Tshuaj tiv thaiv (tshuaj tiv thaiv)

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog siv los txhim kho koj lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab tiv thaiv kab mob kev phom sij, muaj sia nyob.

YUAV UA LI CAS LUB VACCINES ZOO

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv "qhia" koj lub cev yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv nws tus kheej thaum muaj kab mob, xws li cov kab mob lossis kab mob, tuaj yeem:

• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau koj pom tsawg los, muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev ntawm cov kab mob lossis kab mob uas tau ua kom tsis muaj zog lossis raug tua.
• Koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ces kawm paub txog thiab tiv thaiv tus kab mob yog tias koj kis rau nws tom qab lub neej.
• Raws li qhov tshwm sim, koj yuav tsis ua mob, lossis koj yuav muaj kev sib kis me me. Nov yog txoj hauv kev nrog rau kis tus kab mob.

Tam sim no muaj plaub hom tshuaj tiv thaiv:

• Nyob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv khaub thuas siv hom kab mob uas tsis muaj zog (attenuated) ntawm tus kab mob no. Piv txwv li, cov mob qhua pias mob qhua pias, mob qog, thiab rubella (MMR) thiab koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tus mob qhua dej qhua taum yog cov piv txwv.
• Txhaj (tshuaj tiv thaiv) tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsim los ntawm cov protein lossis lwm cov khoom me me uas tau los ntawm tus kabmob lossis cov kabmob. Kab mob hnoos hawbpob (kabmob hnoos hawbpob) yog ib qho piv txwv.
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj ib cov taug lom lossis tshuaj ua los ntawm cov kab mob lossis kab mob. Lawv ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv qhov ua mob tsis zoo ntawm tus kab mob, tsis txhob kis rau nws tus kheej. Piv txwv yog cov tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv mob qa foob thiab mob kab xeb.
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv biosynthetic muaj cov tshuaj manmade uas zoo heev rau cov kab mob lossis cov kab mob. Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab B yog ib qho piv txwv.

VIM LI CAS PEB YUAV TSUM TAU XAUV

Ob peb lub lis piam tom qab yug me nyuam, muaj qee tus tiv thaiv los ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob. Qhov kev tiv thaiv no yog dhau ntawm lawv niam los ntawm tus niam mis ua ntej yug. Tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv, qhov kev tiv thaiv ntuj no ploj mus.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pab tiv thaiv tau ntau yam mob uas tau siv dhau los. Xws li muaj mob kab xeb, mob qa txhaws ntswg, kabmob qog ntshav, mob qhua pias, kabmob hnoos hawbpob (kabmob hnoos hawbpob), kabmob hlwb thiab tus kabmob polio. Ntau yam kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav lossis ua rau tuag tau thiab yuav ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntev mus. Vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ntau cov kab mob no muaj tsawg kawg.

KEV RUAJ NTSEG NTAWM VACCINES

Qee tus neeg txhawj xeeb tias kev txhaj tshuaj tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij, tshwj xeeb yog rau menyuam yaus. Tej zaum lawv yuav hais kom lawv tus kws kho mob tos lossis xaiv tias lawv tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tab sis cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv deb tshaj li lawv qhov kev pheej hmoo.

Cov American Academy of Pediatrics, Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob (CDC), thiab Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Tshuaj Txhua yam xaus lus tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshaj qhov lawv txaus ntshai.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, xws li mob qhua pias, mob pob txuv, qhua pias, qhua taum, thiab quav txau tshuaj rau lub qhov ntswg muaj cov ciaj sia, tab sis cov kab mob ua tsis muaj zog:

• Tshwj tsis yog tias ib tus neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, nws tsis zoo tias qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav muab rau tus neeg kis. Cov neeg uas lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsum tsis txhob txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no.
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj sia no tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij rau tus menyuam hauv lub cev xeeb tub. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob ua mob rau menyuam, cov pojniam xeeb tub yuav tsum tsis txhob txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhia koj sijhawm kom tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no.

Thimerosal yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv uas tau pom nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yav dhau los. Tab sis tam sim no:

• Muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv khaub thuas rau menyuam mos thiab menyuam yaus yam tsis muaj thimerosal.
• TSIS muaj lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas siv rau cov menyuam yaus lossis cov neeg laus muaj lub cev ntuag ntshav nrog.
• Kev tshawb nrhiav ntau xyoo dhau los TSIS tau qhia qhov sib txuas ntawm thimerosal thiab autism lossis lwm yam teebmeem mob.

Kev tsis haum qhov tsis tshua muaj thiab feem ntau yog rau qee feem (feem) ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

NQUS LUS HAIS

Lub sij hawm uas tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv (txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv) raug muab hloov kho tshiab txhua 12 lub hlis los ntawm Asmeskas Chaw Rau Kev Tswj Xyuas thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob (CDC). Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb rau koj lossis koj tus menyuam. Cov lus qhia tam sim no muaj nyob hauv CDC lub vev xaib: www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules.

Lub tsheb laij teb

CDC lub vev xaib (wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel) muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv rau cov neeg taug kev mus rau lwm lub tebchaws. Ntau txoj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsum tau txais tsawg kawg 1 hlis ua ntej mus ncig.

Nqa koj cov ntaub ntawv txhaj tshuaj nrog koj thaum koj taug kev mus rau lwm lub tebchaws. Qee lub tebchaws xav tau cov ntaub ntawv no.

COMMON HOM

• Tshuaj tiv thaiv qhua pob
• DTaP kev txhaj tshuaj (tshuaj tiv thaiv)
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab hom A
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab B
• Tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv mob Hib
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv mob HPV
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv khaub thuas
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv meningococcal
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv MMR
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws o
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv mob ntsws o
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv tus mob Polio (tshuaj tiv thaiv)
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rotavirus
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv sab foob
• Koob tshuaj tivthaiv Tdap
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv mob kab xeb

Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv; Kev Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv; Tshuaj Ntsuam Cov Tshuaj; Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob; Kev Tiv Thaiv - tshuaj tiv thaiv

• Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv
• Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Bernstein HH, Kilinsky A, Orenstein WA. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm PediatricsCov. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 197.

Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob lub vev xaib. Thimerosal Cov Lus Nug. www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/Concerns/thimerosal/thimerosal_faqs.html. Hloov kho thaum Lub Yim Hli 19, 2020. Nkag mus Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 6, 2020.

Freedman MS, Hunter P, Ault K, Kroger A. Pawg neeg sawv cev tshaj tawm tswv yim txog kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev pom zoo rau cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 19 xyoos lossis tshaj saud - Tebchaws Asmeskas, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly RepCov. 2020; 69 (5): 133-135. PMID: 32027627 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32027627/.

Kroger AT, Pickering LK, Mawle A, Hinman AR, Orenstein WA. Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv. Hauv: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, thiab Bennett's Cov Ntsiab Cai thiab Kev Coj Ua ntawm Kab Mob KisCov. 9le ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 316.

Pawg Robinson CL, Bernstein H, Poehling K, Romero JR, Szilagyi P. Pab tswv yim rau kev qhia txog kev txhaj tshuaj pom zoo cov sijhawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas hnub nyoog 18 xyoo lossis qis dua - Tebchaws Asmeskas, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly RepCov. 2020; 69 (5): 130-132. PMID: 32027628 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32027628/.

Strikas RA, Orenstein WA. Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 15.