Qhov Teeb Meem Zoo ntawm Beta-Blockers yog dab tsi?

Zoo Siab

• Dab tsi yog beta-blockers tau sau tseg rau?
• Dab tsi yog ntau hom beta-blockers?
• Cov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig beta-blockers
• Cardioselective beta-blockers
• Thib peb-tiam beta-blockers
• Cov Mob Qe Mob Rov Qab Mus Yuav Ua Li Cas?
• Puas yog beta-blockers cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj?
• Koj tuaj yeem haus dej cawv thaum noj beta-blockers?
• Leej twg tsis siv tshuaj beta-blockers?
• Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi tseem ceeb qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob?
• Nws puas nyab xeeb kom tsis txhob siv beta-blockers?
• Hauv qab kab

Beta-blockers pab kom txo tau qhov nrawm thiab quab yuam ntawm koj lub plawv dhia thaum tseem txo koj cov ntshav siab. Lawv ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tiv thaiv qhov hormone adrenaline (epinephrine) los ntawm kev khi rau beta receptors.

Zoo li feem ntau cov tshuaj, beta-blockers tuaj yeem tshwm sim phiv. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob tau sau ntawv noj cov tshuaj no vim tias cov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog qee yam kev mob tshwm sim tshaj li qhov cuam tshuam beta-blockers tuaj yeem ua rau.

Khaws nyeem kom paub ntau ntxiv txog cov kev pheej hmoo tshwm sim thiab tshuaj sib cuam tshuam ntawm beta-blockers, nrog rau kev ceev faj kom ua.

Dab tsi yog beta-blockers tau sau tseg rau?

Beta-blockers feem ntau yog kho rau lub siab ntsig txog lub plawv, suav nrog:

• mob hauv siab (angina)
• congestive plawv tsis ua haujlwm
• ntshav siab (tawg)
• lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem (arrhythmia)
• postural tachycardia mob ntsws (POTS)
• tiv thaiv lub plawv nres (myocardial infarction) rau cov neeg uas twb muaj lub plawv nres

Muaj cov beta-receptors thoob plaws koj lub cev, tsis yog nyob hauv koj lub siab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qee zaum beta-blockers tau tshaj tawm rau lwm yam mob, xws li mob taub hau, ntxhov siab, thiab txhaws ntsej muag.

Dab tsi yog ntau hom beta-blockers?

Tsis yog txhua txhua beta-blockers yog tsim sib npaug. Muaj ntau ntau yam beta-blockers, thiab txhua tus nyias ua haujlwm nyias qhov sib txawv.

Cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab txog ntau yam thaum txiav txim siab twg cov beta-blocker los sau tshuaj. Cov no suav nrog:

• tus mob raug kho
• kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim
• lwm yam mob uas koj muaj
• lwm yam tshuaj uas koj tau noj

Muaj peb lub ntsiab ntawm cov beta-blockers, txhua qhov ntawm tau piav qhia ntau yam hauv qab no. Lawv yog:

• yam tsis xaiv neeg
• xaivkawg
• Thib peb-tiam

Cov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig beta-blockers

Pom zoo nyob rau xyoo 1960, thawj cov beta-blockers tsis muaj kev xaiv. Hauv lwm lo lus, lawv tau ua rau txhua tus beta receptors hauv koj lub cev, suav nrog:

• beta-1 receptors (lub plawv thiab lub raum hlwb)
• beta-2 receptors (lub ntsws, hlab ntsha, plab, plab, tsev menyuam, cov leeg, thiab lub siab)
• beta-3 receptors (roj hlwb)

Vim tias cov beta-blockers tsis sib txawv ntawm ntau hom beta receptors, lawv ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo me ntsis ntawm kev phiv.

Qhov no muaj tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov tib neeg haus luam yeeb lossis mob ntsws xws li hawb pob lossis mob ntsws ntsws (COPD).

Qee qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig beta-blockers suav nrog:

• nadolol (Corgard)
• oxprenolol (Trasicor).
• pindolol (Visken)
• propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran XL)
• sotalol (Betapace)

Cardioselective beta-blockers

Tsis ntev los no cov beta-blockers tau tsim los txhawm rau tsuas yog beta-1 receptors hauv lub plawv. Lawv tsis cuam tshuam rau lwm cov beta-2 receptors thiab yog li muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg mob ntsws.

Qee qhov tshwm sim zoo tshaj plaws cardioselective beta-blockers:

• acebutolol (Sectral)
• atenolol (Tenormin)
• bisoprolol (Zebeta)
• metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL)

Thib peb-tiam beta-blockers

Thib peb-tiam beta-blockers muaj cov teebmeem ntxiv uas pab ntxiv kev so ntshav thiab yooj yim dua cov ntshav siab.

Qee qhov tseem-thib-tiam beta-blockers suav nrog:

• carvedilol (Coreg)
• labetalol (Normodyne)
• nebivolol (Bystolic)

Kev tshawb nrhiav rau kev siv cov cim thib peb ntawm cov beta-blockers yog txuas ntxiv. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias cov tshuaj no yuav yog qhov kev xaiv nyab xeeb rau cov neeg muaj mob ntshaus plab.

Piv txwv li, raws li kev ntsuam xyuas 2017 ntawm kev tshawb fawb, nebivolol tej zaum yuav yog qhov kev xaiv kho mob haum rau cov neeg muaj ntshav siab nrog rau cov piam thaj (qabzib) thiab cov rog rog.

Ib ntawm cov nas xaus lus tias carvedilol boosted qabzib ua siab ntev thiab rhiab rau insulin. Nov yog ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav qab zib. Kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv yog xav tau los nkag siab yog tias carvedilol tib cov tib neeg.

Cov Mob Qe Mob Rov Qab Mus Yuav Ua Li Cas?

Beta-blockers yog cov kuj muaj txiaj ntsig, nyab xeeb, thiab pheej yig. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lawv feem ntau yog thawj kab kev kho mob hauv lub siab.

Feem ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm beta-blockers yog:

• Qaug zog thiab kiv taub hau. Beta-blockers ua rau koj lub plawv dhia qeeb. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog cov ntshav qis (hypotension).
• Kev ncig tsis zoo. Koj lub plawv dhia qeeb dua thaum koj noj cov beta-blockers. Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau tso ntshav mus cuag koj kawg. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj khaub thuas lossis tingling hauv koj txhais tes thiab txhais taw.
• Lub plab zom mov cov tsos mob. Cov no suav nrog mob plab, xeev siab, thiab raws plab thiab quav tawv. Noj cov beta-blockers nrog zaub mov tuaj yeem pab txo cov tsos mob plab.
• Kev plees kev yi. Qee cov neeg qhia txog kev ua erectile kawg thaum noj beta-blockers. Qhov no yog cov mob tshwm sim nrog kev siv tshuaj uas txo cov ntshav siab.
• Qhov hnyav nce. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qee qhov laus dua, tsis muaj dab tsi beta-blockers. Cov kws kho mob tsis paub meej tias vim li cas nws tshwm sim, tab sis nws yuav cuam tshuam li cas cov beta-blockers cuam tshuam rau koj cov metabolism hauv.

Lwm cov kev mob tshwm sim tsawg dua suav nrog:

• Ua pa nyuaj. Beta-blockers tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws cov ntsws uas ua rau nws ua pa nyuaj. Qhov no feem ntau raug rau cov neeg mob ntsws.
• Mob ntshav qab zib (hyperglycemia). Beta-blockers tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov neeg muaj ntshav qab zib.
• Kev ntxhov siab, insomnia, thiab npau suav phem. Cov kev mob tshwm sim no tshwm sim ntau dua nrog cov laus dua, tsis siv tshuaj beta-blockers.

Nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd yog tias koj muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv qab no thaum noj cov beta-blockers:

• Cov tsos mob ntawm lub plawv muaj teeb meem: txog siav ua pa, hnoos uas cuam tshuam nrog qoj ib ce, mob hauv siab, lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem, ob txhais ceg o lossis pob taws
• Qhov pom ntawm tus mob ntsws: txog siav ua tsis taus pa, nruj hauv siab, hawb pob
• Cov tsos mob ntawm daim siab ua haujlwm: daim tawv daj (daj) thiab daj dawb ntawm lub qhov muag

Puas yog beta-blockers cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj?

Yog lawm, beta-blockers tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov tshuaj noj. Qee qhov ntawm no suav nrog:

• tsis haum tshuaj
• Tshuaj loog
• anti-mob rwj
• tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
• Cov tshuaj roj uas txhaws taus (statins)
• decongestants thiab lwm yam tshuaj kho mob khaub thuas
• insulin thiab lwm yam tshuaj kho ntshav qab zib
• tshuaj rau mob hawb pob thiab mob COPD
• tshuaj rau tus kab mob Parkinson (levodopa)
• leeg ua kom mob
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory tshuaj (NSAIDs), suav nrog ibuprofen
• lwm yam tshuaj siv los kho ntshav siab, mob hauv siab, thiab lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem
• qee qhov tshuaj tua kab mob, suav nrog phomampicin (Rifampin)

Koj yuav tsum qhia koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam tshuaj thiab tshuaj siv uas koj noj.

Koj tuaj yeem haus dej cawv thaum noj beta-blockers?

Nws yog ib qho zoo kom tsis txhob haus cawv yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv beta-blockers.

Ob qho beta-blockers thiab cawv cawv tuaj yeem txo koj cov ntshav siab. Kev sib xyaw ntawm ob qho tuaj yeem ua rau koj cov ntshav siab poob qis sai sai. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau koj cia li qaug zog, kiv taub hau, lossis lub ntsej muag ci ntsa iab. Koj yuav txawm tsaus muag yog koj sawv sai.

Yog lawm, cov kev mob tshwm sim no yog nyob ntawm koj cov tshuaj uas siv cov beta-blockers thiab koj haus dej npaum li cas. Thaum tseem tsis tau muaj kev nyab xeeb ua ke, kev haus dej cawv muaj qee zaum yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg. Tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej.

Koj yuav tsum nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham yog tias zam kev haus cawv nws nyuaj rau koj. Lwm yam tshuaj tuaj yeem muaj.

Leej twg tsis siv tshuaj beta-blockers?

Beta-blockers tsis yog rau txhua tus. Lawv yuav tsim kev pheej hmoo siab rau cov neeg uas muaj cov xwm txheej li no:

• hawb pob, mob COPD, thiab lwm yam kab mob ntsws
• mob ntshav qab zib
• ntshav siab (hypotension) lossis lub plawv dhia qeeb (bradycardia)
• metabolic acidosis
• cov ntshav khiav ceev txaus, xws li Raynaud's qhov xwm txheej
• mob plawv heev ua rau lub plawv khiav tsis zoo
• cov leeg mob hnyav heev

Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov kev mob muaj npe saum toj no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav txog lwm txoj kev xaiv ua ntej sau ntawv los ntawm beta-blocker.

Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi tseem ceeb qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob?

Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog koj li kev noj qab haus huv thiab txhua yam mob yuav pab koj kom tsis txhob muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis zoo.

• Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob paub yog tias koj xeeb tub, sim cev xeeb tub, lossis pub mis niam.
• Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam nrog tshuaj, qhia koj tus kws kho mob nrog cov npe tag nrho cov tshuaj thiab tshuaj siv uas koj noj.
• Hais qhov tseeb txog koj txoj cawv, luam yeeb, thiab siv yeeb tshuaj. Cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog beta-blockers.

Nws puas nyab xeeb kom tsis txhob siv beta-blockers?

Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai kom tsis txhob noj beta-blockers tam sim ntawd, txawm tias koj tau ntsib kev mob tshwm sim.

Thaum koj noj cov beta-blockers, koj lub cev tau siv rau koj lub plawv dhia qeeb qeeb. Yog koj tsum tsis noj tam sim ntawd, koj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob plawv heev, xws li plawv nres.

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj tau ntsib kev tsis txaus siab nrog cov beta-blockers uas kav ntev dua ib hnub lossis ob hnub. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia lwm hom tshuaj, tab sis koj tseem yuav tau maj mam dhau qhov txo koj cov koob tshuaj beta-blocker.

Hauv qab kab

Beta-blockers yog siv los kho lub plawv mob. Zoo li txhua yam tshuaj, lawv muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phiv thiab kev cuam tshuam.

Ua ntej siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv beta-blockers, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog tej yam mob uas koj muaj, cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj uas koj noj, nrog rau kev haus cawv, haus luam yeeb, thiab lwm yam tshuaj noj.

Yog koj muaj tej kev mob tshwm sim, nco ntsoov nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham sai li sai tau. Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pab koj kom txo qis ntawm cov beta-blockers thiab tawm tswv yim sib txawv.