Tus Sau: Lewis Jackson
Hnub Kev Tsim: 5 Tau 2021
Hloov Hnub: 17 Lub Kaum Ib Hli Ntuj 2024
Anonim
siab tsi tu neej thiaj liam tag 4/3/2022
Daim Duab: siab tsi tu neej thiaj liam tag 4/3/2022

Zoo Siab

Mob ntshav liab yog dab tsi?

Sickle cell anemia yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev yug los. Ntau yam muaj raws caj ces yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv lossis hloov pauv cov noob los ntawm koj niam, leej txiv, lossis ob leeg niam txiv.

Cov neeg mob qog ntshav ntshav muaj ntshav liab lub cev uas zoo li lub ntsws lossis mob qog. Qhov txawv txav no yog vim muaj qhov hloov tau hauv hemoglobin gene. Hemoglobin yog cov molecule nyob rau cov ntshav liab uas tso cai rau lawv xa oxygen mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg thoob koj lub cev.

Cov ntshav liab uas zoo li ntshav liab tuaj yeem tsim muaj ntau yam kev nyuaj. Vim tias lawv cov duab tsis xwm yeem, lawv tuaj yeem daig nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntshav, ua rau muaj cov tsos mob mob. Ib qho ntxiv, cov qe ntshav tuag sai dua li cov qe ntshav liab tshwj xeeb, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj ntshav khiav tawm.

Qee yam, tab sis tsis yog txhua yam, muaj raws caj ces tau muaj los ntawm niam txiv lossis ob leeg tib si. Sickle cell anemia yog ib qho ntawm cov kev mob no. Nws txoj qub txeeg qub teg yog autosomal recessive. Cov ntsiab lus no txhais li cas? Yuav ua li cas raws nraim li sickle cell anemia kis los ntawm niam txiv mus rau menyuam? Nyeem rau kom paub ntau ntxiv.


Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov noob thawj coj thiab cov txuas tawm?

Cov kws kho noob caj noob ces siv cov lus uas tseem ceeb thiab tsis koom siv tau los piav qhia txog qhov zoo li ntawm ib qho kev coj ua dhau los mus rau lwm tiam.

Koj muaj ob daim theej ntawm koj cov noob - ib daim los ntawm koj niam thiab ib daim los ntawm koj txiv. Txhua daim ntawv theej ntawm cov gene hu ua allele. Tej zaum koj yuav tau txais ib qho tseem ceeb los ntawm txhua tus niam txiv, ib qho chaw ua si ntawm niam txiv, lossis ib qho ntawm ib leeg.

Dominant alleles feem ntau override recessive alleles, li no lawv lub npe. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tau txais ib qho chaw ua si ntawm koj txiv thiab ib qho tseem ceeb los ntawm koj niam, koj feem ntau yuav pom tus cwj pwm cuam tshuam nrog tus cwj pwm zoo.

Txoj kev mob ntshav liab ntshav hauv ntshav ntshav yog nyob ntawm ib qho ntshav tsawg ntawm cov hemoglobin gene. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj yuav tsum muaj ob daim ntawv luam tawm ntawm cov chaw recessive allele - ib daim los ntawm koj niam thiab ib daim ntawv los ntawm koj txiv - kom muaj tus mob.

Cov tib neeg uas muaj ib qho tseem ceeb thiab ib daim ntawv thim rov qab ntawm allele yuav tsis muaj cov ntshav liab ntawm lub ntsej muag.


Puas yog sickle cell anemia autosomal lossis sib deev-txuas?

Lub Autosomal thiab poj niam txiv neej-txuas hais txog cov chromosome uas cov allele tam sim no nyob rau.

Txhua ntawm tes ntawm koj lub cev feem ntau muaj 23 khub ntawm cov keeb kwm caj dab. Tawm ntawm txhua tus khub, ib qho chromosome yog los ntawm niam thiab lwm los ntawm koj txiv.

Thawj 22 khub ntawm cov chromosomes raug xa mus rau autosomes thiab yog tib yam ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam.

Qhov khub khub kawg ntawm cov chromosomes yog hu ua kev sib deev chromosomes. Cov chromosomes sib txawv ntawm poj. Yog tias koj yog poj niam, koj tau txais X chromosome los ntawm koj niam thiab X chromosome los ntawm koj txiv. Yog tias koj yog txiv neej, koj tau txais X chromosome los ntawm koj niam thiab Y chromosome los ntawm koj txiv.

Qee qhov kev mob caj ces yog cov sib deev sib luag, txhais tau tias tus kabmob muaj tam sim no rau X lossis Y kev sib deev chromosome. Lwm tus yog autosomal, lub ntsiab lus hais tias allele yog tam sim no ntawm ib qho ntawm lub autosomes.

Tus kab mob cell anemia allele yog autosomal, txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem nrhiav ntawm ib qho ntawm 22 khub ntawm cov chromosomes, tab sis tsis yog ntawm X lossis Y chromosome.


Kuv yuav qhia tau li cas yog tias kuv yuav tso cov gene rau kuv tus menyuam?

Txhawm rau kom muaj mob rau cov ntshav liab, koj yuav tsum muaj ob daim ntawv luam ntawm cov kab mob qog hlwb. Tab sis dab tsi txog cov uas muaj ib daim ntawv luam xwb? Cov neeg no hu ua cov tsheb thauj khoom. Lawv tau hais tias yuav tsum tau mob caj dab hauv tes, tab sis tsis txhob muaj cov ntshav liab ntawm lub cev.

Cov tsheb thauj khoom muaj ib qho tseem ceeb allele thiab ib zaug tso tawm dej. Nco ntsoov tias, qhov zoo tshaj plaws feem ntau yuav hla dhau qhov rov ua kom zoo, yog li ntawd cov neeg nqa khoom feem ntau tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob. Tab sis lawv tseem tuaj yeem hla mus rau kev ua si zoo rau lawv cov menyuam.

Ntawm no yog ob peb qhov piv txwv qhia piv txwv yuav ua li cas qhov no yuav tshwm sim:

  • Txoj Kev Zaj 1. Ob leeg niam txiv tsis muaj lub xov tooj ntawm tes qhib lub cev. Tsis muaj ib tug ntawm lawv cov menyuam yuav muaj ntshav lossis ntshav khov txaus los yog muaj tus kabmob ntawm cov chaw ua si.
  • Zaj Qhia 2. Ib tus niam-txiv yog tus nqa khoom hos lwm tus tsis yog. Tsis muaj ib tug ntawm lawv cov menyuam yuav muaj ntshav lossis ntshav liab tsawg. Tabsis nws muaj 50 feem pua ​​uas cov menyuam yuav yog cov xeeb txawm muaj.
  • Zaj Qhia 3. Ob leeg niam txiv yog cov nqa khoom. Muaj 25 feem pua ​​ntawm txoj hmoo uas lawv cov menyuam yuav tau txais ob qhov chaw ua pa, ua rau muaj ntshav liab tsawg. Nws kuj muaj 50 feem pua ​​lub caij nyoog uas lawv yuav yog tus xa khoom. Thaum kawg, tseem yuav muaj 25 feem pua ​​uas lawv cov me nyuam yuav tsis nqa txhua tus.
  • Qhov xwm txheej 4. Ib leej niam leej txiv tsis yog tus xeeb txawm muaj, tab sis lwm tus muaj mob ntshav tes ntshav tsawg. Tsis muaj ib tug ntawm lawv cov menyuam yuav muaj mob ntshav tes ntshav (cell anemia), tab sis lawv txhua tus yog cov neeg muaj cov cab.
  • Zaj Qhia 5. Ib leej niam leej txiv yog cov xeeb txawm muaj thiab lwm tus muaj mob ntshav tu ntshav. Yuav muaj 50 feem pua ​​uas cov menyuam yaus yuav muaj ntshav tsawg los ntshav thiab 50 feem pua ​​lawv yuav yog tus muaj.
  • Zaj Qhia 6. Ob leeg niam txiv muaj cov ntshav liab ntshav khov. Txhua tus ntawm lawv cov menyuam yuav muaj ntshav nce hlwb ntshav tsawg.

Yuav ua li cas kuv thiaj paub tias kuv yog tus xaib?

Yog tias koj muaj ib tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm muaj ntshav tsis muaj ntshav ntau, tab sis koj tsis muaj nws tus kheej, koj yuav yog tus muaj. Yog tias koj paub lwm tus hauv koj tsev neeg muaj nws, lossis koj tsis paub txog koj tsev neeg li keeb kwm, kev sim yooj yim tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb koj puas nqa lub xov tooj cell sickle.

Tus kws kho mob yuav coj cov ntshav me me, feem ntau los ntawm lub ntsis ntiv tes, thiab xa nws mus rau qhov chaw kuaj ntshav kuaj. Thaum qhov ntsuas tau tiav lawm, tus kws sab laj tswv yim caj ces yuav hla lawv nrog koj los pab koj nkag siab koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob rau koj cov menyuam.

Yog tias koj nqa lub sibhawm uas tsis tshua zoo nkauj, nws yog lub tswv yim zoo uas koj tus khub coj mus ua qhov kev sim. Kev siv qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob qho ntawm koj qhov kev ntsuas, tus kws pab tswv yim txog caj ces tuaj yeem pab koj ob leeg nkag siab txog kev mob ntshav hlwb ntau npaum li cas lossis yuav cuam tshuam licas rau cov menyuam yav tom ntej koj tau nyob ua ke.

Hauv qab kab

Sickle cell anemia yog ib qho kev mob caj ces uas muaj ib qho qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tsiaj txhu uas muaj cuab kav ua ke. Qhov no txhais tau tias qhov mob no yuav tsis txuas rau pojniam txiv neej cov keeb kwm kev sib deev. Ib tug neeg yuav tsum tau txais ob daim ntawv luam ntawm cov chaw pw sab nraud kom thiaj li muaj tus mob. Cov neeg uas muaj ib qho loj thiab ib qho kev tawm tsam tag nrho cov npe hu ua cov neeg nqa khoom.

Muaj ntau ntau yam kev qhia ua qub txeeg qub teg rau sickle cell anemia, nyob ntawm kev caj ces ntawm ob leeg ntawm leej niam leej txiv. Yog tias koj txhawj xeeb tias koj lossis koj tus khub tuaj yeem hla tagnrho lossis xwm txheej rau koj cov menyuam, kev sim tshuaj ntsuam kab mob yooj yim tuaj yeem pab koj tshawb xyuas txhua qhov xwm txheej.

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