Methionine: Tso Cai, Khoom Noj Khoom Noj thiab Sab Khoom Los

Zoo Siab

• Methionine yog dab tsi?
• Nws Tuaj yeem Ua Cov Tshuaj Molecules tseem ceeb rau Kev Ua Haujlwm Cell zoo
• Nws Ua Si Lub Luag Haujlwm hauv DNA Methylation
• Tsawg-Methionine Cov Pluas Noj Txuas Qoj Lifespan hauv Cov Tsiaj
• Cov Khoom Noj Khoom Noj Khoom Haus Los Ntawm Methionine
• Kev nkag mus, Toxicity thiab phiv teebmeem
• Pom zoo kom nkag mus
• Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Homocysteine
• Sab sij huam
• Rau hauv qab Kab

Cov amino acids pab tsim cov protein uas ua rau koj cov nqaij thiab cov nruab nrog cev.

Ntxiv rau txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb no, qee cov amino acids muaj lwm lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb.

Methionine yog amino acids uas ua rau ntau cov tseem ceeb molecules hauv koj lub cev. Cov lwg me me no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm koj lub hlwb kom tsim nyog.

Vim tias cov molecules tseem ceeb nws tsim tawm, qee qhov pom zoo kom nce ntxiv methionine. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm tus pom zoo kom txwv nws vim muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis zoo.

Kab lus no yuav tham txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm methionine thiab seb koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog seb nws nyob hauv koj cov zaub mov npaum li cas. Cov peev txheej thiab cov peev xwm tshwm sim los kuj tseem tham txog.

Methionine yog dab tsi?

Methionine yog ib qho amino acid nyob hauv ntau cov protein, nrog rau cov protein nyob hauv cov zaub mov thiab cov uas pom nyob hauv cov nqaij thiab cov plab hnyuv siab raum ntawm koj lub cev.

Ntxiv nrog rau ua lub tsev thaiv rau cov protein, nws muaj ob peb lwm yam tshwj xeeb.

Ib qho ntawm cov no yog nws lub peev xwm los hloov pauv mus ua cov tseem ceeb uas muaj cov leej faj ().

Sulphur-cov lwg me me muaj ntau txoj haujlwm, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv koj cov ntaub so ntswg, hloov kho koj cov DNA thiab tswj kev ua haujlwm kom zoo ntawm koj lub hlwb (, 3).

Cov lwg me me uas tseem ceeb no yuav tsum yog tsim los ntawm cov amino acids uas muaj cov leej faj. Ntawm cov amino acids siv los ua cov protein nyob hauv lub cev, tsuas yog methionine thiab cysteine ​​muaj cov leej faj.

Txawm hais tias koj lub cev tuaj yeem tsim cov amino acid cysteine ​​ntawm nws tus kheej, methionine yuav tsum yog los ntawm koj qhov kev noj haus (4).

Tsis tas li ntawd, methionine ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev pib ua cov txheej txheem ntawm cov protein tshiab hauv koj lub hlwb, qee yam uas tshwm sim tsis tu ncua thaum cov protein ua qub dua ().

Piv txwv li, cov amino acid no pib txheej txheem tsim cov protein tshiab hauv koj cov leeg tom qab kev tawm dag zog uas ua rau lawv (,).

Methionine tsuas yog cov amino acids tshwj xeeb. Nws muaj cov leej faj thiab tuaj yeem tsim lwm yam cov leej faj uas muaj cov lwg me me hauv lub cev. Nws kuj tseem cuam tshuam txog kev pib cov protein ntau hauv koj lub hlwb.

Nws Tuaj yeem Ua Cov Tshuaj Molecules tseem ceeb rau Kev Ua Haujlwm Cell zoo

Ib qho ntawm cov luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm methionine hauv lub cev yog tias nws tuaj yeem siv los tsim lwm yam molecules tseem ceeb.

Nws koom tes hauv kev tsim cov cysteine, lwm yam sulfur muaj amino acid siv los tsim cov protein hauv lub cev (,).

Cysteine ​​tuaj yeem, nyeg, tsim ntau hom qauv lwg me me, suav nrog cov protein, glutathione thiab taurine ().

Qee zaum Glutathione yog hu ua "tus ascas antioxidant" vim nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv koj lub cev (,).

Nws kuj tseem ua si lub luag haujlwm hauv cov metabolism hauv cov zaub mov hauv lub cev thiab ua cov DNA thiab cov protein ().

Taurine muaj ntau lub zog uas pab tswj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm koj lub hlwb ().

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov methionine lwg tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus ua S-adenosylmethionine, lossis "SAM" ().

SAM koom nrog ntau yam tshuaj sib txawv los ntawm kev hloov chaw ntawm nws tus kheej mus rau lwm cov lwg me me, suav nrog DNA thiab cov protein (3,).

SAM tseem tseem siv hauv kev tsim cov khoom tsim khoom, ib cov molecule tseem ceeb rau lub zog lub cev (,).

Tshaj tag nrho, methionine ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj rau kev koom tes hauv ntau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv lub cev vim tias cov molecules nws tuaj yeem dhau los.

Methionine tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ntau lub cev uas muaj cov leej faj uas muaj cov haujlwm tseem ceeb, xws li glutathione, taurine, SAM thiab creatine. Cov lwg me me no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob hauv koj lub cev.

Nws Ua Si Lub Luag Haujlwm hauv DNA Methylation

Koj cov DNA muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas ua rau koj yog koj tus kheej.

Thaum lub sijhawm ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yuav nyob zoo ib yam rau koj lub neej tag nrho, cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig tuaj yeem hloov qee yam ntawm koj cov DNA.

Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov cwj pwm nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm methionine - uas nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv cov lej hu ua SAM. SAM tuaj yeem hloov koj cov DNA los ntawm kev ntxiv methyl pawg (carbon atom thiab nws txuas ntawm hydrogen atoms) rau nws (3,).

Qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov methionine hauv koj cov zaub mov yuav cuam tshuam ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim, tab sis muaj ntau cov lus nug tsis teb txog qhov no.

Nws yog tau tias nce methionine nyob rau hauv kev noj haus yuav tuaj yeem nce lossis txo ntau npaum li cas koj cov DNA pauv vim SAM ().

Ib qho ntxiv, yog tias cov kev hloov no tshwm sim, lawv tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nyob rau qee kis tab sis ua kev cuam tshuam rau lwm tus ().

Piv txwv li, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias cov khoom noj muaj zaub mov ntau dua ntxiv cov pab pawg methyl rau koj cov DNA yuav ua rau muaj mob kheesxaws loj dua (colorectal cancer).

Txawm li cas los xij, lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev siv tshuaj methionine ntau dua tuaj yeem ua rau mob tsis zoo xws li mob schizophrenia, tej zaum vim muaj ntau cov methyl pawg rau DNA (,).

Ib qho ntawm cov molecules uas tsim los ntawm methionine, SAM, tuaj yeem hloov koj cov DNA. Nws tsis tshua paub meej txog cov ntsiab lus methionine ntawm koj cov zaub mov noj cuam tshuam li cas rau cov txheej txheem no, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem no tau txais txiaj ntsig hauv qee kis thiab cuam tshuam rau lwm tus.

Tsawg-Methionine Cov Pluas Noj Txuas Qoj Lifespan hauv Cov Tsiaj

Txawm hais tias methionine muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov pluas noj uas tsis muaj cov amino acids.

Qee cov qog nqaij hlav cancer yog nce rau ntawm kev noj haus methionine kom loj hlob. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, txwv koj txoj kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo pab kev tshaib plab mob hlwb ().

Txij li cov protein los ntawm cov nroj tsuag feem ntau qis dua ntawm methionine dua li cov tsiaj ua tsiaj, qee cov neeg tshawb nrhiav ntseeg tau tias kev noj zaub mov zoo rau cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem yog ib yam cuab yeej los tua qee cov qog nqaij hlav (,).

Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb hauv tsiaj pom tias txo cov methionine tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej ntev dua qub thiab txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv (,,).

Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias kev muaj sia nyob ntev dua 40% ntev dua hauv cov nas noj cov zaub mov muaj methionine tsawg ().

Qhov kev ncua ntev no yuav yog vim muaj kev txhim kho kev ntxhov siab thiab kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tseem muaj peev xwm ua kom lub hlwb ntawm lub cev ua kom muaj me tub (,).

Qee cov neeg tshawb nrhiav xaus lus tias cov ntsiab lus methionine tsawg ua rau cov qeeb ntawm cov laus hauv cov nas ().

Txawm hais tias cov txiaj ntsig no txuas ntxiv mus rau tib neeg tseem tsis tau meej meej, tab sis qee qhov kev tshawb fawb ntsuas qhia pom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntsiab lus methionine tsawg hauv tib neeg lub hlwb (,).

Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb rau tib neeg yog xav tau ua ntej kev txiav txim siab tuaj yeem ua kom tiav.

Hauv tsiaj, txo qis methionine cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj zaub mov tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb tus nqi ntawm cov laus thiab nce kev siv lub neej. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txo qis methionine hauv tib neeg lub hlwb, tab sis kev tshawb fawb yog qhov xav tau hauv tib neeg muaj sia nyob.

Cov Khoom Noj Khoom Noj Khoom Haus Los Ntawm Methionine

Thaum txhua yam zaub mov uas muaj protein ntau kuj muaj qee qhov methionine, qhov nyiaj kuj tsis ntau. Cov qe, ntses thiab qee cov nqaij muaj ntau ntawm cov amino acid (23).

Nws kwv yees hais tias nyob ib ncig ntawm 8% ntawm cov amino acids nyob rau hauv qe ntsiab yog leej faj muaj cov amino acids (methionine thiab cysteine) ().

Cov nqi no yog kwv yees li 5% hauv nqaij qaib thiab nqaij nyuj thiab 4% hauv cov khoom noj siv mis. Cov protein cog feem ntau muaj txawm tias qis dua ntawm cov amino acids.

Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tseem tau soj ntsuam tag nrho cov nyiaj ntawm leej faj uas muaj cov amino acids (methionine thiab cysteine) nyob rau ntau hom kev noj haus ().

Cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws (6.8 grams tauj ib hnub) tau tshaj tawm hauv cov zaub mov muaj protein ntau, thaum tsawg dua nkag tau rau cov neeg tsis noj nqaij (3.0 grams tauj ib hnub) thiab vegans (2.3 grams tauj ib hnub).

Txawm hais tias noj tsawg ntawm cov neeg tsis noj nqaij, lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias lawv muaj ntshav siab ntau dua ntawm methionine ntau dua li cov neeg noj nqaij thiab ntses ().

Qhov kev tshawb pom no ua rau cov neeg tshawb xyuas pom tias cov ntsiab lus kev noj haus thiab ntshav ntau ntawm methionine tsis yog ib txwm cuam tshuam ncaj qha.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb no tau pom tias vegans muaj ob qho kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg thiab muaj ntshav ntau ntawm methionine (,).

Tsiaj cov tsiaj muaj feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus methionine ntau dua li cov nroj tsuag. Cov neeg ua raws cov zaub mov cog cia muaj kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg los ntawm cov leej faj uas muaj cov amino acids, txawm tias lawv yuav muaj cov methionine ntau dua lossis qis dua hauv cov ntshav.

Kev nkag mus, Toxicity thiab phiv teebmeem

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau teeb tsa kom pom zoo txhua hnub ntawm cov leej faj muaj cov amino acids (methionine thiab cysteine), tab sis kev tshawb fawb kuj tau soj ntsuam cov kev phiv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntau dua.

Pom zoo kom nkag mus

Kev noj tshuaj kom tsawg txhua hnub ntawm methionine ntxiv rau cysteine ​​yog 8.6 mg / lb (19 mg / kg) ib hnub rau cov neeg laus, uas yog ib puag ncig 1,3 grams rau ib tus neeg hnyav 150 phaus (68 phaus) (4).

Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau pom zoo siv ob npaug ntawm cov nyiaj no raws li cov kev txwv ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb siv los teeb tsa cov kev xav kom tsawg ().

Cov neeg laus feem ntau tsis tshua muaj methionine tsawg, thiab kev tshawb fawb pom tias lawv yuav xav tau ntau dua li 2 mus rau 3 gram ib hnub (,).

Txawm hais tias muaj qee pab pawg yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev nce ntxiv lawv cov methionine, ntau cov pluas noj ntau dua 2 grams ntawm methionine ntxiv rau cysteine.

Muaj ntau cov pluas noj, suav nrog vegan, neeg tsis noj nqaij, noj haus ib txwm muaj thiab cov zaub mov muaj protein ntau yog kwv yees li ntawm 2.3 thiab 6.8 grams tauj ib hnub ntawm cov amino acids ().

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Homocysteine

Tej zaum qhov kev txhawj xeeb loj tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam nrog cov siab methionine ntau dua vim yog ib qho ntawm cov molecules no amino acid tuaj yeem tsim tawm.

Methionine tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau homocysteine, ib qho amino acid cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam ntawm kev mob plawv (,).

Kev nkag siab siab ntawm methionine ntau tuaj yeem ua rau nce homocysteine, txawm hais tias qee tus neeg muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem no ntau dua li lwm tus ().

Qhov zoo siab, kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev haus ntshav siab methionine ntau tuaj yeem yog vim homocysteine ​​es tsis yog methionine nws tus kheej ().

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm yam uas tuaj yeem hloov qib homocysteine.

Piv txwv li, txawm hais tias lawv tau noj zaub mov kom tsawg dua cov methionine, vegans thiab zaub noj haus yuav muaj homocysteine ​​ntau dua li omnivores vim muaj vitamin B12 tsawg ().

Lwm txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tau qhia tias muaj protein ntau, cov zaub mov methionine ntau tsis ua rau tsis muaj homocysteine ​​tom qab rau lub hlis, piv rau cov khoom noj muaj protein tsawg, methionine tsawg ().

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv mus txog li 100% tsis tshwm sim cuam tshuam rau homocysteine ​​hauv cov neeg laus noj qab nyob zoo yam tsis muaj vitamin txaus ().

Sab sij huam

Txhawm rau ntsuas lub cev cov lus teb rau methionine, cov kws tshawb nrhiav yuav muab ib qho loj npaum li cov amino acid no thiab tshuaj xyuas qhov cuam tshuam.

Cov koob tshuaj no loj dua li cov kev pom zoo pom zoo, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 45 mg / lb (100 mg / kg), lossis 6.8 grams rau ib tus neeg uas hnyav 150 phaus (68 phaus) ().

Hom kev sim no tau ua tiav ntau dua 6,000 zaug, nrog cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau me. Cov kev mob tshwm sim me me xws li kiv taub hau, tsaug zog thiab hloov ntshav siab ().

Ib qho kev tshwm sim tsis zoo tshwm sim thaum ib qho ntawm cov kev sim no, uas ua rau ib tug neeg tuag ntawm cov ntshav siab tab sis kev noj qab haus huv zoo yog tsis li ntawd ().

Txawm li cas los xij, nws zoo nkaus li tias qhov kev huam yuaj ntau dhau ntawm kwv yees li 70 lub sij hawm kev pom zoo kom tsawg ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ().

Zuag qhia tag nrho, nws pom tias methionine tsis muaj tshuaj lom tshwj xeeb hauv cov tib neeg noj qab haus huv, tshwj tsis yog muaj koob tshuaj ntau kawg uas yuav tsis muaj peev xwm kis tau los ntawm kev noj haus.

Txawm hais tias methionine koom nrog hauv kev tsim homocysteine, tsis muaj pov thawj tias kev nkag mus tsis pub dhau ib qho xwm txheej yog qhov txaus ntshai rau kev noj qab haus huv ().

Cov tib neeg tom qab noj ntau ntau cov pluas noj no feem ntau yuav tsum ntau tshaj qhov xav kom noj tsawg kawg ntawm methionine. Cov kev mob tshwm sim rau kev teb rau cov koob tshuaj loj feem ntau me dua tab sis tuaj yeem ua kev phom sij ntawm kev siv tshuaj ntau kawg.

Rau hauv qab Kab

Methionine yog ib qho tshwj xeeb leej faj soob leej muaj cov amino acid uas yuav siv los tsim cov protein thiab tsim cov molecules ntau hauv lub cev.

Cov no suav nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus antioxidant glutathione thiab molecule SAM, uas yog siv los hloov kho DNA thiab lwm yam lwg me me.

Methionine nyob hauv ntau hom zaub mov muaj protein ntau thiab feem ntau muaj tsiaj muaj protein ntau dua li cov nroj tsuag. Txawm hais tias cov zaub mov ntshav muaj hnub nyoog tsawg tsawg tau pom tias yuav ua kom ntev dua lub neej hauv tsiaj, seb qhov no tseem ceeb rau tib neeg tseem tsis tau meej.

Cov neeg noj ntau yam zaub mov feem ntau ua raws li kev pom zoo kom noj methionine, tab sis qee tus neeg laus yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev nce ntxiv.

Cov kev mob tshwm sim rau cov lus teb rau cov koob tshuaj loj yog cov me dua tab sis tuaj yeem ua kev phom sij ntawm kev noj tshuaj ntau kawg tshaj qhov yuav ua tau los ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo.

Raws li kev tshawb pom muaj hauv cov neeg muaj kev noj qab haus huv, tej zaum koj tsis tas yuav txwv tshwj xeeb lossis nce methionine ntau hauv koj cov zaub mov noj.