Yam Dab Tsi Koj Yuav Tsum Tau Paub Txog Ntsab Qeb Yuav Rov Phom Sij

Zoo Siab

• Cov ntshav lim ua tau zoo li cas?
• Hemodialysis
• Peritoneal lim ntshav tawm
• Cov kev kho mob raum hloov chaw (CRRT)
• Cov kev phiv dab tsi los ntawm hom lim ntshav?
• Hemodialysis
• Peritoneal lim ntshav tawm
• Kev kho raum tsis tu ncua (CRRT)
• Puas muaj kev kho rau kev lim ntshav tshwm sim?
• Qhov tshwm sim dab tsi rau cov neeg muaj phiv los ntawm lim ntshav?
• Cov nqa mus

Kev lim ntshav yog ib txoj kev kho mob cawm siav rau cov neeg muaj lub raum tsis ua haujlwm. Thaum koj pib lim ntshav, koj yuav ntsib kev phiv xws li ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib tsis txaus, ntshav txhaws, kis mob, hnyav nce ntxiv thiab lwm yam.

Pab neeg tu koj muaj peev xwm pab koj tswj cov kev phiv ntshav ntau yog li lawv tsis ua rau muaj kev cov nyom ntev mus.

Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev lim ntshav, suav nrog vim li cas lawv tshwm sim thiab yuav kho lawv li cas thaum kho.

Cov ntshav lim ua tau zoo li cas?

Kev lim ntshav yog txheej txheem kho mob los pab cov neeg muaj raum tsis ua haujlwm lim thiab lim ntshav. Tus mob uas feem ntau yuav tsum ua lim ntshav yog raum tsis ua hauj lwm. Muaj peb hom kev lim ntshav.

Hemodialysis

Hemodialysis siv lub tshuab hu ua hemodialyzer txhawm rau lim cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm cov ntshav.

Ua ntej pib hemodialysis, ib qho chaw nres nkoj nkag tau tsim rau qee qhov ntawm lub cev, xws li sab caj npab lossis caj dab. Qhov txheej txheem nkag mus no yog txuas nrog lub hemodialyzer, uas ua haujlwm ua lub raum cuav kom tshem tawm cov ntshav, ntxuav nws, thiab lim nws rov qab mus rau hauv lub cev.

Peritoneal lim ntshav tawm

Peritoneal lim ntshav yuav tsum tau tso tawm qhov phais ntawm lub plab raj. Cov txheej txheem siv cov kua dej ua kom pom tseeb hauv lub plab ua kom lim thiab huv ntawm cov ntshav. Cov kua dej no, hu ua dialysate, muab tso rau sab hauv lub plab peritoneal thiab ncaj qha nqus cov khib nyiab hauv cov ntshav thaum nws ncig.

Thaum cov kua dej tau ua nws txoj haujlwm, nws tuaj yeem ua kom ntub thiab pov tseg, thiab cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem pib ua dua.

Peritoneal lim ntshav ua tau hauv koj lub tsev thiab qee zaum ua thaum hmo ntuj thaum koj pw.

Cov kev kho mob raum hloov chaw (CRRT)

Kev kho mob qog hloov mus txuas ntxiv, tseem hu ua hemofiltration, kuj siv lub tshuab yog siv los lim cov pov tseg los ntawm cov ntshav.

Qhov kev kho no, feem ntau tseg rau lub raum mob tsis ua haujlwm los ntawm qee yam mob, tsuas yog ua hauv tsev kho mob.

Cov kev phiv dab tsi los ntawm hom lim ntshav?

Rau cov neeg feem coob uas lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm, kev lim ntshav yog cov txheej txheem tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev pheej hmoo thiab kev mob tshwm sim uas tuaj nrog txoj kev kho no.

Qhov tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm txhua txoj kev ua lim ntshav yog qaug zog. Lwm yam kev phiv los ntawm hom kev kho mob suav nrog:

Hemodialysis

• Cov ntshav siab qis. Kev ntsuas ntshav qis, lossis ntshav siab, thaum mob hemodialysis tshwm sim vim cov kua tsawg tsawg hauv lub sijhawm kho. Yog tias koj cov ntshav siab poob qis thaum kho mob, koj yuav pom tias kiv taub hau, xeev siab, ntsej muag tawv nqaij, thiab pom kev plooj plooj.
• Mob leeg. Nqaij mob pob txha tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub cev raug vim hloov pauv ntawm cov kua dej lossis ntxhia tshuav nyiaj. Qib kom qis ntawm sodium, magnesium, calcium, thiab potassium tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm rau cov leeg mob.
• Cov tawv nqaij khaus. Nruab nrab ntawm lub sijhawm hemodialysis, cov khoom pov tseg tuaj yeem pib nthuav mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Rau qee cov neeg, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau khaus tawv nqaij. Yog tias qhov khaus khaus yog feem ntau ntawm ob txhais ceg, nws kuj yuav yog vim caj pas tsis tswm.
• Cov ntshav txhaws. Qee zaum, txhim kho qhov chaw nkag ua rau txoj kev me me ntawm cov hlab ntshav. Yog tias tsis kho, qhov no yuav ua rau o ntawm ib nrab ntawm lub cev lossis txawm ntshav txhaws.
• Kab mob. Kev nquag ntxig ntawm rab koob lossis tiv thaiv cov ntswg thaum lub sij hawm lim ntshav tuaj yeem nce ntau dua rau cov kab mob. Yog tias cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav thaum lub sij hawm kho, koj yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob lossis mob sepsis. Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob tam sim, sepsis tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
• Lwm yam phiv. Lwm yam kev pheej hmoo thiab phiv los ntawm hemodialysis yuav suav nrog ntshav liab, pw tsis tsaug zog, mob plawv, lossis raug ntes plawv. Ntau yam ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim no yog vim cov kua thiab cov ntxhia tsis txaus uas ua rau lim ntshav tuaj yeem ua rau.

Peritoneal lim ntshav tawm

Lwm yam dua li qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis mob, feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv peritoneal dialysis sib txawv me ntsis ntawm cov mob hemodialysis.

• Mob ntsws hnoos qeev. Tus mob peritonitis yog tus mob peritoneum uas tshwm sim yog tias tus kab mob nkag mus rau peritoneum thaum nkag catheter los yog siv. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob peritonitis yuav suav nrog mob plab, rhiab, tsam plab, xeev siab thiab raws plab.
• Hernia. Qhov mob hlwv tshwm sim thaum ib qho khoom nruab nrog lossis cov nqaij rog thawb tawm los ntawm qhov qhib hauv cov leeg. Cov neeg uas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv peritoneal lim ntshav yog qhov muaj pheej hmoo los tsim kev mob plab vim tias qhov ntshav tau tso ntau qhov ntxiv rau ntawm lub plab phab ntsa. Cov tsos mob feem ntau yog mob plab me me.
• Ntshav qab zib siab. Dialysate muaj suab thaj hu ua dextrose, uas feem ntau siv thaum noj zaub mov muaj zog. Cov lus qhia zoo li dextrose nce ntxiv ntshav qab zib, uas yuav ua rau cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib uas xav tau kev lim ntshav peritoneal yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo rau hyperglycemia.
• Muaj cov poov tshuaj ntau. Muaj cov poov tshuaj ntau, hu ua hyperkalemia, yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim ntawm lub raum tsis ua haujlwm. Ntawm kev lim ntshav lim ntshav, koj cov poov tshuaj ntau ntau tuaj yeem tsim tsa vim tias tsis muaj kev pom zoo.
• Qhov hnyav nce. Lub cev hnyav tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim cov calories los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm dialysate. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam ntawm lwm yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kev hnyav thaum hloov ntshav, xws li tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog thiab noj zaub mov zoo.
• Lwm yam phiv. Rau qee tus neeg, kev ntxhov siab thiab ntxhov siab ntawm cov txheej txheem kho mob tas li tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab. Kev tshawb nrhiav kuj tau qhia txog qhov txuas tau los ntawm lim ntshav thiab dementia tom qab lub neej.

Kev kho raum tsis tu ncua (CRRT)

Qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm CRRT tsis tau kawm ntau yam dua li cov uas tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam. Ib ntawm 2015 pom tias cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm CRRT suav nrog:

• Cov tshuaj calcium tsis txaus, hu ua hypocalcemia
• siab calcium uas, hu ua hypercalcemia
• siab phosphorus theem, hu ua hyperphosphatemia
• ntshav siab
• tshuaj txau ntshav
• arrythmia
• anemia
• platelet tsawg tsawg, lossis thrombocytopenia

Puas muaj kev kho rau kev lim ntshav tshwm sim?

Ntau yam kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev lim ntshav, suav nrog kev ntshav qis thiab lwm yam kev mob plawv, tshwm sim vim kev tsis txaus noj zaub mov thaum kho. Tus kws qhia tawm kev noj zaub mov ua haujlwm tuaj yeem muab cov lus qhia txog kev noj zaub mov kom tsim nyog, suav nrog yam dab tsi noj thiab dab tsi uas yuav zam.

Lwm yam uas koj tuaj yeem ua nyob tom tsev kom txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev lim ntshav zoo li no:

• tshuaj xyuas koj qhov chaw nkag mus xyuas ntau zaus, uas tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev pheej hmoo kis mob
• Kev qoj ib ce kom txaus, xws li qoj ib ce kom qoj ib ce qis, uas tuaj yeem pab txo qhov hnyav
• haus dej lossis kua dej raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia, uas tuaj yeem txo lub cev qhuav dej
• muaj kev nquag lim ntshav ntau dua, uas pom tau tias yuav txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav siab thiab hnyav dua
• txaus siab rau koj cov haujlwm nyiam, uas tuaj yeem txhawb koj lub siab thaum kho tag

Txawm hais tias kev lim ntshav hauv lub cev yog cov tshwm sim tsis txaus ntseeg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom pab neeg saib xyuas koj nyob ib puag ncig txog txhua yam uas koj yuav ntsib. Nrhiav kev kho mob sai li sai tau yog tias koj pom muaj cov tsos mob hauv qab no thaum lub sijhawm lossis tom qab kev ntxuav lim ntshav:

• ua pa nyuaj
• tsis meej pem lossis teeb meem kev xav tsis meej
• mob, liab, lossis o ntawm nqua
• kub taub hau tshaj 101 ° F
• tsis nco qab

Cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev mob hypotension, hyperglycemia, ntshav txhaws, lossis mob hnyav thiab xav tau kev kho mob sai.

Qhov tshwm sim dab tsi rau cov neeg muaj phiv los ntawm lim ntshav?

Yog tias koj lub raum tsis ua haujlwm thiab koj lub raum tsis ua haujlwm lawm, koj yuav tsum raug lim ntshav mus ib txhis. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj yuav raug tus mob lim ntshav ib ce ntau zaus. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tseem tuaj yeem nyob tag nrho lub neej los ntawm kev tswj hwm koj cov tsos mob nrog kev pab ntawm pab neeg tu koj.

Cov nqa mus

Feem ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm hemodialysis suav nrog kev ntshav siab, kev nkag mus rau hauv chaw nkag, mob nqaij, nqaij tawv, thiab cov ntshav txhaws. Feem ntau cov kev phiv los ntawm kev tiv thaiv peritoneal lim ntshav suav nrog peritonitis, hernia, ntshav qab zib pauv, poov tshuaj tsis txaus, thiab lub cev hnyav tuaj.

Qhia cov kev mob tshwm sim thaum koj kho mob rau pab neeg tu koj. Lawv tuaj yeem pab koj tswj lawv nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab hloov pauv lub neej.

Yog tias koj pom cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qis heev, ntshav qab zib, ntshav txhaws, lossis kis tus kabmob sib kis, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob sai sai.