Melanoma: nws yog dab tsi, hom tseem ceeb thiab kev kho mob

Zoo Siab

• Cov cim tseem ceeb thiab cov tsos mob
• Cov hom loj
• 1. Tej yam mob melanoma uas ntau tshaj plaws
• 2. Cov leeg tsis muaj mob
• 3. malignant lentigo melanoma
• 4. Acral lentiginous melanoma
• Leej twg ntxim rau qhov mob melanoma
• Yuav kho tus mob li cas
• Puas yuav kho tau tus mob Melanoma?
• Yuav tiv thaiv tus mob melanoma li cas

Melanoma yog ib hom mob cancer ntawm daim tawv nqaij mob loj hauv melanocytes, uas yog lub hlwb ua lub luag haujlwm rau melanin, cov tshuaj uas muab xim rau daim tawv. Yog li, mob melanoma ntau dua thaum muaj qhov txhab tshwm sim hauv cov hlwb ntau, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim feem ntau vim raug cov duab hluav taws xob ultraviolet los ntawm lub hnub lossis ziab tawv. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias muaj tsawg dua, melanoma tuaj yeem tshwm hauv lub qhov muag lossis cov qog ua kua xoos xws li lub qhov ncauj, qhov ntswg, caj pas, qhov quav, lub paum lossis lub plab zom mov, piv txwv.

Hauv hom mob cancer no, melanocytes loj hlob sai, ua haujlwm tsis meej thiab tswj tsis tau thiab vim li ntawd, tuaj yeem kis mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev xws li lub ntsws, lub hlwb, nplooj siab, pob txha lossis plab hnyuv, ua cov metastases, uas ua rau kev kho mob nyuaj dua thiab muaj feem tsawg dua los kho.

Yog li, thaum thawj lub cim qhia txog qhov hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij los yog kev loj hlob ntawm cov cim, tus kws kho mob tawv nqaij yuav tsum tau sab laj kom paub cov mob melanoma ntxov, pab txhawb txoj kev kho thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo kho.

Cov cim tseem ceeb thiab cov tsos mob

Thawj cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij daj yog qhov tsos ntawm ib qho xim tsaus nti ntawm daim tawv nqaij, hloov qhov loj me, cov duab lossis xim ntawm qhov chaw lossis qhov chaw uas twb muaj lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, me ntsis lossis qhov stains uas los ntshav yooj yim thiab muaj cov qhov txhab uas siv sijhawm los kho yuav tsum yog qhov mob ntawm melanoma.

Saib hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv qab no yuav ua li cas paub cov cim tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij mob melanoma:

Cov hom loj

Hom mob melanoma sib txawv raws li qhov chaw tshwm sim thiab nws hom kev txhim kho, hom tseem ceeb ua:

1. Tej yam mob melanoma uas ntau tshaj plaws

Superficial nws kim heev yog hom melanoma thiab pib txhim kho hauv cov hlwb tshaj plaws ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab tuaj yeem kis mus rau thaj tsam tob ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Hom melanoma no pib nrog thaj chaw ntawm xim av lossis xim av lub teeb rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis me me rau xim liab, dawb, xim dub lossis xiav xiav.

2. Cov leeg tsis muaj mob

Nodular melanoma yog hom mob melanoma thib ob thiab nquag tshaj plaws vim tias nws muaj kev loj hlob sai thiab tuaj yeem mus txog lwm qhov ntawm lub cev txij thaum pib.

Hom mob qog nqaij hlav no pib pib nce, tawv nqaij lossis tawv dub, xiav xiav lossis xiav xiav thiab ua rau tsis muaj tsos mob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho yooj yim qog los txheeb xyuas vim tias qhov tshwm sim sai sai ntawm qhov loj me ntawm qhov txhab.

3. malignant lentigo melanoma

Malignant lentigo melanoma feem ntau tshwm sim rau thaj chaw uas raug tshav, xws li lub ntsej muag, caj dab, tawv taub hau thiab sab nraum qab ntawm tes, ua ntau rau cov neeg laus nrog cov tawv nqaij uas tsis zoo los ntawm lub hnub.

Hom melanoma tuaj yeem nkag mus ntxaum khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab pib ua qhov chaw tiaj tiaj ntawm daim tawv nqaij, xim av lossis xim dub, nrog cov npoo tsis sib luag thiab xim sib txawv xws li tsaus xim av lossis tsaus xim rau nws cov tawv nqaij.

4. Acral lentiginous melanoma

Acral lentiginous melanoma yog qhov tsis tshua muaj thiab pib cuam tshuam rau ntau txheej txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xib teg, ko taw ntawm tus taw thiab cov ntsia hlau, yog cov feem ntau melanoma hauv dub, Cov Neeg Esxias thiab Cov Neeg Mev.

Leej twg ntxim rau qhov mob melanoma

Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv tshav ntuj thiab nquag ziab tshav, melanoma tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lwm hom kev tiv thaiv nrog UV UV sab, piv txwv li cov kab mob tanning, piv txwv. Qhov no vim tias hom teeb ci no muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau cov qog hlwb, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hloov qias neeg uas ua rau muaj qhov mob qog nqaij hlav.

Txawm li cas los xij, melanoma tuaj yeem tshwm nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub cev, txawm tias muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm UV teeb thiab, yog li ntawd, txawm tias nws yuav luag muaj tsawg, nws tseem tuaj yeem tsim hauv cov neeg uas zam kev tshav ntuj, raug cuam tshuam rau tsev neeg, caj ces thiab ib puag ncig.

Qee yam uas zoo li ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus mob melanoma suav nrog:

• Muaj cov tawv nqaij ncaj ncees, plaub hau daj lossis xim liab thiab lub qhov muag pom kev;
• Muaj keeb kwm kev tshav ntuj;
• Cov ntaub ntawv tsis yooj yim;
• Ua kom yooj yim kom tau quav hnav;
• Muaj ntau lub cev txawv txav lossis yuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
• Muaj keeb kwm tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm nqaij hlav;
• Muaj mob uas cuam tshuam rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Cov neeg uas muaj 1 lossis ntau dua ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam no yuav tsum muaj kev sab laj nrog cov kws kho dermatologist tsis tu ncua kom ua tiav kev soj ntsuam daim tawv nqaij, txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev hloov pauv uas yuav yog thaum ntxov pom tus mob cancer.

Yuav kho tus mob li cas

Cov kev kho mob ntawm melanoma nyob ntawm qhov loj me, theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus neeg yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm kws kho mob lossis kws kho nqaij, thiab cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem pom zoo:

• Kev phais mob kom tshem tawm cov mob melanoma;
• Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv los pab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tua mob cancer;
• Cov hom phiaj kho uas ua ncaj qha rau cov hlwb melanoma;
• Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob uas tuaj yeem ua yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem lub melanoma tiav los ntawm kev phais mob lossis kho cov qog ntshav cuam tshuam los ntawm melanoma;
• Kws khomob tua cov mob melanoma thiab tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau hauv leeg ntshav lossis siv cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm qhov ncauj.

Yog tias cov metastases muaj nyob, kev kho tshuaj thiab hluav taws xob kho yuav tsum pib sai li sai tau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov qib kev vam meej muaj tsawg, vim tias cov metastases tshwm sim ntau yam kev mob qog nqaij hlav cancer. Saib ntxiv txog kev kho mob cancer ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Puas yuav kho tau tus mob Melanoma?

Melanoma muaj cov tshuaj kho tau zoo thaum nws tseem tsis tau tsim nyob rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev thiab thaum kuaj pom tau sai li sai tau thaum thawj lub cim tshwm. Yog li, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau soj ntsuam cov tsos mob thiab daim tawv nqaij ntau zaus, nrhiav kev hloov pauv.

Ntxiv rau, cov tib neeg uas twb muaj qee hom mob qog nqaij daim tawv lossis muaj mob hauv tsev neeg, yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob nqaij tawv tsis tu ncua, vim tias lawv muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua rau kev mob nqaij hlav (melanoma).

Yuav tiv thaiv tus mob melanoma li cas

Qee qhov kev ntsuas tuaj yeem pab ua kom tsis txhob lossis txo qhov pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim muaj tus mob melanoma xws li:

• Zam lub hnub thaum lub sijhawm teev sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm 10 teev sawv ntxov txog 4 teev tsaus ntuj;
• Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub txhua hnub, nrog SPF 30 tsawg kawg, txawm nyob rau hnub huab;
• Hnav ib lub kaus mom brimmed yog tias nws yog kev tsis pom nrhav rau koj tus kheej kom tiv tshav ntuj kub;
• Tsis txhob tanning.

Ntxiv rau, ib qho yuav tsum kuaj xyuas daim tawv nqaij ntawm tag nrho lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov chaw feem ntau raug tshav, xws li lub ntsej muag, caj dab, pob ntseg thiab tawv taub hau, nrhiav kev hloov pauv xws li cov tsos ntawm pob, me ntsis, quav hnav, o lossis hloov pauv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Kawm paub tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav.