Kev Hypoparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism yog ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv lub caj pas parathyroid hauv lub caj dab tsis tsim cov tshuaj parathyroid txaus (PTH).

Muaj 4 leeg me me parathyroid caj pas nyob rau hauv lub caj dab, nyob ze lossis txuas rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub qog gland.

Parathyroid qog pab tswj kev siv tshuaj calcium thiab tshem tawm los ntawm lub cev. Lawv ua qhov no los ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH pab tswj cov calcium, phosphorus, thiab cov vitamins D ntau ntxiv hauv cov ntshav thiab pob txha.

Hypoparathyroidism tshwm sim thaum cov qog ua PTH tsawg heev. Cov ntshav calcium qib poob, thiab theem phosphorus nce siab.

Qhov feem ntau ua rau hypoparathyroidism yog raug mob rau cov qog parathyroid thaum lub sijhawm cov ntshav qog lossis caj dab phais. Nws kuj yuav tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no:

• Autoimmune nres rau ntawm qog parathyroid (feem ntau)
• Muaj qib qis kawg nkaus nyob rau hauv cov ntshav (thim rov qab)
• Kev siv tshuaj kho lub plawv iodine rau hyperthyroidism (tsawg heev)

Cov tsos mob DiGeorge yog ib qho kab mob uas qhov hypoparathyroidism tshwm sim vim tias tag nrho cov qog parathyroid tau ploj thaum yug los. Tus kab mob no suav nrog lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv dua li hypoparathyroidism. Nws feem ntau kuaj pom thaum menyuam yaus.

Familial hypoparathyroidism tshwm sim nrog rau lwm cov kab mob endocrine xws li adrenal tsis txaus hauv ib qhov mob hu ua hom I polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGA I).

Kev tawm ntawm tus kab mob no yog maj mam tshwm sim thiab cov tsos mob tuaj yeem mob sib kis. Ntau tus neeg kuaj mob hypoparathyroidism tau muaj tsos mob rau xyoo ua ntej lawv tau kuaj. Cov tsos mob tej zaum yuav mob me ua luaj hais tias kev kuaj mob tau ua tom qab kev soj ntsuam ntshav cov ntshav pom tias tsis muaj calcium.

Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem suav nrog ib qho hauv qab no:

• Tingling daim di ncauj, ntiv tes, thiab ntiv taw (feem ntau)
• Nqaij mob (feem ntau)
• Cov leeg pob txha hu ua tetany (tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub suab qis, ua rau ua pa nyuaj)
• Mob plab
• Lub plawv dhia tsis zoo
• Ntsia thawv
• Cataracts
• Calcium tso nyiaj hauv qee cov ntaub so ntswg
• Tsis nco qab qis
• Cov plaub hau qhuav
• Qhuav, teev tawv nqaij
• Mob ntawm lub ntsej muag, txhais ceg, thiab taw
• Kev coj khaub ncaws tsis zoo
• Qaug dab peg
• Cov hniav uas tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob raws sijhawm, lossis txhua
• Ua kom cov hniav txha hniav laus (hauv menyuam yaus)

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj ib ce thiab nug txog cov tsos mob.

Kev ntsuam xyuas uas yuav ua muaj:

• PTH kuaj ntshav
• Kev kuaj ntshav calcium
• Hlau nplaum
• Kev kuaj zis 24 teev

Lwm yam kev xeem uas yuav raug txiav txim suav nrog:

• ECG txhawm rau kuaj xyuas lub plawv dhia ceev ceev
• CT scan txhawm rau kuaj txhawm rau txhawm calcium nyob hauv lub hlwb

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob yog los txo cov tsos mob thiab rov qab ua kom cov calcium thiab mineral muaj zog hauv lub cev.

Txoj kev kho yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj calcium carbonate thiab vitamin D pab ntxiv. Cov no feem ntau yuav tsum raug coj mus tas sim neej. Cov ntshav tau ntsuas siab ntsuas ntsuas cov ntshav tas li. Xav kom muaj cov calcium-calcium, tsawg-phosphorous noj haus yog kev pom zoo.

Kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm PTH tuaj yeem pom zoo rau qee tus neeg. Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhia koj seb cov tshuaj no puas zoo rau koj.

Cov tib neeg uas muaj kev phom sij txog rau lub cev muaj cov calcium uas tsis txaus los yog mob leeg nqaij ntev heev tau muab calcium los ntawm txoj hlab ntshav (IV). Qhov kev ceev faj tau raug coj los tiv thaiv mob nriaj lossis txha caj qaum. Lub siab yog saib xyuas rau lub suab tsis txaus siab mus txog thaum tus neeg ruaj khov. Thaum tswj tau txoj sia txo txoj sia, kev kho mob txuas ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj noj ntawm qhov ncauj.

Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov zoo yog tias kev kuaj pom ntxov. Tab sis cov kev hloov ntawm cov hniav, cataracts, thiab lub hlwb kev hloov kho tsis tuaj yeem thim rov qab rau cov menyuam yaus uas tsis tau kuaj ntshav hypoparathyroidism thaum txoj kev loj hlob.

Hypoparathyroidism hauv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem ua rau qhov kev loj hlob tsis zoo, cov hniav tsis zoo, thiab kev txhim kho hlwb qeeb.

Ntau cov kev kho mob nrog cov vitamin D thiab calcium tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov ntshav calcium (hypercalcemia) lossis ntshav siab calcium calcium (hypercalciuria). Kev kho ntau dhau qee zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog lub raum kev ua haujlwm, lossis tseem ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.

Hypoparathyroidism tsub kom muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm:

• Kab mob Addison (tsuas yog tias qhov ua rau muaj mob autoimmune)
• Cataracts
• Kab mob Parkinson
• Pernicious anemia (tsuas yog tias qhov ua rau autoimmune)

Hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm hypoparathyroidism.

Mob qaug dab peg lossis ua pa nyuaj yog qhov xwm ceev. Hu rau 911 lossis tus npawb xov tooj xwm ceev hauv zos tam sim.

Parathyroid ntsig txog hypocalcemia

• Cov qog endocrine
• Parathyroid qog

Clarke BL, Xim av EM, Collins MT, li al. Kab mob nqig thiab kev paub mob hypoparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol MetabCov. 2016; 101 (6): 2284-2299. PMID: 26943720 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26943720/.

Reid LM, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Kev tswj hwm ntawm parathyroid mob. Hauv: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, li al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngolog: Kev Kho Taub Hau thiab Caj DabCov. 7 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 123.

Thakker RV.Parathyroid qog, hypercalcemia thiab hypocalcemia. Hauv: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil TshuajCov. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: cha 232.