CBC: nws yog dab tsi rau thiab yuav nkag siab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo li cas
Zoo Siab
- 1. Cov qe ntshav liab, erythrocytes lossis erythrocytes
- 2. Cov qe ntshav dawb (leukocytes)
- 3. Platelets
Kev ua tiav cov ntshav suav yog kev kuaj ntshav uas ntsuas cov ntshav tsim cov ntshav, xws li leukocytes, lub npe hu ua ntshav dawb, qe ntshav liab, tseem hu ua qe ntshav liab lossis erythrocytes, thiab platelets.
Ib feem ntawm cov ntshav suav uas cuam tshuam rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub qe ntshav liab yog hu ua erythrogram uas, ntxiv rau kev qhia tias muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov ntshav ntshav, qhia txog qhov zoo ntawm cov ntshav liab, qhia tias seb lawv puas muaj peev xwm loj lossis nrog cov tshuaj hemoglobin nyob hauv lawv, uas yuav pab qhia meej txog cov teeb meem ntshav tsis txaus, piv txwv. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog muab los ntawm cov ntsuas kub hematimetric, uas yog HCM, VCM, CHCM thiab RDW.
Kev yoo mov tsis tsim nyog rau nws kev sau, txawm li cas los xij, nws pom zoo kom tsis txhob qoj ib ce 24 xuaj moos ua ntej kev kuaj mob thiab kom nyob hauv 48 teev tsis haus ib qho dej cawv, vim tias lawv yuav hloov qhov tshwm sim.
Qee qhov xwm txheej uas tuaj yeem pom hauv cov ntshav suav yog:
1. Cov qe ntshav liab, erythrocytes lossis erythrocytes
Lub erythrogram yog ib feem ntawm cov ntshav suav uas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntshav liab, erythrocytes, tseem hu ua erythrocytes, tau txheeb xyuas.
| HT lossis HCT - Hematocrit | Sawv cev rau feem pua ntawm cov ntim uas tso los ntawm cov ntshav liab hauv lub cev tag nrho | Siab: Lub cev qhuav dej, polycythemia thiab poob siab; Tsawg: Kev mob ntshav siab, ntshav ntau dhau, mob raum, hlau thiab protein tsis txaus thiab sepsis. |
| Hb - Hemoglobin | Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov ntshav liab thiab yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev thauj oxygen | Siab: Polycythemia, lub siab ua haujlwm, mob ntsws thiab ntawm qhov chaw siab; Tsawg: Cev xeeb tub, ntshav tsis muaj zog, ntshav tsawg megaloblastic, thalassemia, mob qog noj ntshav, mob tsis zoo, mob siab thiab mob ntsws. |
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov nyiaj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, ib qho ntshav suav tseem yuav tsum txheeb xyuas lawv cov yam ntxwv morphological, vim lawv tseem tuaj yeem qhia cov kab mob. Qhov kev ntsuas no yog tsim los siv cov taw qhia hematimetric hauv qab no:
- MCV lossis Qhov Nruab Nrab Corpuscular Ntim:ntsuas qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, uas tej zaum yuav nce ntxiv hauv qee yam ntshav tsawg, xws li vitamin B12 lossis folic acid tsis txaus, kev quav dej cawv lossis hloov pob txha pob txha. Yog tias nws raug txo qis, nws yuav qhia txog qhov tsis muaj ntshav txaus vim muaj hlau tsis txaus lossis keeb kwm caj ces, xws li Thalassemia, piv txwv. Kawm ntxiv txog VCM;
- HCM lossis Nruab Nrab Corpuscular Hemoglobin:qhia txog tag nrho cov ntshav ntshav liab los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov loj thiab xim ntawm lub qe ntshav liab. Saib qhov qib siab thiab qis HCM txhais tau li cas;
- CHCM (nruab nrab corpuscular hemoglobin concentration): qhia hemoglobin concentration hauv cov ntshav liab, raug txo qis hauv qhov tsis nco qab, thiab qhov xwm txheej no hu ua hypochromia;
- RDW (Ntau ntawm kev faib cov qe ntshav liab): nws yog qhov ntsuas uas qhia qhov feem pua ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntshav liab ntawm cov ntshav ntsuas, yog li, yog tias muaj cov qe ntshav liab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg hauv cov qauv, qhov ntsuas yuav yuav hloov, uas tuaj yeem yog qhov sib cav rau qhov pib ntawm hlau los yog vitamin tsis muaj anemias, piv txwv li, thiab lawv cov ntsiab lus muaj nqis yog li ntawm 10 txog 15%. Kawm ntxiv txog RDW.
Nrhiav kom paub cov ntsiab lus ntxiv hais txog cov ntshav suav ntsig txog yam tseem ceeb.
2. Cov qe ntshav dawb (leukocytes)
Xws li leukogram yog ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas tseem ceeb los pab tshawb xyuas tus tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv thiab ua li cas lub cev muaj peev xwm hloov mus rau cov xwm txheej sib txawv, xws li kis mob thiab tawg, piv txwv. Thaum lub zog leukocyte siab, qhov xwm txheej hu ua leukocytosis, thiab thim rov qab, mob leukopenia. Saib yuav ua li cas nkag siab lub txiaj ntsig ntshav dawb.
| Neutrophils | Siab:Cov kab mob, o, mob qog noj ntshav, mob cancer, mob siab, ntxhov siab, ntshav qab zib lossis gout. Tsawg: Tsis muaj cov vitamins B12, cov ntshav liab tsis zoo ntawm lub cev, kev siv tshuaj steroids, tom qab phais lossis thrombocytopenic purpura. |
| Eosinophils | Siab: Kev ua xua, cua nab, pernicious anemia, ulcerative colitis lossis Hodgkin's disease. Tsawg: Siv cov beta-blockers, corticosteroids, kev ntxhov siab, kab mob los yog kis. |
| Cov Pob Tsuas | Siab: Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm tus po, mob caj dab ntev ntev myeloid leukemia, polycythemia, qaib pox lossis Hodgkin's kab mob. Tsawg: Hyperthyroidism, mob hnyav, xeeb menyuam lossis anaphylactic poob siab. |
| Lymphocytes | Siab: Kab mob mononucleosis, mob qog, qhua pias thiab mob hnyav. Tsawg: Kev kis mob lossis khoom noj tsis txaus. |
| Monocytes | Siab: Mob ntshav liab monocytic, kab mob lipid cia, tus kab mob protozoal lossis mob ua mob rau sab hauv. Tsawg: Aplastic anemia. |
3. Platelets
Platelets yeej tau tawg ntawm cov hlwb uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev vim tias lawv tau lav pib cov txheej txheem txhaws. Tus nqe ntshav ib txwm li cas yuav tsum yog li ntawm 150,000 txog 450,000 / mm³ ntawm cov ntshav.
Piv txwv li cov plasmaets muaj kev txhawj xeeb vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav txhaws thiab mob plab, nrog rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm thrombosis thiab mob ntsws embolism, piv txwv. Thaum lawv txo qis, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj feem los ntshav. Tshawb nrhiav seb qhov ua rau yog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas thaum muaj ntshav qes qis.
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