Lub Pob Tawb

Cov qog yog qhov kev loj hlob tsis zoo ntawm cov nqaij mos. Cov hlav qog tuaj yeem mob qog noj ntshav (malignant) lossis noncancerous (benign).

Feem ntau, qog hlav tshwm sim thaum cov cell faib thiab loj hlob tshaj hauv lub cev. Nquag, lub cev tswj cov kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab faib. Cov hlwb tshiab yog tsim los hloov cov laus dua los yog ua cov haujlwm tshiab. Cov xias uas raug mob los yog tsis xav tau tuag ntev yuav ua rau chav hloov pauv kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv.

Yog tias qhov sib npaug ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev ploj tuag cuam tshuam, ib lub qog yuav ua tau.

Cov teeb meem ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau cov qog. Luam yeeb ua rau neeg tuag vim mob cancer ntau dua lwm cov tshuaj phem. Lwm yam kev pheej hmoo rau mob cancer xws li:

• Benzene thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg thiab co toxins
• Haus cawv ntau dhau
• Cov kuab lom ib puag ncig, xws li qee yam muaj taug nceb thiab ib hom kuab lom uas tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm cov txiv laum huab xeeb (aflatoxins)
• Kev tshav ntuj ntau dhau
• Cov caj ces muaj teeb meem
• Kev pham
• Tawg tiv thaiv hluav taws xob
• Cov kab mob

Hom qog uas paub los ntawm lossis txuas nrog kab mob yog:

• Burkitt lymphoma (Tus kab mob Epstein-Barr)
• Cervical cancer (tib neeg papillomavirus)
• Feem ntau cov mob qog nqaij hlav (tib neeg papillomavirus)
• Qee qhov mob qog noj ntshav, nrog rau lub ntsej muag muag, lub hauv paus ntawm tus nplaig thiab tonsil (tib neeg papillomavirus)
• Qee cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm chaw mos, rab qau, thiab rab qau (tib neeg papillomavirus)
• Qee cov qog nqaij hlav cancer (kab mob siab B thiab kab mob siab C)
• Kaposi sarcoma (tib neeg pob herpesvirus 8)
• Cov Neeg Mob Loj T-cell mob ntshav qab zib / mob qog ntshav (neeg mob T-lymphotropic virus-1)
• Mob cancer ntawm Merkel cell (Merkel cell polyomavirus)
• Nasopharyngeal mob qog noj ntshav (Kab mob Epstein-Barr)

Cov qog hlav muaj ntau nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib deev dua li lwm qhov. Qee qhov feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus lossis cov neeg laus dua. Lwm qhov muaj feem xyuam rau kev noj haus, ib puag ncig, thiab keeb kwm tsev neeg.

Cov tsos mob nyob ntawm hom thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub qog. Piv txwv, mob qog ua rau hnoos, txog siav, lossis mob hauv siab. Cov qog ntawm cov hnyuv tuaj yeem ua rau poob phaus, raws plab, quav tawv, tsis muaj zog hlau, thiab ntshav hauv cov quav.

Mob qog yuav tsis ua mob. Lwm tus, xws li esophageal lossis pancreatic cancer, TSIS TXHOB ua rau muaj cov tsos mob kom txog thaum tus kab mob tau mus txog theem siab.

Cov tsos mob hauv qab no yuav tshwm sim nrog cov qog:

• Ua npaws lossis ua daus no
• Nkees
• Tsis qab los noj mov
• Hmo ntuj tawm hws
• Lub cev yuag
• Mob

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom muaj qog, xws li mob nqaij lossis nqaij hlav. Tab sis feem ntau cov kab mob khees xaws tsis tuaj yeem pom thaum kuaj vim tias lawv tob hauv lub cev.

Thaum pom cov qog, ib daim ntawm cov nqaij mos raug tshem tawm thiab kuaj hauv lub tshuab tsom. Qhov no yog hu ua biopsy. Nws ua tiav los txiav txim siab tias cov qog ua haujlwm tsis huv (benign) lossis mob qog nqaij hlav (malignant). Ua raws li qhov chaw ntawm lub qog nqaij hlav, nqaij me me yuav ua cov txheej txheem yooj yim lossis kev ua haujlwm loj.

Daim duab CT lossis MRI scan tuaj yeem pab txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm lub qog thiab ntev npaum li cas nws kis tau. Lwm txoj kev kuaj hu ua positron emission tomography (PET) yog siv los nrhiav qee yam qog ntshav.

Lwm yam kev xeem uas yuav muaj xws li:

• Kuaj ntshav
• Mob hlwb pob txha (feem ntau feem ntau yog mob qog nqaij hlav lossis mob ntuag ntshav)
• Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob xoo
• Ua kom tiav cov ntshav suav (CBC)
• Kev kuaj mob siab ua haujlwm

Kev kho mob mas nws txawv raws li:

• Hom mob qog
• Seb nws yog mob cancer
• Qhov chaw ntawm lub qog

Koj yuav tsis xav tau kev kho yog tias lub qog:

• Tsis tseem ceeb (me me)
• Hauv thaj chaw "nyab xeeb" uas nws yuav tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob lossis teeb meem ntawm txoj kev ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrog cev

Qee zaum qee cov hlav qog yuav raug tshem tawm vim kev zoo nkauj los yog txhim kho cov tsos mob. Cov qog uas nyob ze los yog hauv hlwb kuj yuav raug tshem tawm vim yog lawv qhov chaw nyob lossis cov teeb meem cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb ib puag ncig.

Yog tias mob qog noj ntshav, kev kho mob tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Kws khomob
• Kev tawg
• Kev phais mob
• Kev kho mob qog ntshav tshwj xeeb
• Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv
• Lwm txoj kev kho mob

Kev kuaj mob cancer feem ntau ua rau ntau qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus neeg lub neej. Muaj ntau cov peev txheej rau cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav.

Qhov pom tseeb txawv ntawm ntau hom qog. Yog tias cov qog benign, qhov kev pom tseeb feem ntau zoo. Tab sis lub qog nqaij hlav muaj qee zaum tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem loj, xws li hauv lossis ze rau lub hlwb.

Yog tias cov qog mob cancer, qhov tshwm sim nyob ntawm hom thiab theem ntawm lub qog ntawm kev kuaj mob. Muaj qee qhov mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem kho tau. Qee qhov tsis tuaj yeem kho tau, tseem tib neeg muaj sia nyob ntau xyoo nrog mob qog noj ntshav. Tseem tshuav lwm cov qog ib txwm mob neej sai sai.

Pawg Loj; Neoplasm

Burstein E. Kev loj hlob ntawm cev thiab neoplasia. Hauv: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger thiab Fordtran's Gastrointestinal thiab Kab Mob SiabCov. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 1.

Lub koom haum Cancer National website. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob cancer. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-qhia / cov tsos mob. Hloov kho Tsib Hlis 16, 2019. Nkag mus Lub Xya Hli 12, 2020.

Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF. Cancer noob caj noob ces thiab genomics. Hauv: Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF, eds. Thompson & Thompson Genetics hauv TshuajCov. 8 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 15.

Chaw Ua Si BH. Cancer biology thiab noob caj noob ces. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 171.