Mob ncauj tsev menyuam

Cervical cancer yog mob cancer uas pib rau lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Lub ncauj tsev menyuam yog qhov qis dua ntawm lub tsev menyuam (lub tsev menyuam) uas qhib rau ntawm qhov chaw mos.

Thoob ntiaj teb, ncauj tsev menyuam yog hom mob mob cancer thib 3 rau cov poj niam. Nws tsis tshua muaj ntau nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas vim kev pheej ua rau kev siv Pap smears.

Cervical cancer pib nyob hauv cov qog nqaij ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Muaj ob hom hlwb ntawm sab ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam, txhaws taus thiab sab. Feem ntau ntawm cov mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam yog los ntawm cov hlwb dag nyom.

Cervical cancer feem ntau loj hlob qeeb. Nws pib ua ib qho xwm txheej ceev hu ua dysplasia. Tus mob no tuaj yeem kuaj pom los ntawm Pap smear thiab muaj ze li 100% yeej kho tau. Nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau xyoo rau dysplasia los tsim mob khees-xaws ncauj tsev menyuam. Feem ntau ntawm cov poj niam uas muaj mob khees-xaws ncauj tsev menyuam niaj hnub no tsis tau muaj Pap smears li niaj zaus, lossis lawv tseem tsis tau soj ntsuam txog Pap smear tshwm sim txawv txav.

Yuav luag txhua yam mob khees-xaws ncauj tsev menyuam yog tshwm sim los ntawm tib neeg mob papillomavirus (HPV). HPV yog ib tus kab mob uas kis tau los ntawm kev sib chwv tej tawv nqaij thiab ntawm kev sib deev. Muaj ntau ntau yam sib txawv (hom) ntawm HPV. Qee hom kab mob coj mus ua mob khees-xaws ncauj tsev menyuam. Lwm hom kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau mob cos rau qhov chaw mos. Lwm tus tsis tsim teeb meem dabtsi hlo li.

Tus poj niam lub cev thiab kev sib deev muaj peev xwm ua rau nws muaj feem mob qog nqaij hlav cancer chaw mos. Kev ua phem rau kev sib deev muaj xws li:

• Muaj kev sib deev thaum tseem hluas
• Muaj kev sib deev nrog coob leej ntau tus
• Muaj tus khub lossis ntau tus khub uas koom nrog hauv kev sib deev muaj feem

Lwm qhov kev pheej hmoo rau mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam yog:

• Tsis tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv mob HPV
• Raug kev lag kev luam tsawg
• Muaj ib leej niam uas siv cov tshuaj diethylstilbestrol (DES) thaum cev xeeb tub thaum 1960s los tiv thaiv nchuav menyuam
• Muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob

Feem ntau, mob khees-xaws ncauj tsev menyuam ntxov tsis muaj tsos mob. Cov tsos mob uas yuav tshwm sim suav nrog:

• Txawv txav chaw mos los ntshav los ntawm lub caij, tom qab sib deev, lossis tom qab hnub lawm
• Hais ntawm qhov paum uas tsis nres, thiab tej zaum yuav daj, los dej, paj yeeb, xim av, los ntshav, lossis xau
• Lub sijhawm ua hnyav dua thiab kav ntev dua li niaj zaus

Cervical cancer yuav kis mus rau lub paum, cov qog ntshav, zais zis, plab hnyuv, ntsws, pob txha, thiab nplooj siab. Feem ntau, yeej tsis muaj teeb meem dabtsi txog thaum mob qog nce qib thiab tau kis mus. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam yuav yog:

• Mob nraub qaum
• Mob pob txha los yog txha lov
• Nkees
• Kev tso zis lossis quav los ntawm qhov chaw mos
• Mob ceg
• Tsis qab los noj mov
• Pelvic mob
• Ib leeg txhais ceg o
• Lub cev yuag

Qhov tsis paub meej txog kev hloov ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam thiab ncauj tsev me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem pom nrog lub qhov muag tsis pom. Kev ntsuam xyuas tshwj xeeb thiab cov cuab yeej xav tau txhawm rau pom qhov xwm txheej zoo li no:

• Pap smear cov ntxaij vab tshaus ua rau mob qog noj ntshav thiab mob qog nqaij hlav, tab sis tsis ua kom kawg rau kev kuaj mob.
• Nyob ntawm koj lub hnub nyoog, kev soj ntsuam tib neeg tus kab mob papillomavirus (HPV) DNA yuav ua tau nrog rau kev sim Pap. Lossis nws tuaj yeem siv tom qab tus poj niam muaj qhov kev ntsuam xyuas Pap tsis zoo. Nws kuj tseem siv tau ua thawj ntsuas. Tham nrog koj lub tsev kho mob / kws kho mob txog seb qhov kev ntsuam xyuas twg yog cov zoo rau koj.
• Yog tias pom muaj cov kev txawv txav, lub ncauj tsev menyuam feem ntau tau kuaj hauv qab ua kom pom tseeb. Cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua colposcopy. Tej daim ntawm cov nqaij mos yuav raug tshem tawm (kuaj me me) thaum txoj kev ua no. Cov ntaub so ntswg no mam li xa mus rau chav kuaj ntshav kuaj.
• Cov txheej txheem uas hu ua lub khob hloob los tej zaum tseem yuav ua tau. Qhov no yog tus txheej txheem uas tshem tau ib lub khob luaj li lub ntsej muag los ntawm sab xub ntiag ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam.

Yog tias kuaj pom tias muaj mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam, qhov chaw zov me nyuam yuav xaj kuaj ntxiv. Cov kev pab no txiav txim siab seb tus mob cancer kis tau deb npaum li cas. Qhov no hu ua staging. Kev ntsuam xyuas yuav muaj xws li:

• Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob xoo
• CT scan ntawm lub plab mog
• Cystoscopy
• Tso cov tshuaj pyelogram (IVP)
• MRI ntawm lub plab mog
• TSIAJ scan

Kev kho mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam nyob ntawm:

• Theem mob cancer
• Qhov loj thiab cov qauv ntawm cov qog
• Tus poj niam lub hnub nyoog thiab kev noj qab haus huv thoob plaws
• Nws lub siab xav muaj menyuam yav tom ntej

Kev mob kheesxaws ncauj tsev menyuam thaum ntxov tuaj yeem raug kho tau zoo los ntawm kev tshem lossis rhuav tshem cov mob ua ntej lossis mob qog nqaij hlav. Qhov no yog vim li cas niaj zaus Pap smears tseem ceeb heev los tiv thaiv mob qog nqaij hlav rau ncauj tsev menyuam, lossis ntes nws thaum ntxov. Muaj ntau txoj kev phais mob los ua qhov no tsis tshem tawm lub tsev me nyuam los yog ua rau lub ncauj tsev menyuam tsis zoo, kom poj niam muaj peev xwm tseem muaj menyuam nyob rau yav tom ntej.

Hom kev phais mob rau lub tsev me nyuam muaj peev xwm ua tau, thiab qee zaum, mob qog nqaij mos rau thaum ntxov muaj xws li:

• Voj electrosurgical txheej txheem kev zam (LEEP) - siv hluav taws xob tshem tawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas tsis meej.
• Kev Kho Mob - khov kho ua kom lub hlwb tsis zoo.
• Kev kho laser - siv lub teeb mus hlawv cov ntaub so ntswg uas tsis zoo.
• Txoj kev phais mob rau cov poj niam yog cov mob ceev ceev uas tau ntsib ntau cov txheej txheem LEEP.
  

Kev kho mob ncauj tsev me nyuam feem ntau yuav muaj xws li:

• Radical hysterectomy, uas tshem tawm lub tsev me thiab ntau ntawm cov nqaij mos uas nyob ib puag ncig, suav nrog cov qog ntshav thiab sab qaum ntawm lub paum. Qhov no feem ntau ua rau cov tub ntxhais hluas hluas, muaj kev noj qab haus huv dua nrog cov qog me me.
• Kev siv hluav taws xob, nrog rau kev siv tshuaj tsawg dua, feem ntau siv rau cov poj niam uas muaj qog loj dhau rau kev kho mob radical hysterectomy lossis cov poj niam uas tsis zoo rau kev phais mob.
  
• Pelvic exenteration, ib hom kev phais mob hnyav uas txhua qhov ntawm cov plab hnyuv siab hauv plab hnyuv, suav nrog zais thiab txoj hnyuv tawm.

Kev siv hluav taws xob kuj tseem siv los kho qog noj ntshav uas twb rov qab los.

Kev siv tshuaj kho siv cov tshuaj los tua mob qog noj ntshav. Nws yuav raug muab nyob ib leeg lossis phais mob lossis hluav taws xob.

Koj tuaj yeem daws kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev muaj mob los ntawm kev koom nrog pawg pab txhawb mob qog noj ntshav. Faib qhia rau lwm tus uas muaj kev paub thiab teeb meem ntau yam tuaj yeem pab koj tsis txhob xav tias yog ib leeg.

Tus neeg zoo li cas nyob ntawm ntau yam, nrog rau:

• Hom mob khees-xaws ncauj tsev menyuam
• Qeb mob qog nqaij hlav (deb npaum li cas nws kis tau)
• Lub hnub nyoog thiab kev noj qab haus huv thoob plaws
• Yog tias tus kabmob rov qab los tom qab kho

Precancerous tej yam kev mob tuaj yeem kho tau thaum kho thiab kho kom zoo. Feem ntau ntawm cov poj niam muaj txoj sia nyob hauv 5 xyoos (5-xyoo muaj sia nyob muaj sia) rau mob cancer uas tau kis mus rau sab hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam tab sis tsis yog sab nraud ntawm thaj chaw ncauj tsev menyuam. 5-xyoo tus nqi muaj sia nyob poob vim tus kabmob kis mus rau sab nraud ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam mus rau lwm thaj chaw.

Teeb meem tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog yuav rov qab los nyob hauv cov poj niam uas tau txais kev kho mob los cawm lub tsev menyuam
• Cov teeb meem kev sib deev, txoj hnyuv, thiab zais zis tom qab phais lossis hluav taws xob

Hu rau koj tus kws khomob yog koj:

• Muaj tsis tu ncua Pap smears
• Muaj qhov tsis haum ntshav qhov chaw mos los ntshav tawm

Cervical cancer tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev ua raws li hauv qab no:

• Tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv mob HPV. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv ntau hom mob HPV uas ua rau mob cancer rau ncauj tsev menyuam. Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhia koj yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo rau koj.
• Xyaum kev nyab xeeb kev sib deev. Siv hnab looj thaum sib deev txo qhov kev pheej hmoo mob HPV thiab lwm yam kabmob sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev (STIs).
• Txwv tsawg tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sib deev uas koj muaj. Zam tus khub uas koom nrog tus cwj pwm sib deev muaj feem yuav ua rau.
• Txais Pap smears kom ntau npaum li koj tus kws kho mob pom zoo. Pap smears tuaj yeem pab tshawb pom qhov kev hloov pauv ntxov, uas tuaj yeem kho ua ntej lawv tig mus rau mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam.
• Mus kuaj HPV yog tias koj tus kws khomob pom zoo. Nws tuaj yeem siv nrog kev ntsuam xyuas Pap los kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav rau poj niam hnub nyoog 30 xyoo thiab laus dua.
• Yog tias koj haus luam yeeb, tsum. Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau koj muaj feem yuav mob kheesxaws ncauj tsev menyuam.

Cancer - ncauj tsev menyuam; Cervical cancer - HPV; Cervical cancer - dysplasia

• Hysterectomy - plab - tso tawm
• Hysterectomy - laparoscopic - kev tso tawm
• Hysterectomy - chaw mos - tso tawm
• Pelvic radiation - paug

• Mob ncauj tsev menyuam
• Mob ncauj leeg ntshav ntswg
• Pap smear
• Mob ncauj tsev me
• Mob khaub thuas khob noom me
• Mob ncauj tsev menyuam
• Pap smears thiab mob khees xaws ncauj tsev menyuam

American College ntawm Obstetricians thiab Gynecologist, Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Rau Cov Hluas, Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Ua Haujlwm. Pawg Neeg Saib Tswv Yim 704, Lub Rau Hli 2017Cov. www.acog.org/Resources-And- Publications/Commtees-Opinions/Commtees-on-Adolescent-Health-Care/Human-Papillomavirus-Vaccination. Nkag mus Lub Ib Hlis 23, 2020.

Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob lub vev xaib. Tib neeg papillomavirus (HPV). Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj chaw kuaj mob thiab cov lus qhia. www.cdc.gov/hpv/hcp/schedules-ibxavxwm.html. Hloov kho Lub Yim Hli 15, 2019. Nkag mus Lub Ib Hlis 23, 2020.

Tus tub luam nyiag NF. Cervical dysplasia thiab mob cancer. Hauv: Hacker NF, Gambone JC, Hobel CJ, eds. Hacker thiab Moore Qhov Tseem Ceeb ntawm Obstetrics thiab GynecologyCov. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 38.

Salcedo MP, Baker ES, Schmeler KM. Intraepithelial neoplasia ntawm qis qis hauv qhov chaw mos (ncauj tsev menyuam, qhov chaw mos, qhov chaw mos): kev ntsuas mob, tshuaj ntsuam, ntsuas mob, tswj hwm. Hauv: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. Saib Hluag Tshaj Lij HlawvCov. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 28.

Kev Pabcuam Tiv Thaiv Pab Pawg Meskas lub vev xaib. Cervical cancer: kuaj xyuas. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/re អនុសាសន៍ation/cervical-cancer- tshuaj ntsuam xyuas. Tshaj Tawm Lub Yim Hli 21, 2018. Nkag mus Lub Ib Hlis 23, 2020.