Electrophoresis: nws yog dab tsi, nws yog dab tsi rau thiab nws ua li cas

Zoo Siab

• Dab tsi yog nws rau
• Yuav ua li cas nws ua tiav
• Hom ntawm electrophoresis
• 1. Hemoglobin electrophoresis
• 2. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob electrophoresis

Electrophoresis yog cov txheej txheem sim ua nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev cais cov molecules raws li lawv qhov loj thiab cov nqi hluav taws xob kom kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob tuaj yeem ua, kev qhia txog protein tau tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas lossis kab mob tuaj yeem paub tau.

Electrophoresis yog cov txheej txheem yooj yooj yim thiab raug nyiaj tsawg, raug siv rau hauv cov kev sim nyob hauv tsev sim thiab hauv kev tshawb fawb. Raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm electrophoresis, nws yuav tsim nyog ua lwm yam kev sim thiab kuaj mob kom ua tiav kev kuaj mob, piv txwv.

Dab tsi yog nws rau

Electrophoresis tuaj yeem ua rau ntau lub hom phiaj, ob qho tib si hauv cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kuaj mob, vim nws yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab raug nyiaj tsawg.Yog li, electrophoresis tuaj yeem ua rau:

• Txheeb xyuas cov kab mob, fungi, kab mob thiab cab, nrog rau daim ntawv thov no tau ua ntau dua hauv kev tshawb fawb;
• Kev kuaj xyuas leej txiv;
• Txheeb xyuas qhov kev qhia ntawm cov protein;
• Piv txwv kev hloov pauv, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txheeb xyuas tus mob leukemias, piv txwv;
• Txheeb xyuas cov hom kev hemoglobin, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txheeb xyuas kab mob ntawm ntshav ntshav
• Txheeb xyuas seb cov protein ntau npaum li cas hauv cov ntshav.

Raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm electrophoresis, nws yuav tsim nyog ua lwm yam kev tshuaj ntsuam ntxiv rau tus kws kho mob ua tiav kev kuaj mob.

Yuav ua li cas nws ua tiav

Txhawm rau ua cov electrophoresis nws yog qhov tsim nyog cov gel, uas tuaj yeem ua ntawm polyacrylamide lossis agarose nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj, electrophoresis tsis thiab vat, moleer hnyav cim thiab xim fluorescent, ntxiv rau UV lossis LED teeb cov khoom, kuj hu ua transilluminator Cov.

Tom qab npaj cov gel, yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom tshwj xeeb los ua qhov dej hauv qhov dej, qhov muaj npe hu ua zuag, thiab cia cov gel teeb. Thaum cov gel npaj txhij, tsuas yog siv cov tshuaj rau hauv qhov dej. Rau qhov no, lub cim hnyav molecular yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib qho ntawm lub qhov dej, kev tswj tau zoo, uas yog cov tshuaj uas paub tias nws yog dab tsi, kev tswj tsis zoo, uas tuaj yeem lav qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab cov hnoos qeev yuav tsum raug tshuaj xyuas. Txhua qhov hnoos qeev yuav tsum muab sib xyaw nrog cov xim fluorescent, vim li no txoj kev tuaj yeem ua kom pom txoj hlua khi ntawm lub transilluminator.

Cov gel nrog cov qauv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv electrophoresis vat, uas muaj cov teeb meem tshwj tsis haum, thiab tom qab ntawd cov cuab yeej tau tig los kom muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no thiab, yog li, muaj peev xwm sib txawv, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom raws rau lawv cov load thiab loj. Lub sijhawm electrophoretic khiav lub sijhawm sib txawv raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm cov txheej txheem, thiab tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev li 1 teev.

Tom qab lub sijhawm tau txiav txim, nws yog qhov ua tau kom pom qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm electrophoretic khiav los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob transilluminator. Thaum cov gel tso rau hauv qab UV lossis LED lub teeb, nws yog qhov pom kom pom cov qauv banding: qhov loj dua cov molecule, qhov tsawg dua nws tsiv, txav mus kom ze rau lub qhov dej, thaum lub teeb lub zog tsim, qhov loj dua lub peev xwm txav chaw.

Txog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom raug cai, nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias txoj hlua khi ntawm qhov kev tswj tau zoo tau pom tseeb thiab tias nyob rau hauv kev tswj tsis zoo tsis muaj dab tsi pom, vim hais tias txwv tsis pub nws yog qhov taw qhia tias muaj kev sib kis, thiab tag nrho cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau rov ua dua.

Hom ntawm electrophoresis

Electrophoresis tuaj yeem ua rau ntau lub hom phiaj sib txawv thiab, raws li nws lub hom phiaj, muaj ntau hom gel tuaj yeem siv, feem ntau ua polyacrylamide thiab agarose.

Electrophoresis txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob me me yog qhov tshwm sim ntau dua hauv kev tshawb fawb hauv chaw soj nstuam, txawm li cas los xij, rau kev kuaj mob, electrophoresis tuaj yeem siv txhawm rau txheeb xyuas hematological kab mob thiab kab mob uas hloov zuj zus nrog qhov nce ntawm cov protein, ua lub ntsiab ntawm electrophoresis:

1. Hemoglobin electrophoresis

Hemoglobin electrophoresis yog ib lub chaw sim sim ua kom paub txog ntau yam hemoglobin kis hauv cov ntshav, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas qhov muaj cov kabmob cuam tshuam nrog hemoglobin synthesis. Hom hemoglobin tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm txhais tau hais tias ntawm electrophoresis ntawm ib lub pH tshwj xeeb, qhov tseeb ntawm 8.0 thiab 9.0, nrog cov qauv ntawm cov xov tooj tau raug txheeb xyuas uas tuaj yeem piv rau tus qauv qub, tso cai rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov muaj cov hemoglobins txawv txav.

Dab tsi nws yog tsim rau: Hemoglobin electrophoresis tau ua los soj ntsuam thiab kuaj kab mob ntsig txog hemoglobin synthesis, xws li kev mob qog ntshav ntshav thiab hemoglobin C, ntxiv rau qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txawv thalassemia. Kawm yuav ua li cas txhais cov hemoglobin electrophoresis.

2. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob electrophoresis

Protein electrophoresis yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam uas tus kws kho mob tau thov kom ntsuas seb muaj protein ntau mus rau hauv cov ntshav li cas, yog li, txheeb xyuas cov kab mob. Qhov kev kuaj no yog ua los ntawm cov ntshav ntsuas, uas yog centrifuged kom tau txais cov ntshav, uas ib feem ntawm cov ntshav, muaj, ntawm lwm yam tshuaj, ntawm cov protein.

Tom qab electrophoresis, ib qho qauv ntawm cov hlua tuaj yeem pom tseeb thiab, tom qab ntawd, lub teeb uas qhov ntau ntawm txhua feem ntawm cov protein tau qhia, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob.

Dab tsi nws yog tsim rau: Protein electrophoresis pub rau tus kws kho mob tshawb xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau yam mob myeloma, lub cev qhuav dej, mob qog nqaij hlav, mob ntsws, mob rau daim siab, kab mob ntsws, mob caj pas thiab mob ntshav siab raws li cov qauv kab thiab daim duab qhia hauv daim ntawv qhia tshuaj.

Nkag siab tias nws tau ua tiav li cas thiab to taub qhov tshwm sim ntawm protein electrophoresis yog li cas.