Tus Sau: Monica Porter
Hnub Kev Tsim: 17 Taug Kev 2021
Hloov Hnub: 19 Lub Kawm Ob Hlis Ntuj 2024
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Zoo Siab

Txheej txheem cej luam

Hauv V / Q piv, V sawv rau qhov cua, uas yog cov cua koj nqus tau. Cov pa mus rau hauv alveoli thiab carbon dioxide tawm. Alveoli yog cov pa pa me me rau qhov kawg ntawm koj lub bronchioles, uas yog koj cov hlab cua me tshaj plaws.

Q, lub sijhawm ntawd, sawv ntsug rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, uas yog cov ntshav ntws. Deoxygenated ntshav los ntawm koj lub plawv mus rau cov hlab ntsws capillaries, uas yog cov hlab ntsha me. Txij ntawd los, cov carbon dioxide tawm rau koj cov ntshav los ntawm lub alveoli thiab cov pa oxygen nqus tau.

Qhov V / Q piv yog qhov sib npaug ntawm huab cua uas nce mus txog koj alveoli muab faib los ntawm cov ntshav ntws hauv lub capillaries hauv koj lub ntsws.

Thaum koj lub ntsws ua haujlwm zoo, 4 litres ntawm huab cua nkag rau koj txoj hlab pa thaum 5 liv ntshav mus rau ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha txhua feeb rau V / Q piv ntawm 0.8. Ib tus lej uas siab dua lossis qis dua yog hu ua V / Q mismatch.

Qhov V / Q tsis sib xws txhais tau li cas

A V / Q mismatch tshwm sim thaum ib feem ntawm koj lub ntsws tau txais oxygen tsis muaj ntshav khiav lossis ntshav khiav tsis muaj oxygen. Qhov no tshwm sim yog hais tias koj muaj qhov txhaws ua pa, xws li thaum koj txhawm chim, lossis yog koj muaj hlab ntsha tsis txhaws, xws li ntshav txhaws hauv koj lub ntsws. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum kev mob ua rau koj ua rau huab cua tab sis tsis tshem tawm oxygen, lossis nqa tawm hauv cov ntshav tab sis tsis tuaj nqa pa oxygen.


A V / Q mismatch tuaj yeem ua rau hypoxemia, uas yog cov pa oxygen tsawg hauv koj cov ntshav. Tsis muaj cov ntshav oxygen txaus yuav ua rau ua pa tsis ua haujlwm.

V / Q mismatch ua rau

Txhua yam uas cuam tshuam rau koj lub cev kev muaj peev xwm xa oxygen kom txaus rau koj cov ntshav tuaj yeem ua rau V / Q ua haujlwm tsis zoo.

Mob Hlwb Mob Hlwb Ntev (COPD)

COPD yog ib tug mob ntsws ua rau tag nrho cov ntsws ua tsis zoo rau koj cov ntsws. Nws cuam tshuam ntau dua li cov neeg thoob ntiaj teb.

Emphysema thiab mob ntsws ntev yog cov mob uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog COPD. Coob tus neeg uas muaj tus mob COPD muaj ob yam tib si. Cov teeb meem feem ntau ntawm COPD yog cov haus luam yeeb. Ntev raug cov kuab lom hauv tshuaj lom neeg kuj tuaj yeem ua rau mob COPD.

COPD nce koj txoj kev pheej hmoo rau lwm yam mob cuam tshuam rau lub ntsws thiab lub plawv, xws li mob ntsws thiab mob plawv.

Qee cov tsos mob muaj xws li:

  • ua pa nyuaj
  • mob ntsws hnoos
  • hawb pob
  • ntau heev tshaj qhov zis

Hawb pob

Hawb pob yog ib qho mob uas ua rau koj cov hlab pas o tuaj thiab nqaim. Nws yog ib tus mob uas nquag cuam tshuam kwv yees li ntawm 1 ntawm 13 leej neeg.


Cov kws tshaj lij tsis paub meej tias ua li cas qee tus neeg thiaj li ua mob hawb pob, tab sis tej yam ntawm ib puag ncig thiab noob caj noob ces ua si lub luag haujlwm. Mob hawb pob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog qee yam xws li:

  • paj ntoos
  • puab
  • ua pa tau kab mob
  • muaj kuab paug rau pa, xws li cov luam yeeb

Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem sib txawv los ntawm mob sib khuav mus rau hnyav thiab muaj xws li:

  • txog siav
  • hauv siab nruj
  • kev hnoos
  • hawb pob

Mob ntsws o

Kev mob ntsws yog mob ntsws uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob, kab mob, lossis fungus. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau alveoli sau nrog kua dej los yog kua paug, ua rau nws ua pa nyuaj rau koj.

Tus mob tuaj yeem sib txawv los ntawm mob sib khuav mus rau mob hnyav, nyob ntawm qhov laj thawj thiab yam li koj hnub nyoog thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 65 xyoos, cov uas muaj lub siab mob plawv, thiab cov neeg muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob ntsws mob nyhav ntau dua.

Cov ntsws mob ntsws muaj xws li:

  • ua pa nyuaj
  • hnoos nrog phlegm
  • ua npaws thiab ua daus no

Mob ntsws ntev

Mob ntsws yog mob o ntawm koj txoj hlab leeg txoj hlab ntshav. Txoj hlab cua txoj hlab ntsws nqa cua mus rau thiab los ntawm koj lub ntsws.


Tsis zoo li tus mob ntsws pheej loj tuaj yeem dheev, mob ntsws ntev los ntawm lub sijhawm thiab ua rau rov tshwm tuaj dua uas tuaj yeem dhau lub hlis lossis ntau xyoo. Tus mob mus ntev ua rau cov hnoos qeev ntau nyob hauv koj cov hlab pa, uas tawm tsam cov cua nkag thiab tawm hauv koj lub ntsws thiab tseem ua rau muaj mob ntau ntxiv. Coob leej neeg uas mob ntsws muaj hnoos qeev thaum kawg yuav ua mob ntsws o thiab mob COPD.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntsws muaj xws li:

  • mob ntsws hnoos
  • tuab, tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev
  • txog siav
  • hawb pob
  • mob hauv siab

Lub ntsws ntsws ntsws qhuav

Mob ntsws ntsws (pulmonary edema), tseem hu ua kev mob ntsws lossis hlab ntsws txhaws, yog ib yam mob los ntawm cov kua dej ntau heev hauv lub ntsws. Cov dej haus ua rau koj lub cev muaj peev xwm tau txais oxygen oxygen txaus rau koj cov ntshav.

Feem ntau nws tshwm sim los ntawm teeb meem hauv lub plawv, xws li txhaws lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, tab sis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob rau lub hauv siab, mob ntsws, thiab kis tau cov co toxins lossis qhov siab.

Cov tsos mob muaj xws li:

  • kev ua pa thaum pw tsis tsaug zog uas txhim kho thaum koj zaum
  • txog siav txog kev ua pa
  • hawb pob
  • nce ceeb thawj sai sai, tshwj xeeb yog hauv ob txhais ceg
  • nkees

Thaiv ob leeg

Qhov txhaws kev ua txhaum yog qhov txhaws ntawm txhua qhov ntawm koj txoj hlab pa. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev nqos lossis nqus cov khoom txawv teb chaws, lossis los ntawm:

  • anaphylaxis
  • suab raj o
  • kev raug mob lossis raug mob rau hauv cov hlab cua
  • nqus tau cov pa
  • o caj pas, tonsils, lossis tus nplaig

Cov hlab cua txhaws tuaj yeem ua rau me me, thaiv tsuas yog qee cov pa tawm, kom hnyav txaus kom ua rau tag nrho blockage, uas yog mob xwm txheej ceev.

Pulmonary embolism

Lub ntsws pulmonary embolism yog ntshav txhaws ntawm lub ntsws. Ib txoj hlab ntshav txwv tsis pub ntshav tawm, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws thiab lwm cov plab hnyuv siab.

Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm txoj hlab ntshav sib sib zog nqus, uas yog cov ntshav txhaws pib ntawm cov leeg ntshav hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev, feem ntau yog ceg. Cov ntshav txhaws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob lossis kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha, kev mob, thiab tsis ua haujlwm ntev ntev.

Ua pa siav, mob hauv siab, thiab lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem yog cov tsos mob tshwm sim.

V / Q mismatch tsis sib thooj

Cov hauv qab no nce koj qhov kev pheej hmoo rau V / Q tsis sib xws:

  • muaj kab mob ua pa, xws li mob ntsws
  • mob ntsws, xws li COPD lossis hawb pob
  • lub plawv mob
  • haus luam yeeb
  • obstructive pw tsaug zog apnea

Ntsuas V / Q Piv

V / Q piv yog ntsuas siv qhov ntsuas hu ua pulmonary dim pa / perfusion scan. Nws koom nrog ob qho kev ntsuas ob qho: ib qho ntsuas seb huab cua ntws zoo npaum li cas los ntawm koj lub ntsws thiab lwm yam qhia txog qhov ntshav ntws hauv koj lub ntsws.

Qhov kev xeem no muaj kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov kua hluav taws xob uas sib sau ua ke rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov pa ntawm lub cev lossis ntshav khiav. Qhov no yuav qhia tom qab cov duab tsim tawm los ntawm kev tshwj xeeb ntawm lub scanner.

V / Q kev tsis sib haum

Kev kho rau V / Q mismatch yuav koom nrog kho qhov ua rau. Qhov no yuav suav nrog:

  • voos tshaus
  • nqus cov tshuaj corticosteroids
  • cov pa kho
  • cov tshuaj qhov ncauj
  • tshuaj tua kab mob
  • Kev kho kom rov zoo tuaj kho mob ntsws
  • ntshav thinners
  • kev phais mob

Nqa Nyiaj

Koj yuav tsum muaj cov pa oxygen thiab ntshav khiav mus ua pa. Txhua yam uas cuam tshuam nrog qhov sib npaug no yuav ua rau V / Q tsis sib haum. Ua tsis taus pa, txawm hais tias mob me, yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam los ntawm kws kho mob. Feem ntau ua rau V / Q mismatch tuaj yeem tswj hwm lossis kho, txawm hais tias kev kho mob raws sijhawm.

Yog tias koj lossis ib tus twg muaj kev ua pa ceev lossis mob hauv siab sai, nrhiav kev kho mob sai sai.

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