Tub Ntsaug Tshuaj Ntsuam

Zoo Siab

• Kev kuaj mob ntsws qhuav (TB) yog dab tsi?
• Nws siv rau dab tsi?
• Vim Li Cas Kuv Thiaj Yuav Tsum Tshuaj Xyuas TB?
• Yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum kuaj TB?
• Kuv puas yuav tau ua ib yam dab tsi txhawm rau npaj rau qhov kev xeem?
• Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev kuaj?
• Cov txiaj ntsig li cas?
• Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv xav paub txog tshuaj txhaws mob TB?
• Ua tim khawv

Kev kuaj mob ntsws qhuav (TB) yog dab tsi?

Qhov tshuaj ntsuam no yog tshuaj xyuas seb koj puas tau kis mob ntsws (tuberculosis), feem ntau hu ua TB. TB yog ib hom mob hnyav heev uas feem ntau ua mob rau lub ntsws. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lwm qhov ntawm lub cev, suav nrog lub hlwb, nqaj qaum, thiab lub raum. TB kis tau ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus los ntawm kev hnoos lossis txham.

Tsis yog txhua tus neeg kis tus kab mob TB muaj mob. Qee cov neeg muaj daim ntawv tsis muaj tus kab mob hu ua mob latent TBCov. Thaum koj muaj mob ntsws latent, koj tsis hnov ​​mob thiab tsis tuaj yeem kis tus kab mob mus rau lwm tus.

Coob tus neeg uas mob latent TB yuav tsis hnov ​​mob li cas txog tus mob. Tab sis rau lwm tus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj lossis txhim kho cov tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, tus kab mob ntsws (latent TB) yuav dhau mus ua kev sib kis mob uas txaus ntshai heev nquag muaj TBCov. Yog tias koj muaj TB ua mob, koj yuav hnov ​​mob heev. Koj tseem yuav kis tau tus kabmob rau lwm tus neeg. Yog tias tsis kho, kev mob TB huam tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav lossis tuag taus.

Muaj ob txoj kev kuaj TB siv rau kev soj ntsuam: kev sim tawv nqaij rau tus kab mob TB thiab kuaj ntshav rau tus kab mob TB. Cov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem qhia pom yog tias koj tau kis mob TB. Lawv tsis qhia yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob latent lossis dhia ua mob TB. Yuav tsum muaj ntau qhov kev kuaj mob ntxiv kom paub meej lossis txiav txim tawm ntawm kev kuaj mob.

Lwm lub npe: kuaj ntsws, kuaj tawv nqaij TB, kuaj PPD, IGRA test

Nws siv rau dab tsi?

Kev tshuaj ntsuam tus kab mob TB yog siv los nrhiav kev kis tus kab mob TB hauv daim tawv nqaij lossis ntshav. Kev kuaj mob tuaj yeem qhia seb koj puas tau kis mob TB. Nws tsis qhia yog tias TB muaj mob lossis ploj lawm.

Vim Li Cas Kuv Thiaj Yuav Tsum Tshuaj Xyuas TB?

Tej zaum koj yuav xav sim tshuaj tawv nqaij TB lossis kuaj ntshav rau tus kab mob TB yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob kis tus mob TB lossis koj muaj qee yam uas ua rau koj muaj feem yuav kis tus kab mob TB ntau dua.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob active TB muaj xws li:

• Hnoos hnoos uas ntev li peb lub lis piam lossis ntev dua
• Kev hnoos ntshav
• Kev mob hauv siab
• Ua npaws
• Nkees
• Hmo ntuj tawm hws
• Kev yuag yuag uas tsis yoo

Ib qho ntxiv, qee lub chaw zov menyuam thiab lwm qhov chaw xav tau kev sim TB rau kev ua haujlwm.

Yog koj:

• Puas yog ib tus neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv uas saib xyuas cov neeg mob uas muaj lossis muaj feem pheej hmoo yuav ua mob ntsws TB
• Nyob lossis chaw ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw muaj tus mob TB siab. Cov no suav nrog cov tsev tsis muaj tsev nyob, tsev laus, thiab tsev loj cuj.
• Tau mus kis rau ib tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob active TB
• Muaj tus kab mob HIV lossis lwm yam kab mob uas ua rau koj lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv
• Siv cov tshuaj txhaum cai
• Tau taug kev los yog nyob hauv thaj chaw uas muaj tus mob TB ntau.Cov no suav nrog lub tebchaws hauv Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, Latin America, thiab Caribbean, thiab hauv tebchaws Russia.

Yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum kuaj TB?

Kev kuaj ntshav rau TB yuav yog kev sim tshuaj tawv nqaij TB lossis kuaj ntshav rau tus kab mob TB. Kev sim tshuaj rau daim tawv nqaij yog siv ntau dua, tab sis kev kuaj ntshav rau tus kab mob TB yog qhov muaj ntau. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia seb hom ntshav twg zoo tshaj rau koj.

Txog kev sim kab mob ntsws rau tawv nqaij (tseem hu ua kev sim PPD), koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib koj tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ob chav lis haujlwm. Thawj zaug tuaj ntsib, koj tus kws khomob yuav:

• So koj sab caj npab nrog tshuaj tua kab mob
• Siv ib rab koob me me txhaj ib qho me me ntawm PPD hauv qab thawj txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij. PPD yog cov protein ua tawm los ntawm cov kab mob ntsws. Nws tsis yog kab mob nyob, thiab nws yuav tsis ua rau koj muaj mob.
• Ib lub menyuam pob me yuav ua rau ntawm koj sab caj npab. Nws yuav tsum ploj mus nyob hauv ob peb teev.

Nco ntsoov tias qhov chaw tawm thiab tsis muaj qhov xav tau.

Tom qab 48-72 teev, koj yuav rov qab mus rau koj lub chaw pabcuam. Thaum mus ntsib, koj tus kws khomob yuav kuaj xyuas lub chaw txhaj tshuaj rau qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas qhia tau tias muaj kabmob TB. Qhov no suav nrog qhov o, liab, thiab nce ntxiv hauv qhov loj.

Txog rau kev kuaj ntshav rau tus kab mob TB (tseem hu ua kev ntsuas IGRA), tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav nqa ntshav los ntawm txoj hlab ntshav hauv koj txhais caj npab, siv rab koob me me. Tom qab cov koob raug tso nkag, cov ntshav me me yuav raug sau rau hauv lub khob kuaj lossis vial. Koj tuaj yeem hnov ​​me ntsis thaum cov koob nkag mus lossis tawm. Qhov no feem ntau yuav siv sijhawm tsawg dua tsib feeb.

Kuv puas yuav tau ua ib yam dab tsi txhawm rau npaj rau qhov kev xeem?

Koj tsis muaj kev npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev kuaj tawv nqaij TB lossis kuaj ntshav rau tus kab mob TB.

Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev kuaj?

Qhov uas yuav kuaj ntshav daim tawv nqaij ntshav lossis kuaj ntshav muaj feem me me yuav muaj feem tsawg. Txog kev sim tawv nqaij rau tawv nqaij, koj yuav hnov ​​zoo li thaum koj mus txhaj.

Txheeb xyuas ntshav, koj yuav hnov ​​mob me lossis tsaus muag ntawm qhov chaw tso rab koob, tab sis feem ntau cov tsos mob ploj mus sai.

Cov txiaj ntsig li cas?

Yog tias koj mus kuaj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij TB los yog kuaj ntshav pom tias muaj mob ntsws TB, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kuaj ntxiv los pab kuaj mob. Koj tseem yuav raug soj ntsuam ntxiv yog tias koj cov txiaj ntsig tau tsis zoo, tab sis koj muaj cov tsos mob TB thiab / lossis muaj qee yam pheej hmoo ua rau TB. Kev kuaj mob uas kuaj pom tus mob TB xam cov duab xoo lub hauv siab thiab kuaj cov hnoos qeev. Hnoos qeev yog cov qog ua ntshav tuab hauv lub ntsws. Nws txawv dua qhov nti lossis qaub ncaug.

Yog tias tsis kho, TB tuaj yeem tuag taus. Tab sis feem ntau tus mob TB tuaj yeem kho tau yog tias koj noj tshuaj tua kab mob raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia. Yuav tsum kho cov mob ntsws TB uas ciaj thiab tuag tes tuag taw, vim tias tus kab mob ntsws (latent TB) yuav dhau mus ua TB tau thiab yuav kis tau.

Yog koj muaj lus nug txog koj cov txiaj ntsig, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham.

Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov kev sim hauv chaw soj ntsuam, cov chaw siv ntsuas, thiab nkag siab cov txiaj ntsig tau.

Puas muaj lwm yam ntxiv uas kuv xav paub txog tshuaj txhaws mob TB?

Kho kab mob TB yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua li kev kho mob lwm yam kev kis mob. Tom qab ob peb lub lim piam ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, koj yuav tsis kis tau, tab sis koj tseem yuav muaj TB. Txhawm rau kho kab mob TB, koj yuav tsum noj tshuaj tua kab mob tsawg kawg yog rau txog rau rau cuaj hlis. Lub sijhawm nyob ntawm koj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho, hnub nyoog, thiab lwm yam. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob kom ntev li ntev tau uas koj tus kws kho mob hais rau koj, txawm tias koj xis neej dua. Kev txiav ntxov yuav ua rau kis mob rov qab los.

Ua tim khawv

1. Koom Haum Koom Tes Asmeskas [Is Taws Nem]. Chicago: Lub Koom Haum Asmeskas Kev Sib Tw; c2018. Kev Kuaj Xyuas thiab Kho Cov Neeg Mob Tub Cawv [kho 2018 2018 Apr 2; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.lung.org/lung- health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/tuberculosis/diagnosing-and-treating-tuberculosis.html
2. Koom Haum Koom Tes Asmeskas [Is Taws Nem]. Chicago: Lub Koom Haum Asmeskas Kev Sib Tw; c2018. Tshuaj mob ntsws (TB) [tim 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.lung.org/lung- health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/tuberculosis
3. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Cov Ntawv Qhia Tseeb: Tuberculosis: Cov Lus Qhia Dav Dav [kho tshiab 2011 Oct 28; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/general/tb.htm
4. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Qhov Tseeb Tuberculosis: Kev sim tshuaj rau TB [kho tshiab 2016 Tsib 11; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factseries/skintest_eng.htm
5. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Tuberculosis: Cov cim thiab tsos mob [kho tshiab 2016 Mar 17; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/signsandsymhma.htm
6. Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob [Is Taws Nem]. Atlanta: Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Tuberculosis: Leej Twg Yuav Tsum Kuaj [kho 2016 2016 8; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/testing/whobetested.htm
7. Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas online [Internet]. Washington D.C: Koom Haum Asmeskas rau Chaw Kuaj Mob; c2001–2018. IGRA Kev Ntsuas Tus Kab Mob TB [kho tshiab 2018 Sep 13; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/igra-tb-test
8. Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas online [Internet]. Washington D.C: Koom Haum Asmeskas rau Chaw Kuaj Mob; c2001–2018. Hnoos qeev [kho tshiab 2017 Jul 10; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://labtestsonline.org/glossary/sputum
9. Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas online [Internet]. Washington D.C: Koom Haum Asmeskas rau Chaw Kuaj Mob; c2001–2018. Kev Ntsuas Cov tawv nqaij TB [kho tshiab 2018 Sep 13; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/tb-skin-test
10. Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas online [Internet]. Washington D.C: Koom Haum Asmeskas rau Chaw Kuaj Mob; c2001–2018. Tubercub [kho tshiab 2018 Sep 14; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://labtestsonline.org/conditions/tuberculosis
11. Mayo Clinic [Internet]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education thiab Tshawb Fawb; c1998–2018. Tuberculosis: Kev kuaj mob thiab kho mob; 2018 Lub Ib Hlis 4 [raug nplua 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 4 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351256
12. Mayo Clinic [Internet]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education thiab Tshawb Fawb; c1998–2018. Tuberculosis: Cov tsos mob thiab ua rau; 2018 Lub Ib Hlis 4 [raug nplua 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symcepts-causes/syc-20351250
13. Merck Los Ntawm Cov Neeg Siv Khoom Siv [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co., Inc .; c2018. Tshuaj mob ntsws (TB) [tim 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/tuberculosis-and-related-infections/tuberculosis-tb
14. Teb Chaws Lub Plawv, Lub Ntsws, thiab Koom Haum Ntshav [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Asmeskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg; Kuaj ntshav [cited 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 3 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
15. Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv UF: University of Florida Health [Is Taws Nem]. Gainesville (FL): University of Florida; c2018. PPD kuaj tawv nqaij: Daim ntawv qhia paub [tau hloov kho 2018 Oct 12; hais 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://ufhealth.org/ppd-skin-test
16. University of Rochester Medical Center [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Tsev kawm qib siab Rochester Medical Center; c2018. Cov Ntawv Teev Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Kev Tshuaj Ntsuas Tus Kab Mob TB (Tawv) [muab tawm 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=tb_screen_skin
17. University of Rochester Medical Center [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Tsev kawm qib siab Rochester Medical Center; c2018. Cov Ntawv Teev Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv: Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Tus Kab Mob TB (Tag Nrho Ntshav) [raug tshem tawm 2018 Oct 12]; [txog 2 ntxaij]. Muaj los ntawm: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=tb_screen_blood

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xaib no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv los hloov chaw kho mob lossis tswv yim kho mob. Hu rau kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.