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Hnub Kev Tsim: 10 Lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj 2021
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Thawj Myelofibrosis Yog Dab Tsi? - Noj Qab Haus Huv
Thawj Myelofibrosis Yog Dab Tsi? - Noj Qab Haus Huv

Zoo Siab

Thawj myelofibrosis (MF) yog ib qho mob qog nqaij hlav ntshav tsawg uas ua rau muaj cov leeg caws pliav, uas yog hu ua fibrosis, hauv cov leeg pob txha. Qhov no tiv thaiv koj cov hlwb pob txha los ntawm ua kom muaj cov qe ntshav li qub.

Thawj MF yog ib hom mob cancer ntshav. Nws yog ib ntawm peb hom mob myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) uas tshwm sim thaum cov cell sib faib ntau dhau los yog tsis tuag ntau npaum li uas lawv yuav tsum tau. Lwm lub MPN ntxiv suav nrog polycythemia vera thiab cov tseem ceeb thrombocythemia.

Cov kws kho mob saib ntau yam los kuaj mob MF thawj. Koj tuaj yeem kuaj ntshav thiab kuaj pob txha pob txha los mus ntsuas MF.

Thawj cov tsos mob myelofibrosis

Koj yuav tsis hnov ​​cov tsos mob rau ntau lub xyoo. Cov tsos mob feem ntau tsuas yog pib tshwm sim zuj zus tom qab ua pob caws ntawm pob txha pob txhaws muaj mob ntau ntxiv thiab pib cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim cov qe ntshav.

Thawj qhov mob ntawm myelofibrosis tuaj yeem suav nrog:

  • nkees
  • txog siav
  • daj ntseg tawv nqaij
  • ua npaws
  • nquag muaj tus kab mob
  • doog yooj yim
  • tsaus ntuj tawm hws
  • tsis qab los noj mov
  • piav tsis hnyav poob
  • cov pos hniav los ntshav
  • nquag ntshav ntswg
  • muaj puv ntoob lossis mob mob plab hauv plab sab laug (vim yog tus po tawm tsam)
  • teeb meem nrog lub siab ua haujlwm
  • khaus
  • pob qij txha los yog mob pob txha
  • mob gout

Cov neeg uas muaj MF feem ntau muaj cov qe ntshav liab ntshav qis heev. Lawv kuj tseem yuav muaj cov qe ntshav dawb uas yog ntshav ntau dhau lossis qis dua. Koj tus kws kho mob tsuas paub tej yam tsis zoo no thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob tas li tom qab kev suav cov ntshav tas.


Theem myelofibrosis theem

Tsis zoo li lwm hom mob qog nqaij hlav, thawj MF tsis tau hais meej theem. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav siv qhov Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System (DIPSS) los cais koj ua pawg qis, nruab nrab, lossis txaus ntshai.

Lawv yuav txiav txim siab seb koj:

  • muaj hemoglobin qib uas tsawg dua 10 gram ntawm ib deciliter
  • muaj cov qe ntshav dawb uas qhov ntau dua 25 × 109 ib liter
  • laus dua 65 xyoos
  • muaj lub xovtooj kaw ua kom sib npaug lossis tsawg dua 1 feem pua
  • muaj cov tsos mob xws li qaug zog, tawm hws hmo ntuj, ua npaws, thiab poob phaus

Koj suav hais tias yog tus pheej hmoo qis yog tias tsis muaj qhov saum toj no siv rau koj. Ntsib ib lossis ob ntawm cov txheej txheem no ua rau koj nyob hauv pab pawg neeg pheej hmoo nruab nrab. Ntsib peb lossis ntau dua ntawm cov txheej txheem no ua rau koj nyob hauv pawg neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab.

Dab tsi ua rau tus mob thawj myelofibrosis?

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tsis nkag siab meej xyov ua rau MF. Feem ntau nws tsis tau txais caj ces. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj yuav kis tsis tau tus kab mob los ntawm koj niam koj txiv thiab tsis tuaj yeem kis rau koj cov menyuam, txawm hais tias MF nyiam ua rau hauv tsev neeg. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias nws yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kev muab cov noob hloov uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb 'cov cim kev taug.


ntawm cov neeg uas muaj MF muaj kev hloov caj ces hu ua janus-txuam kinase 2 (JAK2) uas cuam tshuam txog cov qe ntshav. Tus JAK2 kev sib hloov tsim teeb meem hauv txoj kev tsim cov hlwb pob txha tsim cov qe ntshav liab.

Kev mob ntshav tsis zoo hauv cov hlwb pob txha tsim cov qe ntshav muaj hnub nyoog uas rov ua haujlwm sai dua thiab tswj cov hlwb pob txha. Txoj kev tsim cov qe ntshav ua rau muaj caws pliav thiab mob o cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb pob txha muaj peev xwm tsim cov qe ntshav li qub. Qhov no feem ntau ua rau muaj tsawg dua li cov ntshav liab thiab cov ntshav muaj ntshav ntau dhau.

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau txuas MF rau lwm cov noob hloov. Nyob ib ncig ntawm 5 txog 10 feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg uas MF muaj MPL hloov pauv noob. Kwv yees li 23.5 feem pua ​​muaj cov noob hloov hu ua calreticulin (CALR).

Yam cuam tshuam rau thawj myelofibrosis

Thawj MF yog qhov tsawg heev. Nws tshwm sim hauv tsuas yog kwv yees li 1.5 txhua rau 100,000 tus neeg hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txiv neej thiab poj niam tib si.

Ob peb yam tuaj yeem ua rau ib tus neeg qhov kev pheej hmoo kis cov nyiaj MF thawj, suav nrog:


  • dhau 60 xyoo lawm
  • raug rau petrochemicals xws li benzene thiab toluene
  • raug rau ionizing hluav taws xob
  • muaj a JAK2 hloov pauv noob

Thawj txoj kev kho mob myelofibrosis

Yog tias koj tsis muaj mob MF, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsis tso koj rau kev kho mob thiab tsis txhob ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj nrog kev mus kuaj mob ib txwm. Thaum cov tsos mob pib, txoj kev kho hom phiaj tswj cov tsos mob thiab txhim kho koj lub neej zoo.

Thawj txoj kev kho mob myelofibrosis suav nrog kev siv tshuaj, kev kho mob, tshuaj tua hluav taws xob, kav ntshav ntawm tes, hloov ntshav, thiab phais.

Cov tshuaj siv los tswj cov tsos mob

Ntau yam tshuaj tuaj yeem pab kho cov tsos mob zoo li ua kom yuag thiab txhaws.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj aspirin tsawg los yog hydroxyurea txhawm rau txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov mob tob tob rau cov leeg ntshav (DVT).

Cov tshuaj los kho kab mob ntshav liab tsawg (ua kom ntshav qab zib) txuas rau MF suav nrog:

  • androgen kho
  • cov tshuaj steroids, xws li prednisone
  • thalidomide (Thalomid)
  • lenalidomide (Revlimid)
  • erythropoiesis cov tshuaj tua kab mob (ESAs)

JAK inhibitors

JAK inhibitors kho MF cov tsos mob los ntawm thaiv cov kev ua ntawm JAK2 gene thiab JAK1 protein. Ruxolitinib (Jakafi) thiab fedratinib (Inrebic) yog ob qho tshuaj uas tau pom zoo los ntawm Lub Chaw Tswj Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj (FDA) los kho nruab nrab-phom sij lossis pheej hmoo MF. Ntau lwm JAK inhibitors tab tom raug kuaj hauv kev sim tshuaj.

Ruxolitinib tau pom tias txo tus txha caj mob thiab txo qis ntau qhov mob ntawm MF, xws li mob plab, mob pob txha, thiab khaus. Nws kuj txo cov qib cytokines pro-inflammatory hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no yuav pab yooj yim rau MF cov mob xws li nkees, kub cev, tawm hws hmo ntuj, thiab poob phaus.

Fedratinib ib txwm muab thaum ruxolitinib tsis ua haujlwm. Nws yog qhov muaj zog heev JAK2 xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws muaj feem me me ua mob nyhav thiab muaj feem ua rau lub hlwb puas tsuaj hu ua encephalopathy.

Cov qog ua qauv hloov ntawm tes

Allogeneic qia cell hloov pauv (ASCT) yog tib txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau MF. Kuj paub tias yog hloov hlwb pob txha, nws koom nrog txais ib qho Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm cov qia hlwb los ntawm tus neeg pub noj qab haus huv. Cov qia hlwb zoo hloov cov qog hlwb tsis ua hauj lwm zoo.

Cov txheej txheem muaj qhov pheej hmoo siab rau qhov muaj kev phom sij txog kev phom sij. Koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas ua ntej koj tau sib phim nrog tus neeg muab nyiaj. ASCT ib txwm xam rau cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo nruab nrab lossis pheej hmoo siab MF uas muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 70 xyoo.

Kws khomob thiab hluav taws xob

Kev siv tshuaj khomob nrog rau cov tshuaj hydroxyurea tuaj yeem pab txo tus hnoos qeev txuas nrog MF. Kev siv hluav taws xob rau kev kho kuj yog qee zaum siv thaum JAK inhibitors thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob tsis txaus kom txo tau hnoos qeev loj.

Qhov txhab ntshav ntxiv

Kev siv ntshav ntxiv rau cov qe ntshav liab uas zoo rau lub cev tuaj yeem siv cov ntshav liab ntau ntxiv thiab kho cov ntshav tsawg.

Kev phais mob

Yog tias qhov hnoos qeev ua rau muaj cov tsos mob hnyav, koj tus kws kho mob yuav qee zaum pom zoo kom tshem tus po. Txoj kev ua no yog paub tias yog splenectomy.

Kev soj ntsuam tam sim no

Tam sim no ntau ntau cov tshuaj tam sim no tau tshawb fawb txog kev kho tus mob myelofibrosis. Cov no suav nrog ntau lwm yam tshuaj uas inhibit JAK2.

MPN Lub Chaw Soj Ntsuam yuav khaws cov npe soj ntsuam kuaj mob rau MF. Qee qhov kev sim no twb pib sim. Lwm tus tam sim no nrhiav neeg mob. Qhov kev txiav txim siab koom nrog qhov kev sim kho mob yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab tsev neeg.

Cov tshuaj mus dhau plaub ntu kev sim tshuaj ua ntej tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm FDA. Tsuas yog qee cov tshuaj tshiab tam sim no nyob rau theem III theem kev kuaj mob, suav nrog pacritinib thiab momelotinib.

Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Ntu I thiab II qhia tias everolimus (RAD001) yuav pab txo cov tsos mob thiab tus nploos raws li cov neeg mob MF tsawg. Cov tshuaj no tiv thaiv txoj hauv kev hauv cov ntshav tsim cov ntshav uas yuav ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm tes hauv MF.

Txoj kev ua neej hloov

Koj yuav hnov ​​muaj kev ntxhov siab tom qab tau txais kev kuaj mob MF thawj zaug, txawm tias koj tsis muaj tsos mob dabtsi. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau nug kev txhawb nqa los ntawm tsev neeg thiab phooj ywg.

Ntsib nrog tus kws saib xyuas neeg mob lossis tus neeg lis haujlwm hauv zej zog tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia koj ntau yam txog kev kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer yuav cuam tshuam koj lub neej li cas. Koj kuj tseem xav tau koj tus kws kho mob txog kev ua haujlwm nrog cov kws muaj txuj ci siab mob hlwb.

Lwm yam kev pauv hloov hauv lub neej tuaj yeem pab koj tswj kev ntxhov siab. Kev xav, yoga, kev taug kev, lossis tseem mloog nkauj yuav pab txhawb koj lub siab thiab kev noj qab nyob zoo.

Outlook

Thawj MF yuav tsis ua rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum ntxov thiab tuaj yeem tswj tau nrog ntau yam kev kho mob. Kev kwv yees yav tom ntej thiab kev muaj sia nyob rau MF tuaj yeem yog qhov nyuaj. Tus kab mob no tsis huam vam txog lub sij hawm ntev ntawm qee tus neeg.

Ciaj sia taus kwv yees ntau nyob ntawm seb tus neeg ntawd puas tau qis, nruab nrab, lossis ib pawg pheej hmoo siab. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias cov neeg nyob hauv pab pawg tsawg-tau qhov muaj txoj sia nyob zoo nyob rau thawj 5 xyoo tom qab kuaj pom tias yog cov neeg nyob thoob plaws, thaum ntawd tus nqi txo pib muaj sia nyob tsawg. Cov neeg hauv cov pab pawg neeg pheej hmoo muaj sia nyob ntev txog 7 xyoo.

MF tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev mob nyhav rau lub sijhawm. Thawj qhov MF hloov zuj zus mus rau ib qho hnyav dua thiab nyuaj-los kho mob ntshav ntshav uas paub tias mob hlwb myeloid leukemia (AML) hauv kwv yees li 15 txog 20 feem pua ​​ntawm cov mob.

Feem ntau cov kev kho rau MF thawj tsom rau kev tswj cov kev sib txuas uas cuam tshuam nrog MF. Cov no suav nrog ua ntshav liab, ua pa loj, ntshav txhaws teeb meem, muaj qe ntshav dawb lossis ntshav khov ntau heev, thiab muaj cov ntshav platoom tsawg. Cov kev kho mob kuj tswj cov tsos mob xws li qaug zog, tawm hws hmo ntuj, tawv nqaij khaus, kub ib ce, mob pob txha, thiab gout.

Nqa Nyiaj

Thawj MF yog ib qho mob qog noj ntshav tsawg uas cuam tshuam rau koj cov qe ntshav. Coob leej ntau tus neeg yuav tsis pom tsos mob tshwm sim thaum xub thawj txog thaum mob qog loj tuaj. Tsuas muaj peev xwm kho tau tus mob MF thawj zaug yog kev hloov kho lub qia, tab sis muaj ntau lwm yam kev kho mob thiab kev soj ntsuam hauv tsev kho mob los tswj cov tsos mob thiab txhim kho koj lub neej zoo.

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