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Acyclovir - Mechanism of Action, Indications, and Side Effects
Daim Duab: Acyclovir - Mechanism of Action, Indications, and Side Effects

Zoo Siab

Acyclovir yog siv los txo qhov mob thiab nrawm rau qhov kho tau ntawm cov hlwv lossis cov hlwv hauv cov neeg uas muaj varicella (qhua dej qhua), tus mob herpes zoster (mob yuag; ua pob rau hauv cov neeg uas tau mob qaib qhua yav dhau los), thiab thawj zaug lossis rov ua dua kev kis mob ntawm tus kas cees ntawm qhov chaw mob (tus kab mob herpes tus kab mob uas ua rau mob nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub chaw mos thiab lub qhov quav ib zaug). Acyclovir kuj tseem siv qee lub sijhawm los tiv thaiv kev kis tus mob ntawm chaw mos ntawm cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob no. Acyclovir yog nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hu ua nucleoside analogues. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev txwv tsis pub kis tus kabmob herpes hauv lub cev. Acyclovir yuav tsis kho tus mob ua pob ntawm chaw mos thiab yuav tsis nres qhov uas kis ntawm chaw mos rau lwm tus neeg.

Acyclovir los ua ib ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj ntsiav, thiab ncua kev kawm (kua) los noj ntawm qhov ncauj. Nws kuj tseem ua qhov ncua sij hawm tso cov ntsiav tshuaj buccal los siv rau cov pos hniav sab saud. Cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj ntsiav, thiab kev ncua yog feem ntau noj nrog lossis tsis noj zaub mov ob mus rau tsib zaug ib hnub rau 5 txog 10 hnub, pib sai li sai tau tom qab koj cov tsos mob pib. Thaum acyclovir raug siv los tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam mob ntawm qhov chaw mos, nws feem ntau noj ob rau tsib zaug hauv ib hnub txog rau 12 hlis. Cov ntsiav tshuaj ncua ntev tshaj tawm feem ntau yog siv nrog cov ntiv tes qhuav ua ib zaug li 1 teev nyob rau 1 teev tom qab khaus, liab, kub los yog tingling mob cov tsos mob pib tab sis ua ntej tus mob txias tshwm. Siv lossis siv acyclovir ncig lub sijhawm tib lub sijhawm txhua hnub. Ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm koj daim ntawv sau tshuaj noj kom zoo, thiab nug koj tus kws kho mob lossis kws muag tshuaj kom piav qhia ib feem uas koj tsis nkag siab. Noj lossis siv acyclovir raws nraim li qhia. Tsis txhob noj los yog siv ntau dua los yog tsawg dua lossis siv ntau dua lossis siv sijhawm ntev dua li koj tus kws khomob tau qhia.


Tsis txhob zom, zuaj, ntxais lossis nqos cov ntsiav tshuaj ncua sij hawm-tso buccal. Haus dej kom ntau, yog tias koj lub qhov ncauj qhuav thaum siv cov ntsiav tshuaj tso tawm kom qeeb.

Txhawm rau siv buccal acyclovir, ua raws li cov theem hauv qab no:

  1. Pom thaj chaw ntawm cov pos hniav sab saud koj sab laug thiab sab xis incisor hniav (cov hniav tsuas yog mus rau sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm koj ob sab hniav pem hauv ntej).
  2. Nrog txhais tes qhuav, tshem ib ntsiav tshuaj ncua-tso tawm los ntawm lub khob.
  3. Maj mam pleev cov ntsiav tshuaj mus rau thaj tsam ntawm cov pos hniav sab saum toj siab li nws yuav mus rau ntawm koj cov pos hniav saum toj ib qho ntawm koj cov hniav incisor nyob ib sab ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj nrog qhov mob txias. Tsis txhob siv nws rau sab hauv ntawm daim di ncauj lossis sab plhu.
  4. Tuav cov ntsiav tshuaj hauv qhov chaw ntev li 30 feeb.
  5. Yog tias cov ntsiav tshuaj tsis lo rau koj cov pos hniav lossis yog tias nws lo rau sab plhu lossis sab hauv ntawm koj daim di ncauj, kho nws kom nplaum rau ntawm koj cov pos hniav. Tso cov ntsiav tshuaj tso rau hauv qhov chaw kom txog thaum nws yaj tas.
  6. Tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog qhov kev tso kawm ntawm lub ntsiav tshuaj. Kuaj xyuas seb lub ntsiav tshuaj puas tseem nyob tom qab noj mov, haus dej, lossis yaug koj lub qhov ncauj.

Yog tias cov ntsiav tshuaj qeeb-tso buccal tawm nyob rau thawj 6 teev ntawm daim ntawv thov, rov qab ua tib lub ntsiav tshuaj. Yog tias nws tseem yuav tsis lo, tom qab siv dua cov ntsiav tshuaj tshiab. Yog tias koj lam tau lam noj cov ntsiav tshuaj tsis pub dhau thawj 6 teev ntawm kev thov, haus ib khob dej thiab tso ib ntsiav tshuaj tshiab rau ntawm koj cov pos hniav. Yog tias lub ntsiav tshuaj poob los yog raug nqos lawm 6 lossis ntau dua teev tom qab thov, tsis txhob siv lub ntsiav tshuaj tshiab kom txog thaum koj lub sijhawm tom ntej.


Zam tawm cov hauv qab no thaum koj siv acyclovir buccal ncua kev tso tawm ntsiav tshuaj:

  • Tsis txhob zom cov pos hniav, kov, lossis nias lub ntsiav tshuaj buccal tom qab nws tau thov.
  • Tsis txhob hnav cov hniav looj sab saud.
  • Tsis txhuam koj cov hniav kom txog thaum nws yaj tas. Yog tias koj cov hniav yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav thaum lub ntsiav tshuaj nyob hauv qhov chaw, yaug lub qhov ncauj kom zoo.

Muab co tshem tawm kom zoo ua ntej txhua zaug siv los sib tov cov tshuaj kom zoo ib yam.

Koj cov tsos mob yuav tsum txhim kho thaum lub sij hawm kho nrog acyclovir. Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj cov tsos mob tsis zoo lossis yog tias lawv mob hnyav dua.

Siv lossis siv acyclovir kom txog thaum koj ua tiav cov tshuaj, txawm hais tias koj xis neej dua. Yog tias koj tsum tsis siv tshuaj acyclovir sai dhau los yog ncua tshuaj, koj tus kab mob yuav tsis tau kho kiag li lossis yuav nyuaj rau kho. Qhov ncua sij hawm tso tawm cov ntsiav tshuaj buccal yog thov raws li kev siv tshuaj ib zaug.

Acyclovir kuj tseem siv qee zaum los kho eczema herpeticum (kev kis mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm tus mob herpes) los kho thiab tiv thaiv tus mob herpes kis rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov muag, qhov ntswg, thiab qhov ncauj hauv cov neeg mob tib neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (HIV), thiab kho qhov ncauj plaub. leukoplakia (mob uas ua rau muaj plaub dawb los sis xim txho xim ntawm tus nplaig lossis sab plhu).


Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem tsim tawm rau lwm txoj kev siv; nug koj tus kws kho mob lossis kws muag tshuaj kom paub ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv.

Ua ntej noj acyclovir,

  • qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob thiab tus kws muag tshuaj yog tias koj muaj kev fab tshuaj rau acyclovir, valacyclovir (Valtrex), lwm yam tshuaj noj, cov protein mis, lossis ib yam twg hauv cov khoom acyclovir. Nug koj tus kws muag tshuaj rau cov npe ntawm cov khoom xyaw.
  • qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob thiab kws muag tshuaj uas siv tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj uas tsis yog kws kho mob, cov vitamins, khoom noj khoom haus zoo, thiab tshuaj ntsuab koj tau noj lossis npaj yuav noj. Nco ntsoov hais qee yam ntawm cov hauv qab no: amphotericin B (Fungizone); aminoglycoside tshuaj tua kab mob xws li amikacin (Amikin), gentamicin (Garamycin), kanamycin (Kantrex), neomycin (Nes-RX, Neo-Fradin), paramomycin (Humatin), streptomycin, thiab tobramycin (Tobi, Nebcin); cov tshuaj aspirin thiab lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo xws li ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), thiab naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn); cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune); tshuaj kho mob HIV lossis AIDS xws li zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT); pentamidine (NebuPent); probenecid (Benemid); sulfonamides xws li sulfamethoxazole thiab trimethoprim (Bactrim); tacrolimus (Prograf); thiab vancomycin. Ntau lwm yam tshuaj kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog acyclovir, yog li nco ntsoov qhia koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam tshuaj uas koj siv, txawm tias tsis tshwm nyob hauv daim ntawv no. Koj tus kws kho mob tej zaum yuav tau hloov qhov tshuaj ntawm koj cov tshuaj lossis saib xyuas koj kom zoo rau kev phiv.
  • qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias muaj peev xwm ua rau koj lub cev qhuav dej los ntawm kev mob lossis kev ua si, lossis yog tias koj tau muaj lossis muaj teeb meem txog koj lub cev tsis muaj zog; tib neeg kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (HIV); nrhiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws (AIDS); lossis mob raum.
  • qhia koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj cev xeeb tub, npaj yuav cev xeeb tub, lossis pub mis niam. Yog tias koj cev xeeb tub thaum noj acyclovir, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob.
  • yog tias koj noj tshuaj acyclovir los kho tus mob ua pob ntawm chaw mos, koj yuav tsum paub tias tus mob herpes ntawm chaw mos yuav kis tau los ntawm kev sib deev txawm tias koj tsis muaj mob tawm hlwv lossis lwm yam tsos mob thiab muaj txawm tias koj noj acyclovir. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev kis tus mob ntawm chaw mos thiab seb koj tus khub yuav tsum tau txais kev kho mob dab tsi.

Haus dej kom ntau thaum koj tab tom noj los yog siv acyclovir.

Noj cov koob tshuaj uas ploj lawm sai li sai tau thaum koj nco ntsoov nws thiab noj cov koob tshuaj uas tseem tshuav rau hnub ntawd thaum sib nrug sib luag. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias nws yuav luag txog rau koob tshuaj txuas ntxiv, hla cov koob tshuaj uas tsis nco qab noj thiab txuas ntxiv koj lub sijhawm noj tshuaj kom tsis tu ncua. Tsis txhob noj tshuaj rau ob zaug kom ua rau qhov ploj lawm ib zaug.

Acyclovir yuav ua rau muaj kev phiv. Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no hnyav lossis tsis ploj mus:

  • mob plab
  • ntuav
  • zawv plab
  • kiv taub hau
  • nkees nkees
  • ntxhov siab
  • mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov pob qij txha
  • plaub hau poob
  • kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zeem muag

Qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem loj heev. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob nram qab no, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd:

  • khaus
  • xoo pob lossis tawm pob
  • khaus
  • ua pa nyuaj lossis nqos
  • o ntawm lub ntsej muag, lub caj pas, tus nplaig, daim di ncauj, qhov muag, tes, taw, pob taws, lossis ceg qis
  • txhaws qa
  • lub plawv dhia ceev
  • tsis muaj zog
  • daj ntseg tawv nqaij
  • teeb meem pw tsaug zog
  • kub taub hau, mob caj pas, ua daus no, hnoos, thiab lwm yam cim ntawm tus kab mob
  • doog ntshav los ntshav tsis txawv
  • cov ntshav hauv cov zis
  • mob plab lossis ntswj
  • ntshav zawv plab
  • tsis tso zis tsawg
  • mob taub hau
  • hnov (pom tej yam lossis hnov ​​cov suab uas tsis muaj nyob)
  • tsis meej pem
  • kev coj tus cwj pwm
  • hais nyuaj
  • loog, mob, lossis tingling hauv caj npab lossis txhais ceg
  • tsis muaj peev xwm txav tau qee ntu ntawm koj lub cev
  • co ntawm qee qhov ntawm koj lub cev uas koj tswj tsis tau
  • qaug dab peg
  • tsis nco qab

Acyclovir yuav ua rau muaj kev phiv ntxiv. Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj teeb meem txawv txawv thaum koj tab tom noj lossis siv cov tshuaj no.

Yog tias koj muaj kev mob tshwm sim loj, koj lossis koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xa ntawv ceeb toom rau Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) lossis hauv xov tooj ( 1-800-332-1088).

Khaws cov tshuaj no rau hauv lub khob uas nws nkag los, kaw kom nruj, thiab ncav tsis cuag ntawm cov menyuam. Khaws nws ntawm chav sov thiab deb ntawm qhov kub thiab noo noo (tsis nyob hauv chav dej).

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj txhua yam tshuaj rau qhov tsis pom thiab ncav cuag ntawm cov menyuam yaus ntau li ntau ntim (xws li tshuaj ntsiav tshuaj txhua lub limtiam thiab cov tshuaj rau qhov muag, tshuaj pleev, pleev xim, thiab nqus tshuaj) tsis tiv thaiv menyuam yaus thiab cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem qhib lawv tau yooj yim. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov menyuam yaus me los ntawm kev lom, ib txwm kaw lub kaus mom kev nyab xeeb thiab muab cov tshuaj tso rau qhov chaw nyab xeeb - ib qho chaw nyob thiab deb thiab tawm ntawm lawv pom thiab ncav cuag. http://www.upandaway.org

Cov tshuaj tsis siv tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb kom ntseeg tau tias cov tsiaj, menyuam yaus, thiab lwm tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem haus lawv. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yaug cov tshuaj no hauv lub qhov viv. Hloov chaw, txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev muab koj cov tshuaj tshem tawm yog los ntawm kev siv tshuaj rov qab. Tham nrog koj tus kws muag tshuaj lossis tiv tauj koj lub chaw khaws khib nyiab / chaw khaws khoom ubno hauv ib cheeb tsam kom paub txog cov haujlwm thim rov qab hauv koj lub zej zog. Saib ntawm FDA's Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Siv Tshuaj lub vev xaib (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) kom paub cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv yog tias koj tsis muaj kev nkag mus saib rov qab.

Yog hais tias noj ntau dhau, hu rau kem tus xov tooj kev pab tswj kev lom ntawm 1-800-222-1222. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem muaj nyob online ntawm https://www.poisonhelp.org/help. Yog tus neeg raug tsim txom, tsaus muag, ua tsis taus pa, lossis sawv tsis taus, hu rau 911 tus neeg pab thaum muaj xwm ceev.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev noj haus ntau heev yuav suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

  • ntxhov siab
  • qaug dab peg
  • nkees heev
  • tsis nco qab
  • o ntawm tes, taw, pob taws, lossis ceg qis
  • tsis tso zis tsawg

Khaws tag nrho cov kev teem caij mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob thiab chav kuaj mob. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj qee qhov kev kuaj sim kuaj xyuas koj cov lus teb rau acyclovir.

Tsis txhob cia lwm tus noj lossis siv koj cov tshuaj. Nug koj tus kws muag tshuaj cov lus nug uas koj muaj txog kev rov ntxiv tshuaj rau koj.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj kom koj muaj ib daim ntawv sau tag nrho cov tshuaj noj thiab cov tshuaj uas tsis yog kws kho mob sau ntawv (tsis yuav khoom) uas koj tab tom noj, nrog rau txhua yam khoom xws li cov vitamins, minerals, lossis lwm yam tshuaj noj rau lub cev. Koj yuav tsum nqa cov ntawv no nrog koj txhua zaus koj mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis yog tias koj tuaj nyob hauv tsev kho mob. Nws tseem yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb los nqa nrog koj thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.

  • Sitavig®
  • Zovirax® Cov tshuaj ntsiav
  • Zovirax® Ntsiav tshuaj
  • Acycloguanosine
  • ACV
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