Hemoglobin electrophoresis

Hemoglobin yog protein uas nqa oxygen hauv cov ntshav. Hemoglobin electrophoresis ntsuas cov qib ntawm cov sib txawv ntawm cov protein no hauv cov ntshav.

Xav tau cov ntshav ntxiv.

Hauv tsev kuaj sim, tus kws sim tso ntshav tso rau ntawm daim ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Cov hemoglobins txav mus rau ntawm daim ntawv thiab sau ua cov kab nrig uas qhia qhov nyiaj ntawm txhua hom hemoglobin.

Tsis muaj kev npaj tshwj xeeb yog qhov tsim nyog rau qhov kev ntsuas no.

Thaum cov koob tau tso rau hauv cov ntshav, qee cov neeg hnov ​​mob me ntsis. Lwm tus neeg tsuas hnov ​​tus cwj pwm lossis lub qhov ncauj. Tom qab ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj qee qhov thos lossis me me sib duav. Tsis ntev no ploj mus.

Koj tuaj yeem kuaj tau no yog tias koj tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv xav tias koj muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm hemoglobin (hemoglobinopathy) tsis txawv txav.

Ntau hom hemoglobin (Hb) muaj nyob. Cov neeg nquag nyiam tshaj plaws yog HbA, HbA2, HbE, HbF, HbS, HbC, HbH, thiab HbM. Cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv tsuas muaj qib tseem ceeb ntawm HbA thiab HbA2 nkaus xwb.

Qee tus neeg kuj tseem yuav muaj tsawg tus HbF. Qhov no yog hom hemoglobin tseem ceeb hauv tus menyuam lub cev. Qee cov kabmob muaj feem nrog theem siab HbF (thaum HbF ntau dua 2% ntawm tag nrho hemoglobin).

HbS yog ib qho kev txawv txav ntawm hemoglobin txuam nrog sickle cell anemia. Hauv cov neeg muaj tus mob no, cov ntshav liab qee zaum muaj crescent lossis sickle daim duab. Cov kab mob no yooj yim rhuav lossis thaiv cov hlab ntshav me.

HbC yog ib qho kev txawv txav ntawm hemoglobin cuam tshuam nrog hemolytic anemia. Cov tsos mob yuav hnyav dua li lawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav liab ntawm lub raum.

Lwm yam, tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, txawv txav Hb lwg me me ua rau lwm yam ntshav tsis txaus.

Hauv cov neeg laus, cov no yog feem pua ​​ib txwm ntawm txawv hemoglobin lwg me me:

• HbA: 95% txog 98% (0.95 rau 0.98)
• HbA2: 2% rau 3% (0.02 txog 0.03)
• HbE: Qhaj
• HbF: 0.8% rau 2% (0.008 txog 0.02)
• HbS: Tsis tuaj
• HbC: Qhaj

Hauv cov menyuam mos thiab menyuam yaus, cov no yog feem pua ​​ntawm HbF lwg me me:

• HbF (cov menyuam yug tshiab): 50% txog 80% (0.5 txog 0.8)
• HbF (6 hlis): 8%
• HbF (dhau 6 lub hlis): 1% rau 2%

Cov kab ke tus nqi yuav txawv me ntsis ntawm ntau lub chaw soj nstuam. Qee qhov kuaj pom siv cov kev ntsuas sib txawv lossis sim cov qauv sib txawv. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj cov kev kuaj sim.

Cov qib hemoglobins txawv txav yuav qhia tau:

• Hemoglobin C kab mob
• Tsis tshua muaj hemoglobinopathy
• Sickle cell anemia
• Inherited blood disorder nyob rau hauv uas lub cev ua ib qho kev txawv txav ntawm hemoglobin (thalassemia)

Koj yuav muaj qhov ntsuas tsis raug lossis tsis txawv yog tias koj tau tso ntshav ntxiv hauv 12 asthiv ntawm kev kuaj ntshav no.

Qhov feem ntau yuav muaj feem tsawg nrog qhov kev coj koj cov ntshav mus. Cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha sib txawv raws li ib tug neeg mus rau lwm qhov thiab ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev mus rau lwm qhov. Noj ntshav los ntawm qee tus neeg yuav nyuaj dua li lwm tus.

Lwm yam kev phom sij los cuam tshuam nrog kev kos ntshav me ntsis tab sis yuav suav nrog:

• Los ntshav ntau
• Tsaus muag lossis hnov ​​nkaus lub teeb
• Hematoma (ntshav buildup hauv qab daim tawv nqaij)
• Kev kis tus kab mob (muaj kev pheej hmoo me me txhua lub sijhawm ntawm daim tawv tawg)

Hb electrophoresis; Hgb electrophoresis; Electrophoresis - hemoglobin; Thallasemia - electrophoresis; Sickle cell - electrophoresis; Hemoglobinopathy - electrophoresis

Calihan J. Hematology. Hauv: Kleinman K, Mcdaniel L, Molloy M, eds. Txoj Cai Harriet LaneCov. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 14.

Elghetany MT, Schexneider KI, Banki K. Erythrocytic mob. Hauv: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Kev Kuaj Mob thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas los ntawm Laboratory Txoj KevCov. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 32.

Txhais tau tias RT. Mus kom ze rau lub anemias. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 149.