Nws Txhais Tau Li Cas Rau Qhov Mob Heterozygous?

Zoo Siab

• Heterozygous txhais
• Qhov sib txawv ntawm heterozygous thiab homozygous
• Heterozygous piv txwv
• Ua tiav kev muaj peev xwm
• Cov tsis muaj txhij txhua
• Lub Neej Khwv
• Heterozygous noob thiab kab mob
• Huntington's kab mob
• Marfan's mob
• Familial hypercholesterolemia
• Nqa Nyiaj

Heterozygous txhais

Koj cov noob caj ceg yog tsim los ntawm DNA. Cov DNA no muab cov lus qhia, uas txiav txim qhov zoo li koj cov plaub hau xim thiab hom ntshav.

Muaj cov sib txawv ntawm cov noob. Txhua version yog hu ua allele. Txog rau txhua tus gene, koj tau ob lub qe: ib qho los ntawm koj leej txiv thiab ib los ntawm koj niam yug. Ua ke, cov alleles hu ua qauv keeb kwm.

Yog tias ob qho sib txawv, koj muaj qhov keeb kwm heterozygous rau lub noob ntawd. Piv txwv li, ua heterozygous rau plaub hau xim yuav txhais tau tias koj muaj ib qho rau plaub hau liab thiab ib qho rau plaub hau xim av.

Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob lub pob zeb cuam tshuam uas cov yeeb yam twg qhia. Nws kuj tseem txiav txim siab txog cov yam ntxwv koj yog tus neeg xa khoom rau.

Cia tshawb xyuas seb nws txhais tau li cas ua kev hloov pauv thiab lub luag haujlwm nws ua hauv koj kev pleev ib ce.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm heterozygous thiab homozygous

Ib tug genozygous genotype yog qhov sib txawv ntawm tus caj dab heterozygous.

Yog tias koj tau homozygous rau ib lub noob tshwj xeeb, koj tau ob hom ntawm tag nrho cov tsiaj. Nws txhais tau tias koj niam thiab koj txiv txoj kev pab tau zoo sib xws.

Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, koj yuav muaj ob qho tsis muaj ke lossis ob qho sib hloov. Cov kab mob sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem ua tus kabmob thiab yuav tham txog tom qab. Qhov no tseem ua rau tus yam ntxwv tshwm sim.

Heterozygous piv txwv

Hauv cov keeb kwm heterozygous, ob qhov sib txawv alleles sib cuam tshuam nrog txhua lwm. Qhov no yuav txiav txim xyuas seb lawv cov yam ntxwv raug qhia li cas.

Feem ntau, qhov kev sib txuam no yog ua los ntawm kev kawm paub. Cov tswv cuab uas qhia tau ntau dua yog hu ua "muaj zog," hos lwm qhov yog hu ua "kev tawm tsam." Qhov no qoj ib ce tag nrho yog npog ntawm qhov ib.

Nyob ntawm qhov yuav ua li cas hom kev lag luam loj thiab cuam tshuam tau, ib qho kev hloov caj dab yuav tau koom nrog:

Ua tiav kev muaj peev xwm

Hauv kev ua tiav ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, cov kabmob loj dhau los npog tag nrho qhov tsis zoo. Txhua yam kev ua si tsis yog hais tawm tag nrho.

Ib qho piv txwv yog xim xim, uas tau tswj hwm los ntawm ob peb caj ces. Tus Allele rau xim av ob lub qhov muag yog hom rau ib qho rau qhov muag xiav. Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm txhua, koj yuav muaj qhov muag xim av.

Txawm li cas los xij, koj tseem muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau allele rau qhov muag xiav. Yog tias koj muaj me tub nrog ib tus neeg twg uas muaj qhov qub chaw, nws yog koj tus menyuam yuav muaj qhov muag xiav.

Cov tsis muaj txhij txhua

Tsis tiav tsis muaj dhau los tshwm sim thaum lub hom allele tsis dhau lub siab rov ua tsis tau. Hloov chaw, lawv sib xyaw ua ke, uas tsim tau tus cwj pwm thib peb.

Qhov hom ntawm cov thawj feem ntau pom hauv cov qauv plaub hau. Yog tias koj muaj ib qho zoo nkauj rau cov plaub hau curly thiab ib qho rau plaub hau ncaj, koj yuav muaj plaub hau laim ntoom. Kev Tshaj Tawm yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov plaub hau zoo thiab ncaj.

Lub Neej Khwv

Kev So Loj yuav tshwm sim thaum ob qho khoom sib tshooj sawv cev tib lub sijhawm. Lawv tsis xyaw ua ke. Ob qhov kev coj sib luag qhia tau zoo ib yam.

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm codominance yog hom AB cov ntshav. Hauv qhov no, koj muaj ib qho rau cov ntshav hom A thiab ib qho rau hom B. Hloov ntawm kev sib tov thiab tsim hom peb, ob tus tsiaj ua tau ob qho tib si hom ntshav. Qhov no tshwm sim hauv hom ntshav AB.

Heterozygous noob thiab kab mob

Tus tsiaj muaj suab nrov nrov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj raws caj ces. Yog vim hais tias kev hloov pauv hloov pauv qhov qhia DNA li cas.

Nyob ntawm seb qhov xwm txheej, qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov suab ploj yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb lossis txo qis. Yog tias nws yog tus thawj, nws txhais tau tias tsuas yog ib daim ntawv hloov siv tau los ua tus kabmob. Qhov no yog hu ua "tus kab mob tseem ceeb" lossis "tsis meej txoj kev loj."

Yog tias koj mob heterozygous rau qhov kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb, koj muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntau los tsim nws. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias koj yog neeg tsis haum xeeb rau kev hloov chaw nyob tsis zoo, koj yuav tsis tau txais. Allele ib txwm yuav siv sij hawm thiab koj tsuas yog tus cab kuj. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj cov menyuam tuaj yeem tau txais.

Piv txwv ntawm cov kab mob tseem ceeb xws li:

Huntington's kab mob

Tus gene HTT tsim cov tshuaj tua tsiaj, cov protein uas cuam tshuam nrog cov leeg hlwb hauv lub hlwb. Kev hloov pauv nyob hauv cov noob keeb kwm no ua rau tus neeg mob Huntington's kab mob, tus mob neurodegenerative.

Txij thaum lub noob hloov zuj zus muaj tus thawj, ib tus neeg uas muaj ib daim ntawv luam yuav tsim tus kab mob Huntington li kab mob. Cov mob hlwb li no, uas ib txwm pom tshwm sim hauv neeg laus, tuaj yeem ua rau:

• tsis tuaj
• kev xav txog teeb meem
• tswv yim tsis zoo
• muaj teeb meem taug kev, hais lus, los yog nqos

Marfan's mob

Marfan's syndrome cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas, uas muab lub zog thiab tsim rau lub cev qauv. Cov caj ces tsis xws yuav ua rau cov tsos mob zoo li:

• lub plab hlaub txawv txav, lossis scoliosis
• overgrowth ntawm tej caj npab thiab ceg pob txha
• tsis pom kev zoo
• muaj teeb meem nrog lub aorta, uas yog cov hlab ntsha uas nqa ntshav los ntawm koj lub siab mus rau tas koj lub cev

Marfan's syndrome tau cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov ntawm lub FBN1 noob. Ib zaug ntxiv, tsuas yog ib qho kev sib pauv hloov tau tsim nyog ua qhov mob.

Familial hypercholesterolemia

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) tshwm sim nyob rau hauv heterozygous genotypes nrog ib daim qauv hloov ntawm APOB, LDLR, lossis PCSK9 noob. Nws yog tus nquag heev, cuam tshuam rau tib neeg.

FH ua rau cov qib roj LDL siab heev, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob hlab ntsha leeg thaum tseem hluas.

Nqa Nyiaj

Thaum koj tsis sib haum xeeb rau ib caj ces tshwj xeeb, nws txhais tau tias koj muaj ob qhov sib txawv ntawm cov gene. Daim foos tseem ceeb tuaj yeem npog tag nrho qhov kev rov ua dua, lossis lawv tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke. Muaj qee kis, ob hom hloov nyob ua ke tib lub sijhawm.

Ob lub noob sib txawv tuaj yeem sib cuam tshuam hauv ntau txoj kev. Lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo yog dab tsi tswj koj tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev, hom ntshav, thiab txhua tus cwj pwm uas ua rau koj yog leej twg.