Tug Menyuam Qhuav Leukemia

Zoo Siab

• Ntsiab lus
• Yuav ua li cas yog leukemia?
• Dab tsi yog hom mob qog ntshav rau menyuam yaus?
• Dab tsi ua kom mob ntshav dawb hauv menyuam yaus?
• Leej twg ntxim yuav raug kab mob ntshav siab hauv cov menyuam yaus?
• Cov tsos mob leukemia nyob hauv cov menyuam yaus zoo li cas?
• Yuav kuaj ntshav leukemia li cas hauv cov menyuam yaus?
• Yuav kho tus mob leukemia li cas hauv cov menyuam?

Ntsiab lus

Yuav ua li cas yog leukemia?

Ntshav ntshav yog ib lo lus rau cov qog nqaij hlav ntshav hauv cov ntshav. Mob leukemia pib nyob rau hauv cov nqaij tsim cov nqaij mos xws li hlwb pob txha. Koj cov hlwb pob txha ua rau cov qog ntshav uas yuav los tsim cov qe ntshav dawb, qe ntshav liab, thiab qe ua kom ntshav khov. Txhua hom ntawm tes muaj qhov haujlwm txawv:

• Cov qe ntshav dawb pab koj lub cev tawm tsam kev kis tus kab mob
• Cov ntshav liab xa cov pa oxygen los ntawm koj lub ntsws rau koj cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kabmob
• Platelets pab txhaws ua rau txhaws ntshav txhaws

Thaum koj muaj mob leukemia, koj tus hlwb pob txha ua rau muaj cov qe ntshav ntau heev. Qhov teeb meem no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog cov qe ntshav dawb. Cov hlwb txawv txav no ua rau koj cov pob txha pob txha thiab ntshav. Lawv cais tawm cov ntshav noj qab nyob zoo thiab ua rau nws nyuaj rau koj lub hlwb thiab ntshav ua lawv txoj haujlwm.

Dab tsi yog hom mob qog ntshav rau menyuam yaus?

Nws muaj ntau hom ntshav sib txawv. Qee hom yog hom mob (neeg loj hlob sai). Feem ntau lawv kis mob sai dua yog tias lawv tsis kho. Feem ntau cov leukemias thaum yau yog mob:

• Mob lymphocytic rau cov ntshav (Txhua), uas yog hom feem ntau mob leukemia nyob hauv menyuam yaus thiab yog cov muaj feem ntau mob cancer rau menyuam yaus. Hauv TXHUA, cov hlwb pob txha ua rau ntau cov lymphocytes, uas yog ib hom qe ntshav dawb.
• Mob myeloid mob ntshav dawb (AML), uas tshwm sim thaum hlwb pob txha ua rau cov leeg ntshav myeloblasts (ib hom qe ntshav dawb), qe ntshav liab, lossis qe ua kom ntshav khov.

Lwm hom mob leukemia muaj mob ntev (qeeb qeeb). Lawv feem ntau mob heev dua rau lub sijhawm ntev dua. Cov no tsis tshua muaj menyuam yaus:

• Mob ntsws lymphocytic (CLL), uas cov hlwb pob txha ua rau cov lymphocytes txawv txav (ib hom qe ntshav dawb). Nws yog qhov tshwm sim hauv cov hluas ntau dua li cov me nyuam.
• Ntev ntshav mob myeloid (CML), uas cov hlwb pob txha ua rau muaj cov granulocytes txawv txav (ib hom qe ntshav dawb). Nws yog qhov tsawg kawg ntawm menyuam yaus.

Muaj qee lwm yam kev mob qog ua neeg mob ntshav dawb paug rau menyuam yaus, suav nrog cov leeg ntshav myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML).

Dab tsi ua kom mob ntshav dawb hauv menyuam yaus?

Ntshav mob tshwm sim thaum muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom hauv keeb (DNA) hauv cov hlwb pob txha. Cov ua kom muaj hloov caj ces tsis paub. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee yam cuam tshuam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm menyuam yaus mob ntshav nce hlwb.

Leej twg ntxim yuav raug kab mob ntshav siab hauv cov menyuam yaus?

Yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj feem yuav ua mob leeg menyuam mob ntshav nrog

• Muaj ib tug nus-kwv lossis tus muam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog menyuam ntxaib, mob ruas ntshav
• Yav dhau los kho nrog kev kho tshuaj
• Raug rau hluav taws xob, suav nrog kev kho hluav taws xob
• Muaj qee yam mob raws caj ces, xws li
  • Ataxia telangiectasia
  • Mob ntsws qis
  • Fanconi anemia
  • Li-Fraumeni syndrome
  • Neurofibromatosis hom 1

Muaj lwm yam cuam tshuam uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tau txais ib lossis ntau yam qee yam tshwj xeeb ua rau menyuam yaus mob hlwb.

Cov tsos mob leukemia nyob hauv cov menyuam yaus zoo li cas?

Qee cov tsos mob ntawm mob leukemia tuaj yeem suav nrog

• Cov nkees nkees
• Tawm hws lossis tawm hws hmo ntuj
• Ua kom doog ntshav yooj yim lossis los ntshav
• Nyhav los sis tsis qab los noj mov
• Petechiae, uas yog cov pob liab liab me me hauv qab tawv nqaij. Lawv mob los ntawm los ntshav.

Lwm cov tsos mob leukemia tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib hom rau hom. Mob ntsws mob ntev yuav tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob thaum pib.

Yuav kuaj ntshav leukemia li cas hauv cov menyuam yaus?

Koj tus neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav siv ntau cov cuab yeej los kuaj pom kev mob leukemia:

• Kev soj ntsuam lub cev
• Keeb kwm kev kho mob
• Kev kuaj ntshav, xws li ua kom tiav cov ntshav suav (CBC)
• Kuaj pob txha ua pob. Nws muaj ob hom kev loj - kev mob siab rau pob txha thiab pob txha mos. Ob qhov kev ntsuam xyuas muaj feem cuam tshem ib qho qauv ntawm cov leeg pob txha thiab pob txha. Cov hnoos qeev raug xa mus rau ib qhov chaw kuaj sim.
• Kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic nrhiav saib cov gene thiab cov chromosome hloov pauv

Thaum kuaj tau tus mob leukemia lawm, lwm yam kev kuaj yuav kuaj seb tus mob cancer puas kis mus. Cov no suav nrog kev ntsuam xyuas cov duab thiab lub lumbar puncture, uas yog tus txheej txheem los sau thiab kuaj cov kua roj cerebrospinal (CSF).

Yuav kho tus mob leukemia li cas hauv cov menyuam?

Cov kev kho mob rau kab mob qog ntshav yog nyob ntawm tus mob twg, hom mob ntshav dawb npaum li cas, tus me nyuam lub hnub nyoog, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog yuav suav nrog

• kev kho tshuaj
• hluav taws xob kho
• Siv tshuaj tua kabmob nrog qog cell hloov ntshav
• Cov hom phiaj kho, uas siv cov tshuaj los yog lwm yam tshuaj uas tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer uas tsis muaj kev phom sij rau lub hlwb ib txwm muaj

Txoj kev kho rau cov ntshav qe ntshav ntawm tus menyuam yaus feem ntau muaj kev vam meej. Tab sis cov kev kho mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem tam sim ntawd los sis lwm hnub hauv lub neej. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj sia nyob nrog cov ntshav yuav tsum tau txais kev saib xyuas tas lawv lub neej kom saib xyuas thiab kho cov kev mob uas lawv muaj.

NIH: Lub Tsev Haujlwm Cancer Hauv Tebchaws