Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis, qee zaum hu ua "tawv ntawm cov hlab ntsha," tshwm sim thaum rog, cov roj cholesterol, thiab lwm yam khoom tsim ua rau phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Cov nyiaj khaws no hu ua plaques. Ua haujlwm dhau sijhawm, cov plahaum no tuaj yeem nqaim lossis thaiv tag nrho cov hlab ntsha thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem thoob plaws lub cev.

Atherosclerosis yog ib qho kev mob siab dua.

Atherosclerosis feem ntau tshwm sim nrog kev laus. Raws li koj loj dua qub, cov quav hniav buildup nqaim koj cov hlab ntsha thiab ua rau lawv cov leeg tsis quav ntsej. Cov kev hloov pauv no ua rau nws cov ntshav khiav dhau ntawm lawv.

Cov ntshav khov ua tau rau hauv cov hlab ntsha nqaim thiab thaiv kev ntshav. Cov nplais ntawm cov quav hniav kuj tuaj yeem ua rau tawg thiab txav mus rau cov ntshav me me, tiv thaiv lawv.

Cov kev txwv no tshaib plab ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov pa oxygen. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua kev puas tsuaj lossis nqaij tuag. Nws yog qhov nquag ua rau lub plawv nres thiab mob stroke.

Cov ntshav siab hauv cov ntshav siab tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg ntshav ntawm lub hnub nyoog yau.

Rau ntau tus neeg, cov roj (cholesterol) siab yog vim cov khoom noj muaj roj ntau dhau hauv cov rog thiab trans nqaijrog.

Lwm yam uas tuaj yeem pab ua rau cov leeg ntshav khov yog:

• Mob ntshav qab zib
• Tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm ntawm lub cev tawv khov
• Ntshav siab
• Tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog
• Los thawj lossis rog dhau
• Haus Yeeb

Atherosclerosis tsis ua rau mob tshwm sim kom txog rau thaum cov ntshav ntws mus rau ib qho ntawm lub cev tau qeeb los yog txhaws.

Yog tias cov hlab ntsha muab kev pabcuam rau lub plawv ua nqaim, cov ntshav ntws tuaj yeem qeeb lossis nres. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub hauv siab (mob caj pas ruaj khov), ua tsis taus pa, thiab lwm yam tsos mob.

Txoj hlab ntsha nqaim los yog txhaws tej zaum kuj tseem yuav ua teeb meem hauv txoj hnyuv, raum, ceg, thiab lub hlwb.

Tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav kuaj mob lub cev thiab mloog lub plawv thiab lub ntsws nrog lub stethoscope. Atherosclerosis tuaj yeem tsim lub suab nrov (nrov) los ntawm lub leeg ntshav.

Txhua tus neeg laus hnub nyoog 18 xyoos yuav tsum kuaj ntshav txhua xyoo. Yuav tsum tau ntsuas ntau dua rau cov uas muaj keeb kwm txog ntshav siab nyeem ntawv lossis cov uas muaj feem yuav muaj ntshav siab.

Kev ntsuam xyuas roj (cholesterol) yog qhov zoo rau txhua tus neeg laus. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv tebchaws txawv ntawm cov hnub nyoog tau hais kom pib sim.

• Kev kuaj yuav tsum pib txij hnub nyoog 20 txog 35 rau tus txiv neej thiab hnub nyoog 20 txog 45 rau cov poj niam.
• Rov kuaj dua tsis tas yuav muaj tsib xyoos rau cov neeg laus feem ntau uas muaj cov roj cholesterol siab zoo.
• Rov kuaj dua tej zaum yuav xav tau yog tias muaj kev pauv hauv lub neej, xws li qhov hnyav nce lossis cov khoom noj hloov.
• Yuav tsum tau kuaj ntau dua rau cov neeg laus uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm cov rog hauv siab, mob ntshav qab zib, mob raum, mob plawv, mob hlab ntsha tawg, thiab lwm yam mob

Yuav siv ntau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas cov duab saib seb cov ntshav txav mus los ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha li cas.

• Doppler kev ntsuam xyuas uas siv ultrasound lossis suab tsis
• Magnetic resonance arteriography (MRA), ib hom MRI tshwj xeeb
• Cov xoo tshwj xeeb hu ua CT angiography
• Arteriograms lossis angiography uas siv xoo hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv sib piv (qee zaus hu ua "zas xim") txhawm rau pom txoj kev ntawm ntshav txaus hauv cov hlab ntsha

Kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ua neej yuav txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm atherosclerosis. Tej yam koj tuaj yeem ua muaj xws li:

• Tso kev haus luam yeeb: Qhov no yog tib qho tseem ceeb tshaj uas koj tuaj yeem ua los txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv thiab mob stroke.
• Zam cov zaub mov ua muaj roj: Noj zaub mov zoo kom lub cev muaj roj thiab roj cholesterol. Nqa ob peb qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub txhua hnub. Ntxiv cov ntses rau koj cov zaub mov kom tsawg kawg ob zaug hauv ib lub lim tiam yuav pab tau. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob noj khoom kib.
• Txwv txiav koj haus cawv ntau npaum li cas: Cov kev txwv pom zoo yog haus ib hnub rau cov poj niam, ob hnub ib hnub rau cov txiv neej.
• Qoj ib ce tawm dag zog ib txwm muaj: Kev tawm dag zog nrog kev tawm dag zog hnyav (xws li taug kev ceev ceev) 5 hnub hauv ib lub lis piam rau 30 feeb hauv ib hnub yog tias koj lub cev noj qab nyob zoo. Rau kev ua kom yuag, ua si kom ntev li 60 txog 90 feeb ib hnub. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej pib txoj kev tawm dag zog tshiab, tshwj xeeb yog koj tau kuaj pom tias koj muaj kab mob plawv lossis koj puas tau muaj lub plawv nres.

Yog tias koj cov ntshav siab nws siab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj txo nws thiab tswj nws.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob yog los txo koj cov ntshav siab kom koj thiaj li muaj feem tsawg dua ntawm cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv tshwm sim los ntawm ntshav siab. Koj thiab koj tus kws khomob yuav tsum npaj lub hom phiaj ntshav siab rau koj.

• Tsis txhob tsum los sis hloov pauv cov tshuaj muaj ntshav siab yam tsis tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav kom koj noj tshuaj rau qib roj uas txhaws txawv los yog ntshav siab yog tias txoj kev pauv hauv lub neej tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov no yuav cia siab rau:

• Koj lub hnub nyoog
• Cov tshuaj koj noj
• Koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phiv los ntawm cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm
• Txawm hais tias koj muaj kab mob hauv lub plawv lossis lwm yam teeb meem ntshav txaus
• Seb koj haus luam yeeb lossis rog dhau
• Txawm hais tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib lossis lwm yam kev phom sij los ntawm lub siab
• Txawm hais tias koj muaj lwm yam teeb meem kev kho mob, xws li mob raum

Koj tus kws khomob yuav hais kom noj cov tshuaj aspirin lossis lwm yam tshuaj los pab tiv thaiv kom cov ntshav txhaws tsis txhob los ntshav hauv koj cov hlab ntsha. Cov tshuaj no yog hu ua tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. TSIS TXHOB noj cov tshuaj aspirin yam tsis tas tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob.

Kev poob phaus yog tias koj rog dhau thiab txo cov ntshav qab zib yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav qab zib ua ntej tuaj yeem pab txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab thaum nws tau tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua neej hloov pauv thiab kho cov qib roj cholesterol siab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los yog qeeb cov txheej txheem kom tsis txhob dhau los. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txo qhov pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob plawv thiab mob stroke vim atherosclerosis.

Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov quav hniav yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem uas ua rau lub zog ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov leeg ntshav tsis muaj zog. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub su hauv cov leeg ntshav hu ua aneurysm. Aneurysms tuaj yeem qhib qhib (tawg). Qhov no ua rau cov ntshav los uas yuav tsim kev tuag taus.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha; Arteriosclerosis; Cov quav hniav buildup - txog hlab ntsha; Hyperlipidemia - atherosclerosis; Roj Cholesterol - atherosclerosis

• Kho lub plab anortic aneurysm kho - qhib - kev tso tawm
• Aortic aneurysm kho - endovascular - paug
• Cov tshuaj aspirin thiab kab mob plawv
• Lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm - tso tawm
• Lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm - yuav tsum nug koj tus kws kho mob li cas
• Ntshav siab - yuav tau nug dab tsi ntawm koj tus kws kho mob
• Ntshav qab zib Hom 2 - dab tsi yuav nug koj tus kws kho mob

• Carotid stenosis - X-ray ntawm sab laug leeg
• Carotid stenosis - X-ray ntawm txoj leeg leeg
• Tshab pom ntawm atherosclerosis
• Kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv
• Kev loj hlob txoj kev ntawm atherosclerosis
• Angina
• Atherosclerosis
• Cov roj khov tsim
• Lub cev muaj ntshav txhaws zais pa angioplasty - series

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Kev Pabcuam Tiv Thaiv Pab Pawg Meskas lub vev xaib. Cov lus pom zoo kawg: kev siv statin rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv rau cov neeg laus: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Muab kho thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 13, 2016. Nkag mus Lub Ib Hlis 28, 2020. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RavationationStatementFinal/statin-use-in-adults-preventive-medication1.

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