Alkalosis

Alkalosis yog ib qho mob uas lub cev ua kua dej hauv lub cev muaj ntau lub hauv paus (alkali). Qhov no yog qhov fab ntxeev ntawm tshaj acid (acidosis).

Lub raum thiab lub ntsws ua kom muaj qhov sib luag zoo (qib pH qib) ntawm cov tshuaj lom hu ua cov kua qaub thiab cov hauv paus hauv lub cev. Kev txo qis cov pa roj carbon dioxide (qib acid) lossis nce bicarbonate (qib qis) ua rau lub cev ua kom tsis qab los yog alkaline, ib qho xwm txheej hu ua alkalosis. Muaj ntau hom alkalosis. Cov no yog piav rau hauv qab no.

Kev ua pa ntawm alkalosis yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov pa carbon dioxide tsawg nyob hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog vim:

• Ua npaws
• Ua nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw siab
• Tsis muaj oxygen
• Mob siab
• Kab mob ntsws, uas ua rau koj ua pa sai dua (hyperventilate)
• Tshuaj aspirin lom

Kev zom zaub tsib yog tshwm sim los ntawm bicarbonate ntau dhau hauv cov ntshav. Nws kuj tseem tshwm sim tau vim tias muaj qee yam mob raum.

Cov mob hypoxloremic alkalosis yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis tshua muaj lossis tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom chloride, xws li los ntawm ntuav ntev.

Hypokalemic alkalosis tshwm sim los ntawm lub raum 'cov lus teb rau ib qho kev tsis txaus ntseeg lossis ploj cov poov tshuaj. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj qee cov tshuaj noj dej (tshuaj tua kab mob).

Composeated alkalosis tshwm sim thaum lub cev rov ua kua qaub-lub hauv paus kev sib luag mus rau qhov qub uas ib txwm muaj ntawm alkalosis, tab sis cov qib bicarbonate thiab carbon dioxide tseem tsis meej.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob alkalosis tuaj yeem suav nrog ib qho hauv qab no:

• Tsis meej pem (tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ruam lossis tsis nco qab)
• Tes tshee
• Lub Cim Txhab Zog
• Nqaij ua kom sib ceg
• Xeev siab, ntuav
• Looj tes lossis tingling hauv lub ntsej muag, tes lossis taw
• Ntev ua pob ua leeg mob (tetany)

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj ib ce thiab nug txog koj cov tsos mob.

Kuaj hauv chav kuaj uas yuav raug txiav txim suav nrog:

• Arterial tsom xam cov ntshav roj.
• Kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob, xws li lub vaj huam sib luag metabolic kom paub meej txog alkalosis thiab qhia seb nws puas pa lossis ua pa ntawm alkalosis.

Lwm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv tuaj yeem xav tau los txiav txim qhov ua rau ntawm tus mob alkalosis. Cov no suav nrog:

• Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob xoo
• Mob Lub Hlaus
• Zis pH

Txhawm rau kho tus kab mob alkalosis, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsum xub pom qhov laj thawj.

Rau cov kab mob alkalosis los ntawm hyperventilation, ua pa rau hauv lub hnab ntawv tso cai rau koj kom muaj cov pa roj carbon dioxide ntau hauv koj lub cev, uas txhim kho cov alkalosis. Yog koj cov pa oxygen tsawg, koj yuav tau txais oxygen.

Cov tshuaj xav tau los kho qhov tshuaj khes mis (xws li chloride thiab potassium). Koj tus kws kho mob yuav soj ntsuam koj cov cim tseem ceeb (xws li kub, mem tes, npaum li cas ua pa, thiab ntshav siab).

Feem ntau ntawm alkalosis teb zoo rau kev kho mob.

Yog tsis kho los yog tsis kho kom raug, cov teeb meem yuav suav nrog ib qho hauv qab no:

• Arrhythmias (lub siab ntaus ceev dhau, qeeb dhau, lossis xwm yeem)
• Coma
• Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis txaus (xws li cov poov tshuaj tsawg theem)

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj tsis meej pem, tsis tuaj yeem xav tawm, lossis tsis tuaj yeem "ntes tau koj ua pa."

Mus rau chav kho mob ceev lossis hu rau tus npawb xov tooj xwm ceev hauv nroog (xws li 911) yog tias muaj:

• Tsis nco qab
• Sai sai zuj zus cov tsos mob ntawm alkalosis
• Qaug dab peg
• Kev ua pa nyuaj

Kev tiv thaiv yog nyob ntawm qhov ua kom muaj tus mob alkalosis.Cov neeg muaj lub raum thiab lub ntsws tsis muaj mob hnyav.

• Raum

Effros RM, Swenson ER. Acid-puag nyiaj tshuav. Hauv: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, li al, eds. Murray thiab Nadel Cov Ntawv Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov PaCov. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 7.

Oh MS, Briefel G. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub raum kev ua haujlwm, dej, electrolytes, thiab acid-puag qhov sib npaug. Hauv: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Kev Kuaj Mob thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas los ntawm Laboratory Txoj KevCov. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 14.

Seifter JL. Acid-puag muaj teeb meem. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 110.