koj txhais tes thiab caj dab kuj tseem yuav kuaj xyuas. Tus kws kho mob yuav hnov ​​mob plawv hauv plawv hauv siab.

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas siv los kuaj mob lub plawv ua kom ntshav tuab, muaj teeb meem nrog ntshav khiav mus los, los yog xau hlab plawv (mitral valve regurgitation) yuav suav nrog:

• Echocardiography
• ECG
• 24-teev Holter saib (lub plawv ntsuas rawv)
• Txoj Kev Ntshaw Mob
• Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob xoo
• MRI ntawm lub plawv
• CT scan ntawm lub plawv
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)

Yuav kuaj ntshav ntxiv los tswj lwm cov kab mob.

Cov neeg nyob ze tsev neeg ntawm cov neeg uas tau hais tias yog cov kab mob plawv mob ntshav siab tuaj yeem raug kuaj xyuas tus mob no.

Yuav tsum ua raws nraim li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia txog kev tawm dag zog yog tias koj mob hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Lawv yuav qhia koj kom tsis txhob ua kev tawm dag zog. Thiab, mus ntsib koj tus kws khomob kom kuaj mob raws sijhawm.

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob, koj yuav xav tau cov tshuaj xws li beta-blockers thiab calcium channel blockers kom pab lub plawv ua haujlwm thiab so kom txaus. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem daws lub hauv siab lossis txog siav thaum qoj ib ce.

Cov neeg mob arrhythmias tej zaum yuav xav tau kev kho mob, xws li:

• Tshuaj kho mob kho qhov mob txawv txav.
• Ntshav ua haujlwm kom txo tau cov ntshav txhaws (yog tias tus mob arrhythmia vim yog atrial fibrillation).
• Tus tswj xyuas lub plawv dhia tuaj yeem tswj hwm lub plawv dhia.
• Kev cog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau paub lub plawv kom ua lub plawv tsis zoo thiab xa cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los nres lawv. Qee zaum defibrillator muab tso rau, txawm tias tus neeg mob tsis muaj lub cev tsis ncaj ncees tab sis muaj kev pheej hmoo siab heev rau lub cev tuag tsis xws luag (piv txwv li, yog tias lub plawv mob hnyav heev lossis tsis muaj zog, lossis tus neeg mob muaj tus txheeb ze uas tau tuag tam sim ntawd).

Thaum cov ntshav ntws tawm ntawm lub plawv raug mob heev, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem ua rau hnyav. Kev ua haujlwm hu ua phais mob phais neeg ua haujlwm tau tiav. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tib neeg yuav raug txhaj tshuaj cawv rau hauv cov hlab ntsha uas pub qhov nqaij tuab ntawm lub plawv (cawv septal ablation). Cov neeg uas muaj cov txheej txheem no feem ntau qhia ntau txhim kho.

Koj yuav tsum muaj kev phais txhawm rau txhawm rau kho lub plawv kho hniav lub ntsej muag yog tias nws dhau los.

Qee tus neeg mob hypertrophic cardiomyopathy tej zaum yuav tsis muaj tsos mob thiab yuav muaj sia ntev mus. Lwm tus yuav loj tuaj qeeb lossis qeeb. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tus mob yuav pib loj hlob mus rau qhov mob plawv cardiomyopathy.

Cov neeg mob hypertrophic cardiomyopathy muaj kev pheej hmoo sai sai dua li cov neeg uas tsis muaj mob. Kev tuag sai sai tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum tseem me.

Muaj ntau hom hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, uas muaj kev sib txawv. Qhov tsis pom yuav zoo dua thaum tus kab mob tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus lossis thaum muaj ib tus qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tuab hauv cov leeg plawv.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy yog qhov paub zoo tias ua rau muaj kev tuag sai sai hauv cov neeg ncaws pob. Yuav luag ib nrab ntawm cov neeg tuag vim qhov xwm txheej no tshwm sim thaum lossis tom qab qee yam kev tawm dag zog.

Hu rau koj tus kws khomob yog:

• Koj muaj cov tsos mob hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
• Koj mob hauv siab, mob siab, tsaus muag, lossis lwm yam mob tshiab lossis tsis pom.

Cardiomyopathy - hypertrophic (HCM); IHSS; Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis; Asymmetric septal hypertrophy; ASH; HOCM; Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

• Lub Plawv - seem ntawm ntu nruab nrab
• Plawv - saib ua ntej
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Maron BJ, Maron MS, Olivotto I. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hauv: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Plawv Lub Plawv: Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Tshuaj Mob plawvCov. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 78.

McKenna WJ, Elliott PM. Cov kab mob ntawm myocardium thiab endocardium. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 54.