Tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob rau tus kabmob

Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib hom kev kho mob cancer uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis (tiv thaiv kab mob). Nws siv cov tshuaj uas tsim los ntawm lub cev lossis hauv chav kuaj los pab lub zog tiv thaiv kabmob ua haujlwm nyuaj lossis txoj hauv kev ntau dua los tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov no pab koj lub cev tshem cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm los ntawm:

• Tiv thaiv lossis maj mam tuaj ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer
• Tiv thaiv kev mob qog noj kom tsis txhob kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev
• Txhawb txoj kev tiv thaiv kabmob hauv lub cev muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov kabmob kheesxaws

Muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.

Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev kis tus kab mob. Nws ua qhov no los ntawm kev kuaj pom cov kab mob xws li cov kab mob lossis kab mob thiab ua rau cov protein sib ntaus sib tua. Cov protein no hu ua tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Cov kws tshawb fawb muaj peev xwm ua tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb hauv ib qhov chaw kuaj mob uas nrhiav cov qog nqaij hlav cancer es tsis txhob muaj kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob monoclonal, lawv kuj yog hom kev kho mob hom phiaj.

Qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob monoclonal ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua raws li cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Qhov no ua kom yooj yim rau lwm cov cell ua los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom pom, tua, thiab tua cov hlwb.

Lwm cov tshuaj tua kabmob monoclonal ua haujlwm los ntawm kev thaiv cov cim taw qhia nyob rau saum npoo ntawm tus kabmob kheesxaws uas qhia nws faib.

Lwm hom monoclonal antibody coj hluav taws xob los yog cov tshuaj kho mob rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Cov tshuaj tua tus mob cancer no txuas nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv monoclonal, uas tom qab ntawd xa cov co toxins mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Cov tshuaj monoclonal tam sim no tau siv los kho feem ntau ntawm cov qog ntshav.

"Cov chaw kuaj mob" yog cov lwg me me nyob rau qee cov qe ntshav nruab zog tiv thaiv kab mob uas lub cev tiv thaiv tsis tau lossis tua lossis tsim kom lub cev tsis muaj zog. Cov kab mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem siv cov chaw kuaj mob no kom tsis txhob raug lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob monoclonal tshiab uas ua rau cov chaw kuaj mob no kom thiaj ua rau lub nruab zog tiv thaiv kab mob txhawm rau nws thiaj li tua tau cov kab mob cancer.

PD-1 inhibitors siv los kho ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov qog ntshav.

PD-L1 inhibitors kho ntshav zais zis, mob ntsws cancer, thiab Merkel cell carcinoma, thiab tab tom raug soj ntsuam tawm tsam lwm hom mob qog nqaij hlav.

Cov tshuaj ntawd lub hom phiaj CTLA-4 kho melanoma ntawm daim tawv nqaij, mob raum, thiab ntau lwm yam mob qog qhia pom qee hom kev hloov pauv.

Cov kev kho mob no ua rau kom muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev ntau dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv monoclonal. Nws muaj ob lub ntsiab:

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) pab cov kabmob tiv thaiv kabmob loj hlob thiab faib tawm sai sai. Kev kuaj ua haujlwm ntawm IL-2 yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv qib siab ntawm lub raum mob cancer thiab mob qog ntshav.

Tshuaj Interferon alpha (INF-alfa) ua rau qee cov qe ntshav tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv qog nqaij hlav cancer. Nws tsis tshua muaj siv los kho:

• Cov plaub hau ua ntshav tawm ntawm lub cev
• Mob myelogenous mob ntshav dawb
• Follicular tsis-Hodgkin lymphoma
• Kev txiav mob tawv nqaij (nqaij) T-cell lymphoma
• Mob raum
• Melanoma
• Kaposi sarcoma

Hom kev kho no siv cov voos uas tau muab hloov hauv chav kuaj los mus tua thiab tua cov qog noj ntshav. Thaum cov kab mob no tuag lawm, lawv tso tawm cov tshuaj hu ua antigens. Cov antigens no qhia txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev kom tua thiab tua lwm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub cev.

Hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tam sim no siv los kho tus mob melanoma.

Cov kev mob tshwm sim rau ntau hom kev txhaj tshuaj rau mob qog nqaij hlav txawv raws li kev kho mob. Qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim thaum qhov kev txhaj tshuaj lossis IV nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, ua rau thaj chaw ua:

• Mob mob los yog mob
• O o
• Liab
• Khaus

Lwm cov kev phiv ntau muaj xws li:

• Cov tsos mob khaub thuas zoo li ua npaws (kub taub hau, ua daus no, qaug zog, mob taub hau)
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav
• Zawv plab
• Mob los yog mob ib ce
• Zoo nkaus li nkees
• Mob taub hau
• Tsawg lossis ntshav siab
• Kev mob ntawm daim siab, lub ntsws, lub raum endocrine plab hnyuv, lub plab zom mov, lossis daim tawv

Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav, qee zaum ua rau neeg tuag, kev ua xua nyob rau hauv cov neeg nkag siab qee yam khoom xyaw hauv kev kho. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tshua muaj heev.

Kev siv roj ntsha; Kev Kho Mob Ua Si

Cancer.Net lub vev xaib. To taub kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. www.cancer.net/navigating-caug-tias-kho-koj-tsaug-tshuajkhoov-qhovmuagtiag-thiab-cuab-cias/tsev-yuavhlwb-nyob-ntoos Hloov kho Lub Ib Hlis, 2019. Nkag mus rau Lub Peb Hlis 27, 2020.

Lub koom haum Cancer National website. TSHEB T: kev tsim kho cov neeg mob lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob qog nqaij hlav. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/research/car-t-cells. Hloov kho Lub Xya Hli 30, 2019. Nkag mus rau Lub Peb Hlis 27, 2020.

Lub koom haum Cancer National website. Siv tshuaj kho mob los kho mob cancer. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/tau-yuav/immunotherapy. Hloov kho Cuaj hlis 24, 2019. Nkag mus rau Lub Peb Hlis 27, 2020.

Tseng D, Schultz L, Pardoll D, Mackall C. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob cancer. Hauv: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical OncologyCov. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 6.

• Kev Kho Mob Cancer