Lub qog nodule

Lub qog ua ntshav yog ib qho kev loj hlob (mob) hauv cov thyroid caj pas. Lub qog ua kua nyob thaj tsam ntawm lub caj dab, tsuas yog sab saud uas koj lub caj dab qheb tuaj sib ntsib hauv ib nrab.

Cov thyroid nodules tshwm sim los ntawm overgrowth ntawm cov hlwb hauv cov thyroid caj pas. Cov kev loj hlob no tuaj yeem yog:

• Tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav (benign), mob qog mob cancer (mob), lossis muaj tsawg, lwm yam mob qog lossis mob kis
• Ua kua puv dej (hlwv)
• Ib qho hnoos lossis ib pawg ntawm cov pob me me
• Ua cov thyroid hormones (kub ua nodule) lossis tsis ua cov thyroid hormones (txias nodule)

Cov thyroid nodules tshwm sim heev. Lawv tshwm sim feem ntau hauv cov poj niam ntau dua li tus txiv neej. Ib tus neeg muaj txoj hmoo tau cov thyroid nodule nce nrog lub hnub nyoog.

Tsuas yog qee cov thyroid nodules tau los vim muaj cov thyroid cancer. Lub qog ua ntshav yog cov feem ntau yuav mob cancer yog tias koj:

• Muaj lub zog hnia
• Muaj lub plhaw uas daig rau cov qauv ze
• Muaj tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm mob qog noj ntshav
• Tau pom tias muaj qhov hloov ntawm koj lub suab
• Cov hnub nyoog qis dua 20 lossis laus dua 70 xyoo
• Muaj keeb kwm ntawm hluav taws xob raug rau lub taub hau lossis caj dab
• Yog txiv neej

Cov ua rau cov thyroid nodules yeej tsis pom, tab sis tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Hashimoto's disease (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam cov thyroid caj pas)
• Tsis muaj cov iodine hauv zaub mov

Feem ntau cov thyroid nodules tsis ua mob.

Cov taub hau loj tuaj yeem nias tawm tsam lwm cov qauv hauv caj dab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob xws li:

• Pom pom cov neeg tso quav (ua kom cov thyroid caj pas)
• Hoarseness lossis hloov lub suab
• Mob hauv lub caj dab
• Teeb meem ua pa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pw ntxeev tiaj
• Cov teeb meem nqos khoom noj

Nodules uas tsim cov thyroid hormones yuav yuav ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm lub qog ua haujlwm ntau, nrog rau:

• Sov, tawv nqaij tawm hws
• Cov mem tes ceev thiab palpitations
• Muaj ntau yam qab los noj mov
• Tsaus muag lossis ntxhov siab
• Nyob tsis tswm lossis pw tsis tsaug zog
• Daim tawv nqaij ua npaws lossis ua haujlwm tawm
• Ntau zaus tso quav
• Qhuas
• Lub cev yuag
• Kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem lossis lub cev ntas

Cov neeg laus uas muaj lub hnoos qeev uas tsim cov thyroid ntau dhau lawm yuav muaj cov tsos mob tsis xws luag, suav nrog:

• Nkees
• Cov lus cuav
• Kev mob hauv siab
• Kev nco ploj

Tej zaum cov thyroid nodules pom muaj nyob hauv cov neeg muaj tus mob Hashimoto. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm cov tsis muaj qog ua haujlwm tsis txaus, xws li:

• Cem quav
• Qhuav ntawm daim tawv nqaij
• Ntsej muag ntsej muag
• Nkees
• Cov plaub hau poob lawm
• Xav txias thaum lwm tus neeg tsis ua
• Qhov hnyav nce
• Kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem

Ntau zaus, hnoos qeev tsim tsis muaj tsos mob. Cov kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv feem ntau pom cov thyroid nodules thaum niaj hnub kuaj ib ce lossis kev ntsuam xyuas cov duab uas ua rau lwm qhov laj thawj. Qee tus neeg muaj cov thyroid nodules uas loj txaus uas lawv pom cov hnoos qeev ntawm lawv tus kheej thiab hais kom tus kws kho mob kuaj lawv lub caj dab.

Yog tias tus kws kho mob pom pom lub hnoos qeev lossis koj muaj cov tsos mob zoo ntawm hnoos qeev, cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua:

• TSH theem thiab lwm yam kev kuaj ntshav cov thyroid
• Cov thyroid ultrasound
• Cov thyroid scan (tshuaj nuclear)
• Kev siv rab koob hno zoo mus rau txoj kev hnoos qeev lossis ntawm ntau txoj hnyuv (qee zaum muaj kev sim tshwj xeeb hauv cov ntaub so ntswg)

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom muaj kev phais kom tshem tawm tag nrho lossis ib feem ntawm koj lub caj pas qog yog tias qhov hnoos qeev yog:

• Vim tias muaj cov thyroid mob cancer
• Ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li nqos los yog ua pa muaj teeb meem
• Yog tias rab koob txhaj koob tsis haum, thiab koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia tsis tau tias qhov hnoos qeev yog mob cancer
• Ua cov thyroid ntau dhau

Cov neeg uas muaj nodules uas ua rau cov thyroid ntau dhau lawm yuav raug kho nrog radioiodine kho. Qhov no thiaj li txo qhov loj me thiab cov haujlwm ntawm nodule. Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub lossis cov poj niam uas tseem pub mis niam mis tsis tau muab cov kev kho mob no.

Ob txoj kev phais kom tshem tawm cov qog caj pas thiab cov kev kho lub ntsej muag hauv lub cev iodine tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej hypothyroidism (tsis ua haujlwm qog). Qhov mob no yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov thyroid hormones hloov pauv (cov tshuaj txhua hnub).

Txog cov hnoos qeev uas tsis ua rau cov tsos mob thiab tsis loj hlob, kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws yuav yog:

• Ua tib zoo soj qab taug qab kuaj lub cev thiab ultrasound
• Txoj kev kuaj ntshav qog rov qab li 6 mus rau 12 hlis tom qab kuaj pom, tshwj xeeb yog cov hnoos qeev tau loj tuaj

Lwm txoj kev kho mob ntxiv yog kev pleev tshuaj cawv (cawv) rau hauv lub taub hau kom txo nws.

Tus tsis muaj ntshav lub qog ua ntshav tsis yog kev phom sij. Coob leej tsis xav tau kev kho mob. Kev tshuaj xyuas rov qab los xyuas dua yog txaus.

Qhov pom kev zoo ntawm cov qog ntshav qog ua raws li hom mob qog noj ntshav. Rau feem ntau hom mob qog nqaij hlav cancer, qhov pom tshwm sim zoo heev tom qab kev kho mob.

Tiv tauj koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj hnov ​​zoo li pom qog ntawm koj lub caj dab, lossis yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub qog ua ntshav.

Yog tias koj raug cov hluav taws xob ntau rau lub ntsej muag lossis caj dab, tiv tauj koj tus kws kho mob. Lub caj dab ultrasound tuaj yeem ua kom pom cov thyroid nodules.

Lub qog hlav hlav - nodule; Lub qog adenoma - nodule; Lub qog carcinoma - nodule; Lub qog mob cancer - nodule; Lub qog incidentaloma; Kub nodule; Mob khaub thuas nodule; Thyrotoxicosis - nodule; Hyperthyroidism - nodule

• Cov thyroid caj pas tshem tawm - tawm

• Lub qog ua ntshav kuaj lub caj pas

Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Ntawv Vajtswv KC, li al.2015 American Thyroid Association cov kev cai tswj hwm rau cov neeg mob qog nqaij hlav ntshav qab zib thiab txawv txav cov qog nqaij hlav ua rau cov thyroid mob sib txawv: American Thyroid Association Cov Kev Nqis Tes Ua Haujlwm ntawm thyroid Nodules thiab Ua Rau Kawv Mob Cancer. Lub qog. 2016; 26 (1): 1-133. PMID: 26462967 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26462967/.

Filetti S, Tuttle M, Leboulleux S, Alexander EK. Nontoxic diffuse goiter, qhov hnoos qeev muaj qog, thiab cov thyroid malignancies. Hauv: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Williams Phau Ntawv ntawm Endocrinology. Xab 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 14.

Jonklaas J, Cooper DS. Lub qog. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Tshuaj. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 213.