Hlawv

Kev kub nyhiab feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib kis ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj nrog cua sov, hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob, lossis tshuaj tua kab mob. Kev kub nyhiab tuaj yeem ua rau tuag ntawm tes, uas tuaj yeem xav tau pw hauv tsev kho mob thiab tuaj yeem ua rau neeg tuag taus.

Muaj peb theem ntawm hlawv:

• Kev kub nyuag thawj-cuam tshuam tsuas yog txheej sab nraud ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lawv ua rau mob, liab thiab o.
• Thib ob-degree cuam tshuam rau ob txheej sab nraud thiab hauv qab ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lawv ua rau mob, liab, o, thiab tawm hlwv. Lawv kuj raug hu ua ib nrab ntawm cov roj hlawv.
• Thib peb-degree hlawv cov cuam tshuam rau tob txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lawv kuj raug hu ua kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuab tuab. Lawv ua rau tawv nqaij dawb lossis blackened, hlawv roj. Cov tawv nqaij yuav loog.

Lub cev kub hnyiab ua ob pawg.

Raug mob me yog:

• Thawj degree hlawv txhua qhov ntawm lub cev
• Qhov kev kawm thib ob hlawv tsawg dua 2 txog 3 ntiv (5 txog 7.5 centimeters) dav

Kev kub nyhiab loj xws li:

• Thib peb-degree hlawv
• Qhov thib ob-degree hlawv ntau dua 2 txog 3 ntiv (5 txog 7,5 centimeters) dav
• Thib ob feem ntau kub hnyiab rau ntawm txhais tes, taw, ntsej muag, puab tais, pob tw, lossis dua tus txha loj

Koj tuaj yeem muaj ntau dua ib hom kev hlawv ib zaug.

Kev kub nyhiab loj yuav tsum tau kev kho mob sai. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kev txaij, xiam oob qhab, thiab deformity.

Kev kub nyhiab ntawm lub ntsej muag, txhais tes, ko taw, thiab ntawm chaw mos yuav ua tau mob tshwj xeeb.

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 4 xyoos thiab cov laus hnub nyoog 60 xyoo muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntau dua thiab tuag los ntawm kev kub nyhiab vim tias lawv cov tawv nqaij ua rau nyias nyias dua li lwm pawg.

Cov ua rau kub hnyiab los ntawm feem ntau yam tsawg kawg yog:

• Hluav taws / nplaim taws
• Scalding los ntawm chav lossis kua dej kub
• Sib kov cov khoom kub
• Hluav taws xob hlawv
• Tshuaj lom neeg hlawv

Kev kub nyhiab tuaj yeem yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho hauv qab no:

• Lub tsev thiab hluav taws kev lag luam
• Tsheb xwm txheej
• Ua si nrog ntais ntawv
• Txhaum qhov chaw ua cua sov, qhov cub, lossis cov khoom siv khoom lag luam
• Tsis siv hluav taws thiab lwm yam lub cub tawg
• Cov xwm txheej hauv chav ua noj, xws li tus menyuam yaus xuas pob zeb ua kub lossis kov qhov cub lossis qhov cub

Koj tuaj yeem hlawv koj cov hlab pa yog koj ua pa pa taws, pa taws, nqus pa, lossis pa tshuaj lom hauv thaj chaw ua pa tsis zoo.

Cov tsos mob kub hnyiab tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Cov hlwv uas ua kom tsis so (tsis khov) lossis mob ua paug thiab muaj dej tawm tuaj.
• Mob - Qhov mob mob koj npaum li cas tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog theem ntawm kev hlawv. Txoj kev kub nyhiab tshaj plaws yuav tsis muaj mob.
• Peeling tawv nqaij.
• Poob siab - Saib rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij daj thiab nplaum, tsis muaj zog, daim di ncauj xiav thiab cov rau tes, thiab txo qis ntawm qhov muaj qhov paub tab.
• O o.
• Liab, dawb, lossis charred tawv nqaij.

Tej zaum koj yuav ua pa pa taws yog tias koj muaj:

• Kub taub hau, ntsej muag, caj dab, plaub muag, lossis plaub mos ntswg
• Hlawv daim di ncauj thiab qhov ncauj
• Hnoos
• Ua pa nyuaj
• Tsaus, xim dub los sis hnoos qeev
• Lub suab hloov
• Hawb pob

Ua ntej muab kev pabcuam ua ntej, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab txog hom kev hlawv tus neeg muaj. Yog tias koj tsis paub meej, kho nws kom yog qhov mob loj. Kev kub nyhiab loj yuav tsum tau txais kev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Hu rau koj tus npawb xov tooj thaum muaj xwm ceev lossis 911.

Npaum li cas me me

Yog daim tawv tsis dhuav:

• Tso dej txias rau thaj tsam ntawm hlawv lossis tsau nws hauv dej da dej txias (tsis yog dej khov). Khaws thaj chaw hauv qab dej kom tsawg li 5 txog 30 feeb. Ib txoj phuam huv, txias thiab ntub yuav pab txo qhov mob.
• Tus siab tus thiab ua kom zoo.
• Tom qab yaug lossis so qhov cub, npog nws nrog qhuav, kom tsis muaj kab xev lossis hnav khaub ncaws huv.
• Tiv thaiv qhov kub hnyiab los ntawm kev kub siab thiab txhuam.
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ibuprofen los yog acetaminophen yuav pab tau kom mob thiab o tuaj. TSIS TXHOB muab cov tshuaj aspirin rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12.
• Thaum cov tawv nqaij txias tas, cov tshuaj lotion uas muaj paam dlev thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab tau.

Cov mob me me yuav feem ntau zoo yam uas tsis tas kho ntxiv. Nco ntsoov tias tus neeg no tau mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv mob kab xeb.

MAJOR BURNS

Yog tias muaj neeg kub hnyiab, qhia tus neeg kom nres, poob thiab yob. Tom qab ntawv, ua raws cov kauj ruam no:

• Qhwv tus neeg ua khoom tuab; xws li ntaub plaub tsiaj lossis paj rwb khi, ntaub pua rooj, lossis daim pam. Qhov no yuav pab tso tawm cov nplaim taws.
• Tso dej rau tus neeg.
• Hu 911 lossis koj tus lej kub ceev hauv ib cheeb tsam.
• Nco ntsoov tias tus neeg tsis kov cov khoom kub hnyiab lossis haus luam yeeb.
• TSIS TXHOB hle cov khaub ncaws hlawv uas tawv tawv nqaij.
• Nco ntsoov tias tus neeg ua pa. Yog tsim nyog, pib ua pa cawm siav thiab CPR.
• Npog qhov chaw hlawv nrog cov ntaub qhwv qhuav huv (yog tias muaj) lossis daim ntaub huv. Ib daim ntawv yuav ua yog thaj chaw hlawv. Tsis txhob pleev cov tshuaj pleev ib yam li. Zam Txhaum qhov hlawv cov hlwv.
• Yog tias cov ntiv tes lossis ntiv taw tau raug hlawv, cais lawv nrog cov ntaub qhwv qhuav, kom huv thiab huv.
• Tsa lub cev feem uas kub hnyiab siab tshaj theem qib ntawm lub siab.
• Tiv thaiv thaj chaw hlawv ntawm kev kub siab thiab txhuam.
• Yog hais tias qhov hluav taws xob raug mob tau ua rau qhov kub nyhiab, TSIS TXHOB kov tus neeg mob ncaj qha. Siv cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau los cais tus neeg kom nyob deb ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob ua ntej pib kev pabcuam thawj zaug.

Koj tseem yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kev poob siab. Yog tias tus neeg tsis muaj taub hau, caj dab, nraub qaum, lossis ceg mob, ua raws li cov theem hauv qab no:

• Pw tus neeg ca li
• Tsa ob txhais taw li 12 ntiv taw (30 centimeters)
• Npog tus neeg nrog lub tsho loj lossis daim pam

Kav tsij tshuaj xyuas tus neeg lub plawv dhia, tus neeg ua pa, thiab ntshav siab kom txog thaum pab kho mob tuaj.

Tej yam uas yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau kev kub hnyiab suav nrog:

• TSIS TXHOB thov roj, butter, dej khov, tshuaj, qab zib, tshuaj tsuag roj, lossis ib qho tshuaj twg hauv tsev rau qhov kub nyhiab loj.
• TSIS TXHOB ua pa, tshuab tawm, lossis hnoos ntawm lub qhov cub.
• TSIS TXHOB chwv qhov blistered lossis tawv nqaij tuag.
• TSIS TXHOB hle cov ris tsho uas tawv rau ntawm daim tawv.
• TSIS TXHOB muab tus neeg ntawm qhov ncauj yog hais tias muaj qhov mob hnyav.
• TSIS TXHOB muab pov rau hauv qhov dej txias. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau poob siab.
• TSIS TXHOB muab tog hauv ncoo tso rau hauv tus neeg ntawd lub taub hau yog tias nws txoj hlab pa hlawv. Qhov no tuaj yeem kaw lawv txoj hlab pa.

Hu 911 lossis tus npawb xov tooj thaum muaj xwm ceev yog tias:

• Lub hlawv yog loj heev, hais txog qhov loj me ntawm koj xib teg lossis loj dua.
• Qhov mob hnyav yog qhov hnyav (qib peb).
• Koj tsis paub tias nws loj npaum li cas.
• Qhov hluav taws kub yog tshwm sim los ntawm tshuaj lossis hluav taws xob.
• Tus neeg qhia pom kev poob siab.
• Tus neeg nqus pa.
• Kev tsim txom lub cev yog qhov paub lossis xav tias yog qhov ua rau hlawv.
• Muaj lwm cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog hlawv.

Txog kev raug mob me, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj tseem hnov ​​mob tom qab 48 teev.

Hu rau tus kws kho mob sai li sai tau yog tias pom muaj tus kab mob. Cov phiajcim no suav nrog:

• Ntws dej lossis paug tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij hlawv
• Ua npaws
• Muaj mob zuj zus
• Kab liab kis los ntawm qhov hlawv
• O o cov qog ntshav

Hu rau tus kws kho mob sai li sai tau yog tias pom lub cev qhuav dej nrog qhov kub:

• Kev tso zis tsawg dua
• Kiv taub hau
• Qhuav ntawm daim tawv nqaij
• Mob taub hau
• Lub Cim Txhab Zog
• Xeev siab (nrog lossis ntuav)
• Tubneeb

Cov menyuam yaus, cov neeg laus dua, thiab ib tug neeg uas muaj kab mob hauv lub cev tsis muaj zog (piv txwv li, los ntawm HIV) yuav tsum mus ntsib nws tam sim ntawd.

Tus kws zov me nyuam yuav ua keeb kwm thiab kuaj lub cev. Kev ntsuam xyuas thiab cov txheej txheem yuav ua tiav raws li qhov xav tau.

Cov no suav nrog:

• Kev pab txhawb kev ua pa thiab ua pa, suav nrog lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag, lub raj xa dej ntawm lub qhov ncauj mus rau hauv lub cev, lossis tshuab ua pa (tshuab ua pa) rau kev kub hnyiab lossis cov neeg muaj lub ntsej muag lossis lub tshuab ua pa
• Kuaj ntshav thiab zis yog tias poob siab lossis lwm yam kev mob siab tshwm sim
• Xaj hluav taws xob xoo rau lub ntsej muag lossis cua ua pa hlawv
• ECG (electrocardiogram, lossis lub plawv mob), yog tias poob siab lossis lwm yam kev cuam tshuam
• Tso dej rau hauv lub cev (tso dej raws txoj hlab ntshav), yog tias poob siab lossis lwm yam kev cuam tshuam
• Tshuaj noj rau qhov mob daws mob thiab kom tus kab mob sib kis
• Tshuaj pleev lossis pleev pleev rau thaj chaw hlawv
• Kab xeb txhaj tiv thaiv kab mob, yog tias tsis muaj tshaj

Qhov tshwm sim yuav ua raws li hom (qib), qhov ntev thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub hlawv. Nws kuj yog nyob ntawm seb cov khoom hauv nruab nrog tau muaj cuam tshuam, thiab yog tias muaj lwm yam kev mob. Kev kub nyhiab tuaj yeem tawm qhov nti nti tas mus li. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem xav paub txog qhov kub thiab txias thiab txias dua li ib txwm tawv nqaij. Cov chaw rhiab, xws li lub qhov muag, qhov ntswg, lossis pob ntseg, tej zaum yuav raug mob hnyav thiab tau ua tsis tau zoo li qub.

Nrog rau qhov ua pa kub hnyiab, tus neeg tej zaum yuav muaj peev xwm ua pa tsawg dua thiab ua rau lub ntsws puas. Kev kub nyhiab heev uas cuam tshuam rau cov pob qij txha tuaj yeem ua tiav kev cog lus, tawm qhov kev sib koom tes nrog kev txav qis thiab kev ua haujlwm txo.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kub nyhiab:

• Nruab cov tswb txhom pa hluav taws hauv koj lub tsev. Tshawb xyuas thiab hloov roj teeb tsis tu ncua.
• Qhia cov menyuam txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws thiab txaus ntshai ntawm cov ntais ntawv thiab cov foob pob hluav taws.
• Txwv kom menyuam nce siab saum qhov cub lossis muab khoom noj kub xws li pas dej thiab qhov rooj cub.
• Tig cov tes lauj kaub mus rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub qhov cub kom menyuam yaus tsis tuaj yeem tuav lawv thiab lawv tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem raug tub sab.
• Tso cov tua hluav taws tso rau hauv cov chaw tseem ceeb hauv tsev, chaw ua haujlwm thiab tsev kawm ntawv.
• Tshem cov xov hluav taws xob hauv cov plag tsev thiab ua kom lawv tsis ncav cuag.
• Paub txog thiab xyaum cov kev khiav tawm hauv tsev, ua haujlwm thiab tsev kawm ntawv.
• Teem lub taub rhaub dej kub ntawm 120 ° F (48.8 ° C) lossis tsawg dua.

Thawj degree hlawv; Thib ob degree hlawv; Thib peb kawm ntawv hlawv

• Hlawv
• Hlawv, hlwv - ze-ze
• Hlawv, cua sov - ze-txog
• Cov hlab pa hlawv
• Daim tawv nqaij
• Thawj degree hlawv
• Thib ob degree hlawv
• Thib peb kawm ntawv hlawv
• Me hlawv - pab ua ntej - series

Christiani DC. Lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg lub ntsws. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: tshooj 94.

Singer AJ, Lee CC. Thermal kub hnyiab. Hauv: Phab Ntsa RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Cov Tshuaj Siv Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Cov Ntsiab Lus thiab Kev Siv TshuajCov. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 56.

Voigt CD, Celis M, Voigt DW. Kev saib xyuas ntawm cov mob sab nraud. Hauv: Herndon DN, ed. Kev Pabcuam Tag NrhoCov. Thib 5 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 6.