Hemolytic anemia

Kauj ntshav yog ib qho mob uas lub cev tsis muaj cov qe ntshav liab liab noj qab nyob zoo. Cov ntshav liab muab cov pa oxygen rau cov cev nqaij.

Feem ntau, cov ntshav liab yuav nyob ntev txog 120 hnub hauv lub cev. Hauv kev mob ntshav khov (hemolytic anemia), cov ntshav liab hauv cov ntshav tau ua kom ntxov tshaj li ib txwm.

Cov hlwb pob txha feem ntau yog lub luag haujlwm tsim cov qe ntshav liab tshiab. Mob pob txha yog cov nqaij mos hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov pob txha uas pab tsim txhua cov qe ntshav.

Hemolytic anemia tshwm sim thaum hlwb pob txha tsis tsim kom muaj cov qe ntshav liab txaus los hloov cov qe ntshav uas raug puas lawm.

Muaj ob peb yam ua tau ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib (hemolytic anemia). Cov ntshav liab yuav raug rhuav tshem vim:

• Lub autoimmune teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ncaj ncees lawm pom koj tus kheej ntshav liab li cov tshuaj txawv teb chaws thiab rhuav tshem lawv
• Tej yam muaj raws caj ces nyob hauv cov qe ntshav liab (xws li cov ntshav tsis muaj ntshav txaus, muaj ntshav tsawg, thiab G6PD)
• Raug rau qee yam chemical, tshuaj, thiab toxins
• Kab mob
• Cov ntshav txhaws hauv cov hlab ntshav me
• Hloov ntshav los ntawm tus neeg muab ntshav nrog cov ntshav uas tsis phim koj li

Koj yuav tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi yog tias tus mob ntshav liab tsawg. Yog tias qhov teebmeem loj hlob qeeb, thawj cov tsos mob yuav yog:

• Lub cev tsis muaj zog lossis nkees feem ntau ntau dua li ib txwm muaj, lossis nrog kev tawm dag zog
• Cov kev xav uas koj lub siab qog lossis sib tw
• Mob taub Hau
• Cov teeb meem kev xav ua haujlwm lossis kev xav

Yog tias lub zog ntshav tsis zoo ntxiv, cov tsos mob yuav suav nrog:

• Lightheadedness thaum koj sawv
• Tawv nqaij daj
• Ua tsis taus pa
• Mob nplaig
• Loj spleen

Ib txoj kev kuaj hu ua kev ua tiav cov ntshav (CBC) tuaj yeem pab kuaj ntshav kuaj ntshav thiab qhia qee qhov kev paub txog hom thiab ua rau muaj teebmeem. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm CBC suav nrog cov ntshav liab rau suav (RBC), hemoglobin, thiab hematocrit (HCT).

Cov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas hom mob ntshav qab zib (hemolytic anemia):

• Tsis pom tseeb reticulocyte suav
• Coombs kuaj, ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj
• Donath-Landsteiner kev sim
• Mob khaub thuas agglutinins
• Tsis pub hemoglobin dawb hauv cov ntshav dej lossis zis
• Hemosiderin hauv kev tso zis
• Platelet suav
• Protein electrophoresis - ntshav dej
• Pyruvate kinase
• Qib haptoglobin ntau ntau
• Ntshav LDH
• Qib Carboxyhemoglobin qib
  

Kev kho yog nyob ntawm hom thiab ua rau tus mob hemolytic anemia:

• Thaum muaj xwm ceev, yuav tau txhaj ntshav ntxiv.
• Txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov tshuaj uas ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog.
• Thaum cov qe ntshav raug rhuav tshem ntawm kev nrawm, lub cev yuav xav tau cov folic acid thiab tshuaj ntxiv rau lub cev los hloov qhov uas tau poob.

Muaj qee zaus, yuav tsum tau phais li qhov pauj. Qhov no yog vim tias tus po pa taws ua rau lub taub lim uas tshem tawm cov ntshav txawv txav hauv cov ntshav.

Qhov tshwm sim yog nyob ntawm hom thiab ua rau hemolytic anemia. Kev mob ntshav hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau mob plawv, mob ntsws, lossis mob cerebrovascular.

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm hemolytic anemia.

Anemia - hemolytic

• Cov ntshav liab, sickle cell
• Cov ntshav liab - ntau cov qe ntshav
• Cov ntshav liab - sickle cell
• Cov ntshav liab - sickle thiab Pappenheimer
• Cov qe ntshav

Brodsky RA. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Hauv: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, li al, eds. Hematology: Qhov Ntsiab Cai thiab Kev Coj UaCov. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 31.

Gallagher PG. Hemolytic anemias: lub ntsej muag ntshav liab thiab cov teeb meem ntawm metabolic. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 152.

Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Hematopoietic thiab lymphoid systems. Hauv: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, eds. Robbins Basic PathologyCov. 10 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 12.