Mob hlwb - thawj - cov neeg laus

Thawj lub qog hlwb yog ib pab pawg (pawg) ntawm lub hlwb txawv txav uas pib hauv lub hlwb.

Cov hlav qog ntshav xub thawj suav nrog tej qog ntshav uas pib rau lub hlwb. Cov qog thawj hauv lub hlwb tuaj yeem pib los ntawm lub hlwb hlwb, cov qog ua nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hlwb (meninges), leeg ntshav, lossis cov qog.

Cov qog tau ncaj qha tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lub hlwb. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlwb los ntawm kev tsim cov mob, tso ntshav ntawm lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub hlwb, thiab nce siab hauv pob txha taub hau.

Qhov ua kom paub qog hlav ntawm lub hlwb tseem tsis tau paub. Nws muaj ntau yam kev pheej hmoo uas tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm:

• Kev siv hluav taws xob siv los kho cov qog nqaij hlav hlwb nce ntxiv ntawm kev mob qog nqaij hlav mus txog 20 lossis 30 xyoo tom qab.
• Qee qhov mob raws caj ces ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov qog hlwb, suav nrog neurofibromatosis, Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, thiab Turcot syndrome.
• Lymphomas uas pib hauv lub hlwb hauv cov neeg tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv lub cev tsis muaj zog qee zaum txuas rau kev kis los ntawm tus kab mob Epstein-Barr.

Cov no tsis tau muaj pov thawj ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo:

• Raug tawm ntawm hluav taws xob thaum ua haujlwm, lossis txuas rau lub xov tooj hluav taws xob, xov tooj ntawm tes, lub xov tooj tsis muaj hlua, lossis lub xov tooj wireless
• Lub taub hau raug mob
• Haus Yeeb
• Kev kho tshuaj hormones

HOM TSHWJ XEEM HOM

Cov hlav hlav hlwb tau faib raws li:

• Qhov chaw ntawm lub qog
• Hom ntaub so ntswg koom tes nrog
• Txawm hais tias lawv yuav tsis mob khaub thuas (benign) lossis mob qog nqaij hlav (malignant)
• Lwm yam

Qee zaum, qog hlav pib tshwm sim tsawg dua tuaj yeem hloov pauv lawv tus cwj pwm hauv biologic thiab dhau los ua kev txhoj puab heev.

Lub qog tau tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog li cas, tab sis muaj ntau hom feem ntau tshwm sim hauv qee pawg hnub nyoog. Hauv cov neeg laus, gliomas thiab meningiomas yog qhov ntau tshaj.

Gliomas los ntawm glial hlwb xws li astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, thiab ependymal hlwb. Gliomas tau muab faib ua peb hom:

• Cov qog Astrocytic muaj xws li astrocytomas (tuaj yeem yog cov tsis huv), anaplastic astrocytomas, thiab glioblastomas.
• Cov hlav hlav Oligodendroglial. Qee cov qog hlav hlwb ua tau los ntawm ob qho tib si astrocytic thiab oligodendrocytic hlav. Cov no yog hu ua cov gliomas sib xyaw.
• Glioblastomas yog hom qog ua ntej lub hlwb.

Meningiomas thiab schwannomas yog ob hom qog hlwb hlav. Cov qog:

• Feem ntau tshwm sim thaum hnub nyoog 40 txog 70 xyoo.
• Feem ntau tsis yog lub cev, tab sis tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hnyav thiab tuag los ntawm lawv qhov loj lossis thaj chaw. Qee tus yog mob caj dab thiab txhoj puab heev.

Lwm cov qog hlav hlwb rau cov neeg laus muaj tsawg. Cov no suav nrog:

• Ependymomas
• Craniopharyngiomas
• Pituitary hlav
• Qib ib puag ncig (hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb - CNS) lymphoma
• Pineal caj hlav hlav
• Thawj lub qog cell hlav ntawm lub hlwb

Cov qog ua rau tsis ua mob li kom txog thaum lawv loj. Lwm cov qog muaj cov tsos mob uas pib qeeb.

Cov tsos mob nyob ntawm lub qog loj dua, qhov chaw nyob, nws kis tau deb npaum li cas, thiab seb puas muaj mob o. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog:

• Hloov pauv ntawm tus neeg qhov kev xav
• Mob taub Hau
• Mob chua leeg (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov laus)
• Kev ua kom tsis muaj zog hauv ib qho ntawm lub cev

Mob taub hau los ntawm cov qog hlwb yuav:

• Pheej muaj qhov tsis zoo thaum tus neeg tsim thaum sawv ntxov, thiab pom meej hauv ob peb teev
• Muaj tshwm sim thaum pw
• Muaj tshwm sim nrog ntuav, tsis meej pem, ob lub zeem muag, tsis muaj zog, lossis loog
• Mob hnyav dua nrog kev hnoos lossis qoj ib ce, lossis muaj kev hloov chaw hauv lub cev

Lwm cov tsos mob tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Hloov pauv hauv kev ceev faj (suav nrog kev tsaug zog, tsis nco qab, thiab tsis nco qab)
• Hloov pauv hauv qhov hnov, hnov ​​qab, lossis hnov ​​tsw
• Hloov pauv cuam tshuam rau qhov kov thiab lub peev xwm hnov ​​mob, siab, txawv kub, lossis lwm yam kev tawm tsam
• Tsis meej pem lossis nco qab
• Nyuaj nqos nyuaj
• Nyuaj rau kev sau ntawv lossis nyeem ntawv
• Kiv taub hau lossis txawv txav ntawm qhov txav ntawm lub cev (txav dua tshiab)
• Cov teeb meem qhov muag xws li tawv qhov muag daj, cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm qhov sib txawv, qhov muag tsis pom kev, qhov muag tsis pom kev (suav nrog tsis pom kev, pom ob lub qhov muag, lossis tsis pom kev tag nrho)
• Tes tshee
• Kev tswj tsis tau lub zais zis lossis lub plab hnyuv
• Kev ploj ntawm kev tshuav lossis kev sib koom tes, tsis paub qab hau, ntsib teeb meem
• Nqaij ua kom tsis muaj zog hauv lub ntsej muag, caj npab, lossis ceg (feem ntau tsuas yog ib sab xwb)
• Xuas caj dab los yog tingling ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev
• Tus cwj pwm, kev xav, hloov cwj pwm, lossis kev hloov pauv
• Teeb meem hais lus lossis to taub lwm tus neeg hais lus

Lwm cov tsos mob uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog lub qog pituitary:

• Txawv lub txiv mis tawm
• Kev coj tus kheej qhaj (ntu)
• Kev loj hlob ntawm lub mis hauv tus txiv neej
• Tshab ob txhais tes, taw
• Tshaj lub cev plaub hau
• Hloov ntawm lub ntsej muag
• Cov ntshav siab qis
• Kev pham
• Hnov qhov sov lossis txias

Cov ntawv sim hauv qab no tuaj yeem lees paub tias muaj cov qog hlwb thiab nrhiav nws qhov chaw nyob:

• CT scan ntawm lub taub hau
• EEG (los ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob kev ua ntawm lub hlwb)
• Kev kuaj cov ntaub so ntswg tshem tawm cov qog thaum phais lossis CT-coj kev kuaj me me (tuaj yeem paub meej hom qog)
• Kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov hlwb txha caj qaum (CSF) (tej zaum yuav pom muaj cov qog nqaij hlav cancer)
• MRI ntawm lub taub hau

Txoj kev khomob tuaj yeem suav nrog kev phais mob, kho hluav taws xob, thiab siv tshuaj kho mob. Kev mob qog yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm pab pawg uas suav nrog:

• Neuro-oncologist
• Neurosurgeon
• Kws tshuaj oncologist
• Kws phais hluav taws xob oncologist
• Lwm cov chaw kho mob, xws li cov kws kho mob hlwb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm sib raug zoo

Ntxov kev kho thaum ntxov feem ntau txhim kho txoj kev pheej hmoo zoo. Kev kho yog nyob ntawm qhov loj me thiab hom qog thiab koj cov kev noj qab haus huv feem ntau. Cov hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob yuav kho tus qog, daws cov tsos mob, thiab txhim kho lub hlwb ua haujlwm lossis kev nplij siab.

Kev phais feem ntau xav tau rau feem ntau ntawm cov hlav hlav hlwb. Cov qog yuav tshem tawm tag nrho. Cov uas tob hauv lub hlwb lossis nkag rau hauv lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg tuaj yeem tawm tsam dua li tshem tawm. Kev tawm tsam yog qhov txheej txheem kom txo qhov nqaij hlav loj.

Cov nqaij hlav tawv tuaj yeem tshem tawm nyuaj los ntawm kev phais ib leeg. Qhov no yog vim tias cov nqaij hlav ua rau cov hlwb cov av ib puag ncig zoo li cov hauv paus hniav los ntawm ib tsob nroj kis tau los ntawm av. Thaum cov qog tshem tawm tsis tau, kev phais kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab txo qis siab thiab txo cov tsos mob.

Kev siv hluav taws xob yog siv rau qee cov qog.

Kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob yuav siv nrog kev phais mob lossis kho hluav taws xob.

Lwm yam tshuaj siv los kho lub qog hlwb hauv cov menyuam yaus suav nrog:

• Tshuaj noj txhawm rau txo lub hlwb o thiab nias siab
• Anticonvulsants los txo cov qaug dab peg
• Tshuaj kho mob

Yuav tsum muaj kev ua kom yooj yim, ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, kho lub cev, thiab kev kho lub cev kom ua haujlwm kom tau lub neej zoo. Cov kev txhawb tswv yim, pab pawg txhawb nqa, thiab cov ntsuas zoo sib xws tuaj yeem pab tib neeg daws kev cuam tshuam.

Koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tso npe tawm hauv kev sim kho mob tom qab sib tham nrog pab neeg kho koj.

Cov teeb meem uas yuav yog los ntawm cov qog hlwb nrog:

• Herniation lub hlwb (feem ntau ua rau tuag taus)
• Kev ploj tsis muaj peev xwm los sib cuam tshuam lossis ua haujlwm
• Kev ruaj khov tas mus li, ua kom tsis zoo, thiab ua rau lub hlwb khiav tsis zoo
• Rov qab ntawm cov qog
• Kev phiv tshuaj, nrog rau kev siv tshuaj
• Phiv phiv los ntawm kev kho mob hluav taws xob

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj mob tshiab, mob taub hau lossis lwm cov tsos mob ntawm lub hlwb.

Hu rau koj tus kws khomob lossis mus khomob hauv chav khomob xwmtxheej ceev yog koj pib qaug dab peg, lossis tsim dheev tus neeg ntawd txo qhovmuag (tsis paub meej), tsis pom kev, lossis hloov hais lus.

Glioblastoma multiforme - cov neeg laus; Ependymoma - cov neeg laus; Glioma - cov neeg laus; Astrocytoma - cov neeg laus; Medulloblastoma - cov neeg laus; Neuroglioma - cov neeg laus; Oligodendroglioma - cov neeg laus; Lymphoma - cov neeg laus; Vestibular schwannoma (lub suab ntawm lub paj hlwb) - cov neeg laus; Meningioma - cov neeg laus; Mob Cancer - hlav qog ntshav (cov neeg laus)

• Hlwb hluav taws xob - tawm paug
• Kev phais mob hlwb - tso tawm
• Kev siv tshuaj kho mob - dab tsi yuav nug koj tus kws kho mob
• Kev siv hluav taws xob kho - cov lus nug kom nug koj tus kws kho mob
• Stereotactic radiosurgery - tso tawm

• Mob hlav

Dorsey JF, Salinas RD, Dang M, li al. Mob kheesxaws ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb. Hauv: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 63.

Michaud DS. Kev mob hlwb tawm ntawm cov qog hlwb. Hauv: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology nyob rau hauv Kev Soj Ntsuam. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 71.

Lub koom haum Cancer National website. Cov laus lub hauv nruab nrab cov leeg hlav kho (PDQ) - cov kws kho mob kom zoo ntxiv. www.cancer.gov/types/brain/hp/adult-brain-nyuj-pdq. Hloov kho Lub Ib Hlis 22, 2020. Nkag mus rau Lub Tsib Hlis 12, 2020.

Lub Tebchaws National Comprehensive Cancer Network lub vev xaib. NCCN Cov Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Lus Qhia Hauv Oncology (Cov Lus Qhia NCCN): cov qog nqaij hlav hauv hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb. Daim Ntawv 2.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cns.pdf. Hloov kho thaum Lub Plaub Hlis 30, 2020. Nkag mus rau Lub Tsib Hlis 12, 2020.