Cov qhab nia Apgar

Apgar yog qhov sim sai ntawm tus menyuam thaum 1 thiab 5 feeb tom qab yug. Qhov 1 feeb ntawm kev txiav txim siab txiav txim siab tias tus menyuam tau txais qhov txheej txheem ua zoo npaum li cas. Qhov ntsuas 5 feeb qhia rau tus kws kho mob paub tias tus me nyuam nyob sab nraum leej niam lub plab npaum li cas.

Tsawg tsawg zaus, kev kuaj yuav raug ua tiav li 10 feeb tom qab yug.

Virginia Apgar, MD (1909-1974) qhia txog tus lej Apgar rau xyoo 1952.

Tus Apgar kuaj yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob, haushuv hauv, lossis kws tu neeg mob. Tus kws zov me nyuam tshuaj xyuas tus me nyuam:

• Ua tsis taus pa siv zog
• Lub plawv dhia
• Hlab nqaij
• Reflexes
• Cov xim tawv nqaij

Txhua pawg tau qhab-nees nrog 0, 1, lossis 2, nyob ntawm tus mob uas tau saib.

Kev ua tsis taus pa tawm:

• Yog tus minyuam mos ua tsis ua pa, cov pa ua pa yog 0.
• Yog tias qhov kev ua pa tuaj qeeb lossis tsis meej, tus menyuam mos liab cov qhab nia 1 rau kev ua pa.
• Yog tias tus minyuam mos quaj zoo, cov pa ua tsis tau pa yog 2.

Lub plawv dhia yog ntsuas los ntawm stethoscope. Nov yog qhov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb tshaj:

• Yog tias tsis muaj lub siab dhia, tus menyuam mos liab cov qhab nia 0 rau lub plawv dhia.
• Yog tias lub plawv dhia qis dua 100 tus neeg tauj ib feeb, cov menyuam mos liab cov qhab nia 1 rau lub plawv dhia.
• Yog tias lub plawv dhia siab dua 100 tus neeg tauj ib feeb, qhov mos liab cov qhab nia 2 rau lub plawv dhia.

Cov leeg nqaij:

• Yog hais tias cov leeg ib ce xoob thiab muag ntaws, tus menyuam mos liab cov qhab nia 0 rau cov leeg leeg.
• Yog tias muaj qee lub leeg leeg ua kom nce qib, cov menyuam mos liab kis tau 1.
• Yog tias muaj qoj ib ce ua si, tus minyuam mos 2 tau mob leeg nqaij.

Grimace teb los yog reflex irritability yog lub sij hawm piav qhia cov lus teb rau kev tsa, xws li me me:

• Yog tias tsis muaj kev tawm tsam, tus menyuam mos liab cov qhab nia 0 rau kev thev naus laus zis.
• Yog tias muaj grimacing, tus me nyuam mos tau qhab nia 1 rau qhov mob tsis xis nyob.
• Yog tias muaj grimacing thiab hnoos, txham, lossis quaj kom nrov, tus menyuam mos 2 cov qhab nia rau qhov rov ua pa.

Daim tawv nqaij xim:

• Yog hais tias cov xim tawv nqaij yog daj xiav, tus menyuam mos liab cov qhab nia 0 rau xim.
• Yog hais tias lub cev yog xim liab thiab qhov kawg yog xim xiav, tus menyuam mos liab cov qhab nia 1 rau xim.
• Yog tias tag nrho lub cev liab, tus menyuam mos liab ua tau 2 rau xim.

Kev ntsuam xyuas no tau ua tiav los txiav txim seb tus menyuam yug puas xav tau kev pab ua pa lossis muaj teeb meem mob plawv.

Cov qhab nia Apgar yog ua raws tag nrho cov qhab nia ntawm 1 txog 10. Qhov qhab nia siab dua, zoo dua tus me nyuam tau ua tom qab yug.

Tus qhab nia ntawm 7, 8, lossis 9 yog qhov qub thiab yog qhov qhia tias tus me nyuam tshiab muaj kev noj qab haus huv. Ib tus qhab nia ntawm 10 yog qhov txawv heev, txij li yuav luag txhua tus menyuam yug tshiab poob 1 taw rau xiav tes thiab taw, uas yog qhov ib txwm ua tom qab yug.

Ib qho qhab-nees twg qis dua 7 yog qhov cim tias tus menyuam xav tau kev saib xyuas. Qhov qis dua qhov qhab nia tsawg dua, kev pab ntau dua rau tus menyuam yuav tsum tau kho nyob sab nraum leej niam lub tsev menyuam.

Feem ntau ntawm cov sij hawm cov qhab nia Apgar qis yog tshwm sim los ntawm:

• Nyuaj hnub yug
• C-seem
• Ua kua dej hauv tus menyuam cov hlab cua

Ib tug menyuam mos uas tau qhab nia qis (Apgar) yuav xav tau:

• Cov pa oxygen thiab tshem tawm cov pa hauv cua pab kom ua pa
• Kev tawm dag zog ntawm lub cev kom ua rau lub siab ntaus zoo

Feem ntau, cov qhab nia qis ntawm 1 feeb yog nyob ze-li qub los ntawm 5 feeb.

Qhov qhab nias Apgar qis dua tsis tau txhais tau hais tias tus menyuam yuav muaj mob loj lossis muaj mob ntev ntev. Cov qhab nia Apgar tsis tau tsim los twv seb yav tom ntej txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam.

Kev ntsuas cov menyuam mos; Kev Xa - Apgar

• Kev saib xyuas menyuam mos tom qab xa menyuam tas
• Kev kuaj menyuam mos tshiab

Arulkumaran S. Fetal yoos hauv kev ua zog. Hauv: Arulkumaran SS, Robson MS, eds. Munro Kerr Qhov Kev Koom Tes Ua Haujlwm. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 9.

Ntseeg NK. Tus me nyuam mos liab. Hauv: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Phau Ntawv ntawm Pediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 113.