Mob hnyuv plab

Khees Xes Qog Khees Xawj yog mob qog hais tias pib mob plab hnyuv loj (txoj hnyuv tawm) lossis lub qhov quav (qhov kawg ntawm txoj hnyuv).

Lwm hom mob cancer tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txoj hnyuv. Cov no suav nrog cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, mob qog nqaij hlav cancer, melanoma, thiab sarcomas. Cov no tsis tshua muaj. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, txoj hnyuv mob nyuv tsuas hais txog qhov mob hnyuv laus nkaus xwb.

Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, mob caj dab yog ib txoj hauv kev ua rau neeg tuag vim mob cancer. Kev paub thaum ntxov yuav ntau tuaj yeem ua kom tiav kev kho kom zoo.

Yuav luag txhua qhov mob qog nqaij hlav pib hauv txoj hnyuv thiab qhov quav. Thaum kws kho mob tham txog mob caj dab, qhov no feem ntau lawv tab tom tham txog.

Tsis muaj ib yam ua kom mob plab hnyuv tws. Yuav luag txhua tus mob qog plab hnyuv pib ua cov tawv nqaij mos (nonigncerous) (benign) polyps, uas maj mam dhau mus ua cancer.

Yog koj muaj feem yuav muaj mob khees xaws loj yog tias koj:

• Laus dua 50 xyoos
• Yog cov neeg Asmeskas Dub lossis keeb kwm European sab hnub tuaj
• Noj ntau cov nqaij liab lossis nqaij ua noj
• Muaj cov polyorectal polyps
• Muaj mob nyhuv hnyuv (Tus kab mob Crohn lossis mob hauv plab)
• Muaj tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm mob hnyuv tws

Qee cov kab mob muaj mob kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob hnyuv loj. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau yog hu ua Lynch syndrome.

Qhov koj noj tej zaum yuav ua rau koj muaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer. Khees xawj muaj feem yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev noj cov zaub mov muaj roj ntau, thiab muaj fiber ntau thiab kom cov nqaij liab noj kom ntau. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias qhov kev pheej hmoo tsis poob yog tias koj hloov mus rau qhov kev noj haus zoo, yog li cov kab txuas no tseem tsis tau meej.

Kev haus luam yeeb luam yeeb thiab haus cawv yog lwm yam kev phom sij ntawm kev mob caj dab.

Feem ntau ntawm cov mob hnyuv tsis muaj tsos mob. Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob, cov hauv qab no yuav qhia tias yog mob hnyuv tws:

• Mob plab thiab mob hauv qab hauv plab
• Cov ntshav hauv cov quav
• Mob plab zawv, cem quav, lossis lwm yam pauv hloov ntawm txoj hnyuv
• Nqaim cov quav
• Lub cev yuag nrog tsis paub yog vim li cas

Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas kab mob, tuaj yeem kuaj qog mob cancer ua ntej cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Qhov no yog thaum mob qog yuav kho tau.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj mob lub cev thiab nias rau ntawm koj lub plab. Kev kuaj lub cev tsis tshua muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, txawm tias tus kws kho mob yuav hnov ​​zoo li mob hauv lub plab. Txoj kev kuaj mob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj yuav qhia qhov ntau rau cov neeg muaj mob qog nqaij hlav, tab sis tsis mob nyuv.

Kev kuaj ntshav ib qho quav (FOBT) yuav kuaj ntshav me me hauv cov quav. Qhov no yuav qhia tias mob nyuv. Yuav ua ib qho sigmoidoscopy, lossis ntau dua, xoos hnyuv laus yuav tau soj ntsuam seb yog vim li cas thiaj ua rau muaj ntshav hauv koj cov quav.

Tsuas muaj txoj hnyuv tas nrho tuaj yeem pom txoj hnyuv laus tag nrho. Nov yog kev tshuaj ntsuam zoo tshaj plaws rau mob hnyuv quav.

Yuav kuaj ntshav rau cov neeg uas muaj mob kheesxaws ncauj tsev menyuam, suav nrog:

• Ua kom tiav cov ntshav suav (CBC) txhawm rau kuaj xyuas ntshav tsis muaj ntshav
• Kev kuaj mob siab ua haujlwm

Yog hais tias koj tau kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer txoj hnyuv, yuav muaj ntau yam kev kuaj ntxiv los saib seb tus mob cancer puas kis mus. Qhov no hu ua staging. Kev thaij duab CT lossis MRI kuaj ntawm lub plab, thaj chaw hauv plab, lossis lub hauv siab yuav siv coj los kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav. Qee zaum, PET scans tseem siv.

Theem mob hnyuv mob yog:

• Theem 0: Mob heev thaum ntxov ntawm cov hnyuv sab hauv txoj hnyuv
• Theem I: Kabmob yog nyob rau txheej sab hauv txheej hnyuv tws
• Theem II: Kab mob kis tau los ntawm nqaij phab ntsa ntawm txoj hnyuv
• Theem III: Kab mob cancer tau kis rau cov qog ntshav
• Theem IV: Tus kabmob tau kis mus rau lwm yam kabmob sab nraud txoj hnyuv

Kev kuaj ntshav kom paub cov cim qog, xws li carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) yuav pab tus kws kho mob ua raws koj thaum lub sijhawm thiab tom qab kho.

Kev kho yog nyob ntawm ntau yam, nrog rau theem ntawm mob cancer. Cov kev kho mob yuav suav nrog:

• Kev phais kom tshem tawm cov qog
• Kws siv tshuaj tua cov mob qog noj ntshav
• Kev siv hluav taws xob los rhuav tshem cov qog nqaij hlav cancer
• Cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb pab kho mob qog noj ntshav kom tsis txhob loj tuaj thiab sib kis

NTU

Theem 0 mob hnyuv loj tuaj yeem kho los ntawm kev tshem cov qog tawm uas siv txoj hnyuv laus. Rau theem I, II, thiab III mob qog noj ntshav, yuav tsum tau hlais tawm ntau dua ntxiv txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem feem ntawm cov nyuv muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov kev phais mob no hu ua kev rov mob plab (colectomy).

CHEMOTHERAPY

Yuav luag txhua tus neeg uas muaj mob qog hlav hlav hlav hlav hnyuv III tau txais kev kho mob tom qab phais mob ntev txog 3 txog 6 hlis. Qhov no yog hu ua kev kho mob rau muv. Txawm hais tias cov qog tau tshem tawm los, kev kho tshuaj kho mob tau muab coj los kho qee cov qog nqaij hlav cancer uas tseem nyob tau.

Kev siv tshuaj kho mob kuj tseem siv txhawm rau txhim kho cov tsos mob thiab ua kom ntev txoj sia nyob hauv cov neeg muaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer IV.

Koj tuaj yeem tau txais tsuas yog ib hom tshuaj lossis kev sib txuam ntawm cov tshuaj.

KEV CAI

Kev siv hluav taws xob ntau qee zaum siv rau mob nyuv.

Rau cov neeg muaj tus kab mob theem IV uas tau kis mus rau lub siab, kho tau los ntawm daim siab tuaj yeem siv tau. Qhov no yuav suav nrog:

• Kub lub qog nqaij hlav (ablation)
• Kev xa tshuaj kho mob lossis tshuaj hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau daim siab
• Khov mob qog noj ntshav (sab xis)
• Kev phais mob

TARGETED THERAPY

• Cov hom phiaj kho kho zeroes nyob rau ntawm lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb (molecules) hauv cov kabmob hlwb. Cov hom phiaj no tau ua ib txoj haujlwm ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer loj hlob thiab ciaj sia li cas. Siv cov hom phiaj no, cov tshuaj cuam tshuam rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer thiaj li tsis tuaj yeem kis mus tau. Cov phiaj xwm kho yuav raug muab tshuaj ua ntsiav tshuaj lossis yuav raug txhaj rau txoj hlab ntshav.
• Koj tuaj yeem yuav tau txais hom phiaj kho nrog kev phais mob, kev siv tshuaj kho mob, lossis kev kho hluav taws xob.

Koj tuaj yeem txo kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev muaj mob los ntawm kev koom nrog pawg pab pawg mob hnyuv laus. Faib qhia rau lwm tus uas muaj kev paub thiab teeb meem ntau yam tuaj yeem pab koj tsis txhob xav tias yog ib leeg.

Feem ntau, mob khees-xaws hnyuv yog tuaj yeem kho thaum ntxov.

Koj zoo npaum li cas yog nyob ntawm ntau yam, tshwj xeeb theem ntawm tus kabmob. Thaum kho thaum ntxov, ntau tus neeg muaj sia nyob yam tsawg 5 xyoos tom qab kuaj mob. Qhov no yog hu ua tus nqi nyob hauv 5 xyoo.

Yog hais tias mob "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "ny" "" "" "" "colon" V " Cov theem I, II, thiab III mob qog nqaij hlav mas suav tias yog kho tau. Feem ntau, mob khees-xaws theem IV tsis pom tias yuav kho tau, txawm hais tias muaj kev zam.

Teeb meem yuav suav nrog:

• Kev txhaws ntawm txoj hnyuv, ua rau mob plab hnyuv
• Mob khees xaws rov qab rau hauv txoj hnyuv
• Kab mob qog nkag rau lwm yam kabmob lossis cov nqaij (metastasis)
• Kev loj hlob ntawm thawj ob ntawm lub qog nqaij hlav cancer

Hu koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj:

• Dub, tar-zoo li quav
• Cov ntshav thaum tso quav
• Hloov quav ua haujlwm
• Kev yuag yuag uas tsis yoo

Mob hnyuv laus tuaj yeem feem ntau yuav raug kuaj los ntawm txoj hnyuv laus nyob rau hauv nws qhov ntxov thiab feem ntau kho tau. Yuav luag txhua tus txiv neej thiab poj niam hnub nyoog 50 thiab laus dua yuav tsum mus kuaj mob cancer hnyuv. Cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ua ntej.

Kev kuaj mob hnyuv feem ntau tuaj yeem pom polyps ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem mob qog nqaij hlav. Tshem cov polyps no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv mob hnyuv.

Hloov koj kev noj haus thiab kev ua neej yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev tshawb nrhiav kho mob pom tias kev noj zaub mov muaj roj tsawg thiab muaj fiber ntau yuav pab txo koj txoj kev mob qog noj ntshav.

Khees xawj; Cancer - mob hnyuv; Mob raum; Mob Cancer - lub qhov quav; Adenocarcinoma - mob hnyuv loj; Nyuv - adenocarcinoma; Mob caj dab mob cancer

• Mob plab tawg - ua paug tawm
• Bland kev noj haus
• Hloov koj lub hnab ostomy
• Kev siv tshuaj kho mob - dab tsi yuav nug koj tus kws kho mob
• Ileostomy thiab koj tus menyuam
• Ileostomy thiab koj li kev noj haus
• Ileostomy - tu koj lub plab
• Ileostomy - hloov koj lub hnab
• Ileostomy - tawm mus
• Ileostomy - dab tsi yuav nug koj tus kws kho mob
• Loj lub plab hnyuv rov qab - tso tawm
• Nyob nrog koj ileostomy
• Pelvic radiation - paug
• Kev siv hluav taws xob kho - cov lus nug kom nug koj tus kws kho mob
• Kev tso quav me me - tawm
• Tag nrho colectomy lossis proctocolectomy - tshem tawm
• Hom ntawm ileostomy

• Barium enema
• Kev kuaj mob hnyuv
• Lub plab zom mov
• Mob raum - xoo hluav taws xob
• Sigmoid mob hnyuv tws - xoo hluav taws xob
• Spleen metastasis - CT scan
• Tus qauv ntawm txoj hnyuv
• Qib mob cancer
• Nyuv kab lis kev cai
• Mob hnyuv - Series
• Colostomy - Series
• Kev mob plab hnyuv loj - Series
• Loj txoj hnyuv (nyuv)

Garber JJ, Chung DC. Colonic polyps thiab polyposis syndromes. Hauv: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger thiab Fordtran mob hnyuv thiab nplooj siab mob. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 126.

Tus kws lij choj M, Johnston B, Van Schaeybroeck S, li al. Mob hnyuv plab. Hauv: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6 tus ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 74.

Koom Haum Cancer Cancer ntawm Lub Tebchaws. Kev tiv thaiv mob qog mob hnyuv (PDQ) - Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/hp/colorectal-prevention-pdq. Hloov kho Feb 28, 2020. Nkag mus rau Lub Rau Hli 9, 2020.

Kev Koom Tes Hauv Tebchaws (National Comprehensive Cancer Network). NCCN Cov Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Lus Qhia Hauv Kev Oncology. Kuaj mob hnyuv. Daim Ntawv 2.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colorectal_screening.pdf. Hloov kho rau Lub Rau Hli 8, 2020. Nkag mus rau Lub Rau Hli 9, 2020.

Qaseem A, Crandall CJ, Mustafa RA, Hicks LA, Wilt TJ; Cov Lus Qhia Kev Kuaj Mob Hauv Cov Tsev Kawm Qib Siab Tus Kws Kho Mob. Kev kuaj mob rau tus mob hnyuv laus hauv cov neeg laus txoj kev pheej hmoo: cov lus qhia los ntawm American College ntawm Cov Kws Kho Mob. Ann Intern Med. 2019; 171 (9): 643-654. PMID: 31683290 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31683290.

Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, li al. Kev kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav cancer: kev pom zoo rau cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob los ntawm Asmeskas Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Ntau Lub Koom Haum rau Kab Mob Qog Qog. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. PMID: 28555630 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28555630.