Kev tswj tsis pub muaj menyuam thiab phiaj xwm hauv tsev
Koj xaiv hom kev tswj tsis pub muaj menyuam nyob ntawm ntau yam, nrog koj noj qab haus huv, koj muaj sib deev heev npaum li cas, thiab saib koj puas xav muaj menyuam dabtsi.
Nov yog qee cov lus nug los xav txog thaum xaiv hom kev tswj tsis pub muaj menyuam:
- Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub zoo li cas? Txhawm rau qhia tias ib txoj kev ua haujlwm tau zoo npaum li cas, saib tus naj npawb ntawm cev xeeb tub hauv 100 tus poj niam siv qhov qauv ntawd ntev li 1 xyoos.
- Koj lub siab xav li cas txog kev xeeb tub? Kev xeeb tub uas tsis tau npaj cia yuav tsim kev nyuaj lossis kev ntxhov siab rau tus pojniam lossis nws tus khub? Lossis yuav muaj kev xeeb tub yog tias nws tshwm sim ntxov dua li tau npaj tseg?
- Txoj kev tswj tsis pub muaj menyuam yuav raug nqi npaum li cas? Koj txoj kev npaj fajseeb khomob puas them rau nws?
- Cov kab mob kev noj qab haus huv yog dab tsi? Tham txog cov kev pheej hmoo no nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej ntseeg qhov koj hnov los ntawm lwm tus.
- Koj tus khub puas kam lees thiab siv txoj kev tswj tsis pub muaj menyuam?
- Koj puas xav tau txoj kev koj tsuas xav tau siv thaum koj muaj kev sib deev? Los yog koj puas xav tau qee yam uas nyob hauv qhov chaw thiab ib txwm ua haujlwm?
- Puas yog kev tiv thaiv kev sib kis los ntawm kev sib daj sib deev tseem ceeb? Ntau txoj kev tiv thaiv tsis tiv thaiv koj los ntawm kev sib kis kabmob sib kis (STIs). Cov hnab looj qau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv STIs. Lawv ua hauj lwm zoo dua thaum ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Qhov muaj: Cov qauv no siv tau yam tsis tas yuav tshuaj, kev mus ntsib kws kho mob, lossis, thaum menyuam tsis tau muaj hnub nyoog, niam txiv tso cai?
BARRIER METHODS COV YUG CWJ
TXHEEJ TXHEEM:
- Lub hnab looj yog ib daim nyias nyias lossis cov polyurethane hnab tawv. Tus txiv neej lub hnab looj yog muab tso nyob ib ncig ntawm chaw mos. Tus poj niam looj lub hnab looj raug muab tso rau sab hauv lub paum ua ntej kev sib deev.
- Cov hnab looj yuav tsum looj txhua lub sijhawm thaum sib deev tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub.
- Cov hnab looj qau tuaj yeem yuav yuav hauv feem ntau cov khw muag tshuaj thiab khw muag khoom. Qee lub tsev kuaj mob muaj phiaj xwm pub dawb siv hnab looj. Koj tsis tas yuav tshuaj los txhawm rau kom siv hnab looj.
DIAPHRAGM THIAB HAIS PUB HOM:
- Lub diaphragm yog lub khob roj hmab hloov tau yooj yim uas tau sau nrog cov tshuaj tua kab ua kua lossis txiv ntoo.
- Muab tso rau qhov chaw mos hla lub ncauj tsev menyuam ua ntej sib deev, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom cov phev los txog ntawm lub tsev menyuam.
- Nws yuav tsum tseg nyob hauv qhov chaw li 6 rau 8 teev tom qab kev sib deev.
- Diaphragms yuav tsum yog tus kws kho mob muab ntawv pov thawj. Tus kws zov me nyuam yuav txiav txim siab hom thiab qhov loj ntawm diaphragm rau tus poj niam.
- Txog 5 txog 20 cev xeeb tub tshwm sim ntau dua 1 xyoos hauv 100 tus poj niam siv txoj kev no, nyob ntawm kev siv kom raug.
- Qhov zoo sib xws, cov khoom me me hu ua lub ncauj tsev menyuam.
- Kev phom sij muaj xws li ua rau khaus thiab ua xua rau diaphragm lossis tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab muaj ntau zaus tso zis thiab mob rau lub paum. Muaj qee zaus, mob syog ua kom mob nhyav heev tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov poj niam uas tawm ntawm daim da dej ntev ntev. Lub ncauj tsev menyuam yuav ua rau kev ntsuam xyuas Pap txawv txav.
DAIM HLOOV TXHUA YAM:
- Vaginal contraceptive daim txhuam cev muaj mos mos, thiab muaj cov tshuaj tua kabmob lossis "cuam tshuam" phev.
- Daim txhuam cev yog noo noo thiab ntsaws rau hauv qhov chaw mos, kom npog lub ncauj tsev menyuam ua ntej sib deev.
- Daim txhuam cev ntawm lub paum yuav tuaj yeem yuav tom koj lub tsev muag tshuaj yam tsis muaj daim ntawv yuav tshuaj.
HORMONAL TXOJCAI NTAWM YAM YUG TSWJ
Qee txoj kev tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub siv cov tshuaj hormones.Lawv yuav muaj ob qho tshuaj estrogen thiab progestin, lossis ib qho progestin ib leeg. Koj xav tau daim ntawv yuav tshuaj rau cov kev tswj kom tsis txhob muaj menyuam ntau.
- Ob qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv ob leeg tiv thaiv poj niam lub zes qe menyuam tawm lub qe thaum nws phaum. Lawv ua qhov no los ntawm cuam tshuam txog qib ntawm lwm cov tshuaj hormones hauv lub cev ua.
- Cov Progestins pab tiv thaiv cov phev los ntawm kev mus rau lub qe los ntawm kev hnoos qeev nyob ib ncig ntawm tus poj niam lub ncauj tsev menyuam tuab thiab nplaum.
Hom kev qhia tswj kev xeeb tub menyuam yog:
- Tshuaj noj tiv thaiv tsis pub muaj menyuam: Cov no yuav muaj ob qho tshuaj estrogen thiab progestin, lossis tsuas yog progestin.
- Cuam Tshuam: Cov no yog cov pas nrig me me muab cog hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. Lawv tso cov tshuaj hormones txuas ntxiv los tiv thaiv ov ov.
- Kev siv tshuaj progestin, xws li Depo-Provera, uas tau muab rau cov leeg ntawm qaum lossis caj pas ib zaug txhua 3 lub hlis.
- Cov tawv nqaij ua ke, xws li Ortho Evra, tau muab tso rau ntawm koj lub xub pwg, pob tw, lossis lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Nws tso tawm cov tshuaj hormones ntau zuj zus.
- Ntiv nplhaib paum, xws li NuvaRing, lub nplhaib hloov pauv tau ntev li 2 ntiv (5 centimeters). Muab tso rau qhov chaw mos. Nws tso tawm cov tshuaj hormones progestin thiab estrogen.
- Kev tiv thaiv mob thaum ti tes ti taw (lossis "thaum sawv ntxov tom qab"): Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem yuav tsis tau tshuaj ntawm koj lub tsev muag tshuaj.
IUD (INTRAUTERINE DAIS):
- Lub IUD yog cov yas me lossis tooj liab tso rau hauv tus poj niam lub tsev menyuam los ntawm nws tus kws khomob. Qee qhov IUD tso tawm cov me me ntawm progestin. IUDs tuaj yeem tso nyob rau hauv 3 rau 10 xyoo, nyob ntawm seb siv khoom siv.
- IUDs tuaj yeem muab tso rau yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm.
- IUDs muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Tsawg dua li 1 leeg ntawm 100 tus pojniam hauv ib xyoos yuav xeeb tub uas siv IUD.
- IUDs uas tso tawm cov progestin tuaj yeem kho tus mob hnyav los ntshav thiab txo kev mob plab. Lawv yuav ua rau lub sijhawm ua kom tsum kiag.
COV NEEG COJ COV NEEG HLAU NTAWM DAIM TAWG
Cov hau kev no zoo tshaj plaws rau txiv neej, poj niam, thiab khub niam txiv uas xav tias tsis xav muaj menyuam yav tom ntej. Lawv suav nrog vasectomy thiab tubal ligation. Cov txheej txheem no qee zaum yuav rov qab tau yog tias lub cev xeeb menyuam xav tau rau lwm lub sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ua tiav qhov zoo rau kev thim rov qab tsis yog siab.
BIRTH CONTROL METHODS UAS TSIS TAU UA HAUJ LWM HEEV
- Kev rho tawm tus qau los ntawm qhov chaw mos ua ntej ejaculation tuaj yeem tseem muaj menyuam hauv plab. Qee cov phev feem ntau dim ua ntej rho tawm tag nrho. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom txaus lub cev xeeb tub.
- Kev tu ncua tsis ntev tom qab kev sib deev tsis zoo li yuav ua haujlwm. Cov phev tuaj yeem ua rau lawv txoj kev dhau ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dhau ntawm 90 vib nas this. Douching tsis tau txais kev pom zoo vim tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob hauv tsev menyuam thiab hlab plab raj.
- Kev pub niam mis: Txawm hais tias lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg, cov pojniam uas pub niam mis rau menyuam noj tuaj yeem cev xeeb tub.
Pov tseg; Kev npaj kom muaj menyuam sib thiab kev xeeb tub; Coitus interruptus
- Lub ncauj tsev menyuam plaub hau
- Lub diaphragm
- Tus poj niam looj
- Intrauterine ntaus ntawv
- Sab pom sab ntawm poj niam kev muaj me nyuam
- Tus txiv neej looj
- Tshuaj tua kom txhob muaj me nyuam
- Tubal yaj
- Vaginal ntiv nplhaib
- Cov hau kev thaiv txoj kev tswj tsis pub muaj menyuam - koob
- Ua ntej thiab tom qab vasectomy
- Tubal ligation - Series
- Tshuaj txwv tsis pub muaj menyuam yaus - koob
American College ntawm Obstetricians thiab Gynecologist. ACOG Kev Ua Daim Ntawv No 206: Kev siv qhov kev xeeb menyuam hauv lub cev hauv cov poj niam nrog coexisting cov mob. Obstet Gynecol. 2019; 133 (2): 396-399. PMID: 30681537 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681537/.
Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Rau Cov Hluas. Pawg Tswv Cuab Kev xav 699: Cov pojniam cev xeeb tub, cev xeeb tub, thiab kev sib deev. Obstet GynecolCov. 2017; 129 (5): e142-e149. PMID: 28426620 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28426620/.
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Jatlaoui TC, Ermias Y, Zapata LB. Pov tseg. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm PediatricsCov. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 143.
Rivlin K, Westhoff C. Kev npaj rau tsev neeg. Hauv: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. Saib Hluag Tshaj Lij HlawvCov. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: cha 13.