Qhov muag quav daj

Zoo Siab

• Yuav ua li cas cov xwm txheej ua rau qhov muag quav?
• Sib dhos nevus
• Iris nevus
• Choroidal nevus
• Dab tsi lwm cov tsos mob tuaj yeem nrog lub qhov muag quav?
• Cov qhov muag ntsej muag puas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem?
• Cov qhov muag quav muag puas xav tau kev kho mob?
• Dab tsi yog qhov tshwm sim rau qhov muag quav?

Txheej txheem cej luam

Koj puas tau paub dua quav ntxhw rau ntawm koj cov tawv nqaij, tab sis koj puas paub tias koj tuaj yeem muaj quav quav rau hauv koj lub qhov muag? Qhov tso quav rau qhov muag hu ua nevus ("nevi" yog qhov ntau tshaj ib tus), thiab muaj ntau yam quav hnav tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov muag.

Thaum lub sijhawm tsis muaj teeb meem, lawv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob vim tias muaj feem ntau me me tuaj yeem dhau los ua hom mob qog noj ntshav hu ua melanoma.

Yuav ua li cas cov xwm txheej ua rau qhov muag quav?

Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov qhov muag quav hnav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj cov quav quav soj ntsuam los ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag txhawm rau paub tseeb tias qhov kev kuaj mob zoo thiab kev npaj kho mob.

Thaum koj tuaj yeem yug los nrog lub qhov muag quav hnav, koj tuaj yeem tsim ib qho tom qab hauv lub neej. Ib yam li nrog quav hnav ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm melanocytes (cov hlwb muaj cov xim) uas txhaws ua ke.

Sib dhos nevus

Ib qho kev sib txuas nevus yog ib qho kev mob txhab dawb ntawm lub qhov muag dawb, paub tias yog conjunctiva. Cov nevi no ua ntau dua ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov qhov txhab txuas ntxiv thiab feem ntau tshwm sim thaum menyuam yaus.

Iris nevus

Thaum lub qhov muag quav hnav rau lub qhov muag daj (qhov xim dawb ntawm qhov muag), nws tau hu ua "iris nevus". Kwv yees li ntawm 6 leej ntawm 10 tus neeg muaj ib tug.

Kev tshawb fawb tau cuam tshuam ntau lub hnub ci rau kev tsim cov xim tshiab iris nevi, tab sis ntau cov kev tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau ua. Lawv ib txwm nyob tiaj thiab tsis txhob ua kev pheej hmoo. Cov no txawv ntawm cov pawg neeg sawv ntsug ntawm qhov xim ntawm IRIS los yog iris melanoma.

Choroidal nevus

Thaum kws kho mob hais rau koj tias koj muaj qhov muag mob uas yuav tsum tau ua raws, lawv yuav hais txog qhov choroidal nevus. Qhov no yog cov qhov txhab daj uas muaj cov roj ntsha me (qhov tsis yog lub cev) thiab nyob tom qab lub qhov muag.

Raws li Ocular Melanoma Foundation, kwv yees li 1 ntawm 10 tus neeg muaj tus mob no, uas yog qhov pib ntau zuj zus ntawm cov hlwb xim. Thaum choroidal nevi feem ntau tsis lom zem, nws muaj peev xwm me me tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, uas yog vim li cas lawv yuav tsum tau ua raws los ntawm kws kho mob.

Dab tsi lwm cov tsos mob tuaj yeem nrog lub qhov muag quav?

Kev sib qha sib nevi feem ntau tshwm sim zoo li pom qhov quav hnav ntawm daim dawb, tsis muaj lwm yam tsos mob. Lawv zoo li yuav ruaj khov, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv xim txawv sijhawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub sijhawm pub dawb lossis cev xeeb tub.

Cov xim tsaus nti tuaj yeem yuam kev rau qhov kev loj hlob, uas yog vim li cas nws tseem ceeb rau hom nevi no tau saib kom zoo.

Iris nevi feem ntau tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev kuaj qhov muag, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj muaj lub ntsej muag tsaus nti. Lawv tshwm sim ntau dua rau cov neeg muaj qhov muag xiav thiab pom tau yooj yim dua hauv cov neeg no.

Choroidal nevi feem ntau yog asymptomatic, txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem xau kua lossis nrog cov ntshav hlab ntshav loj loj.

Qee lub sij hawm qhov no ua rau pom qhov tsis pom lossis tsis pom kev, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb heev los soj ntsuam cov nevi no. Vim tias lawv tsis ua rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim, feem ntau lawv tau kuaj pom thaum lub sij hawm ib txwm mus kuaj mob.

Cov qhov muag ntsej muag puas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem?

Thaum uas feem ntau qhov muag quav hnav nws tsis tseem ceeb, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum muaj kws kho qhov muag saib xyuas lawv. Muaj qhov sijhawm me me uas lawv tuaj yeem tsim kho rau hauv lub qhov muag plooj zis. Thaum ntxov koj pom tias nevus pib hloov pauv, tus mob yuav kho tau sai - ua ntej nws yuav hloov mus ua ib yam dab tsi hnyav dua.

Kaw kev soj ntsuam yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj pom tias muaj kev txawv txav ntawm cov mob qog nqaij hlav thiab kis tau tus mob metastasis thaum ntxov. Koj tus kws kho qhov muag yuav tsum kuaj xyuas qhov nevus txhua txhua 6 rau 12 hlis, nco ntsoov qhov loj me, cov duab, thiab seb puas muaj qhov nce.

Tsis tshua muaj, qee qhov mob txhab tau hnov ​​lwm yam mob. Muaj cov qhov txhab txhab nyob rau kev kuaj pob txha hauv ob lub qhov muag tuaj yeem qhia qhov xwm txheej hu ua mob qog nqaij hlav ntshav ntawm qhov rov qab pleev xim rau (epithelium), uas yog kiag li asymptomatic. Yog tias CHRPE nyob rau hauv ob lub qhov muag, qhov no tuaj yeem yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob muaj keeb hu ua tsev neeg adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

FAP muaj tsawg heev. Nws ua rau 1 feem pua ​​ntawm cov mob hnyuv tshiab txhua xyoo. Txawm hais tias muaj tsawg, cov tib neeg muaj FAP muaj 100 feem pua ​​yuav muaj mob cancer nyuv hnub nyoog 40 yog tias lawv tsis mob hnyuv tws.

Yog tias tus kws kho qhov muag kuaj pom mob CHRPE, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog cov kev pheej hmoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj ntsuas caj ces.

Lawv yuav xav kom koj ntsib ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb los tham txog koj cov kev xaiv.

Cov qhov muag quav muag puas xav tau kev kho mob?

Yuav luag txhua qhov muag quav hnav yog qhov ntev, tab sis yog tias koj muaj, nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag nrog kev kuaj mob ntau zaus, feem ntau txhua rau lub hlis mus rau ib xyoos, sau cov ntawv me, cov duab, thiab cov xim hloov ntawm cov quav hnav.

Thaum muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm nevi (tshwj xeeb choroidal thiab iris) thiab UV teeb, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tseeb lub luag haujlwm ntawm tom kawg. Txawm li cas los xij, hnav tsom iav sab nraud yuav pab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem nrog nevi.

Yog tias tus nevus xav tau raug tshem tawm vim tias muaj teeb meem, melanoma, lossis lub cev ntawm lub melanoma, qhov no ua tiav nrog kev phais mob. Nyob ntawm tus xwm txheej ntawm tus kheej, qhov chaw hauv zos (siv cov hniav me me) lossis argon laser photoablation (siv laser los tshem tawm cov ntaub so ntswg) yog qhov kev xaiv tau.

Dab tsi yog qhov tshwm sim rau qhov muag quav?

Yog tias koj muaj qhov muag quav, qhov no feem ntau tsis muaj dab tsi txhawj txog. Ntau lub sijhawm, cov no tau pom ntawm kev kuaj qhov muag, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb kom tau mus kuaj mob raws sijhawm.

Thaum kuaj tau tus mob khaub thuas, tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas vim nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.

Yog tias koj muaj quav hnav muag ntawm ob lub qhov muag, nug koj tus kws kho mob txog CHRPE thiab FAP kom pom tias lawv pom zoo li cas rau kauj ruam tom ntej.